U.S. PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE
Information Products Division |
U.S. Patent Classification System - Classification Definitions
as of June 30, 2000
Patents classified in a subclass may be accessed by either clicking on
the subclass number
preceding each subclass definition or on the
" " icon, below.
( please note that patents for some subclasses may not be available )
For classification search strategies, please refer to the
Classification Index
Explanation of Data web page.
(definitions have been obtained from the
Patents ASSIST CD-ROM which
is produced by the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office
Electronic Products Branch)
Class 411
EXPANDED, THREADED, DRIVEN, HEADED, TOOL-DEFORMED, OR
LOCKED-THREADED FASTENER
Class Definition:
This class is the locus for the following types of fasteners
when they are adapted for general use and are not
sufficiently limited to use with special articles or
structures as to require classification therewith:
A. An anchoring-type or holding-type fastener which expands
upon receiving a driven fastener or when driven by a tool;
B. A tool driven externally threaded fastener (e.g., bolt,
screw);
C. A tool driven internally threaded fastener (e.g., nut);
D. An impact driven fastener (e.g., nail, staple);
E. A tool driven or discrete (i.e., not affixed to
workpiece), headed, elongated-shank fastener adapted to be
moved along its longitudinal axis into coaxial apertures in a
workpiece, wherein the headed, elongated-shank fastener is
secured by either (1) a deformable end (e.g., rivet), (2)
means other than threads requiring rotation for engagement
(e.g., Dzus-type or quarter-turn fastener), (3) pivotable
securing means (e.g., toggle bolt), (4) retractable securing
means (e.g., ball detent fastener), or (5) a separate
retaining element; and
F. A tool deformed or tool driven fastener (e.g., cotter
pin) which is closely allied in use with the other fasteners
of this class.
This class is also the locus for a threaded bolt (i.e.,
externally threaded fastener) or a threaded nut (i.e.,
internally threaded fastener), either singly or interthreaded
with one another, which bolt or nut, or a mating pair
thereof, is not free to turn about the axis of its thread
(i.e., its longitudinal axis), by virtue of being (A)
combined with means which restrict its rotation relative to a
coating structure, or (B) combined with means which prevent
its rotation relative to its complementary nut or bolt,
respectively, or (C) combined with means which both restruct
its rotation as in (A) and prevent its rotation as in (B).
The bolt and the nut, either single or together, are
associated with a fastening function. This class also
provides for devices (e.g., washers) which are used in
conjunction with fasteners of this class and which perfects
the fastening operation thereof.
This class additionally provides for those subcombinations
(e.g., fastener heads) of its subject matter for which no
other locus exists.
LINES WITH OTHER CLASSES AND WITHIN THIS CLASS
If otherwise proper for this class, fasteners capable of
either manual or tool operation (e.g., tacks) are placed in
this class and not in Class 24.
SUBCLASSES
Subclass:
1
TORQUE RESPONSIVE NUT OR BOLT DRIVING CONNECTION:
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Subject matter wherein a holding device is either (a)
provided with a driving section which is disconnectable from
the holding device when a twisting force in excess of a
predetermined limit is applied thereto or (b) yieldably urged
into engagement with a cooperating element and moves into a
noncooperating position upon the application of excessive
torque.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
402 for externally threaded fasteners (e.g., screws and
bolts, etc.) having specific head driving structure.
Subclass:
2
Frangible connection:
This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Subject matter
wherein the holding device is joined to the driving section
by a destroyable member or weakened portion which ruptures
upon the application of excessive torque.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
39 for a holding device or anchor provided with frangible
portion.
Subclass:
3
Between concentric elements:
This subclass is indented under subclass 2. Subject matter
wherein the holding device and the driving section are
coaxial.
Subclass:
4
Shear pin connecting means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 3. Subject matter
wherein the holding device and the driving section are joined
together by a separate element usually disposed in aligned
apertures therein which shears upon the application of torque
in excess of a predetermined limit.
Subclass:
5
Axially displaced:
This subclass is indented under subclass 3. Subject matter
wherein the holding device and the driving section are
arranged in axially spaced concentric relationship with
respect to each other and are joined together by the member
or weakened portion.
Subclass:
6
Resilient connection:
This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Subject matter
wherein a yieldable connection is provided between the
holding device and the driving section by a connecting means
carried by or formed on either the device or the section
which connecting means either is capable of flexing within
its elastic limit or includes a yieldable biasing means which
urges the connecting means to an operative position, whereby
the connecting means is movable to an inoperative, disconnect
position upon the application of excessive torque.
Subclass:
7
Racket:
This subclass is indented under subclass 6. Subject matter
wherein the connecting means comprises a first tooth or
toothlike member located on either the holding device or
driving section and a second tooth or toothlike member, or
other structure located on either the holding device or the
driving section, the second tooth, member, or structure being
yieldably engageable and relatively movable with the first
tooth or toothlike member.
Subclass:
8
WITH MEANS TO INDICATE APPLICATION OF PREDETERMINED
STRESS-STRAIN:
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Subject matter wherein a holding device includes a
self-contained part which functions to permit measuring of,
or to denote attainment or loss of a desired degree of,
tension, compression, or torque in the device.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
402 for externally threaded fasteners (e.g., screws, bolts,
etc.) provided with specific head driving structure.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
73, Measuring and Testing, appropriate subclasses for methods
of measuring and testing stresses or strains in a bolt, and
for measuring and testing apparatus not entirely a part of
the fastener in situ, particularly 141 for means for
measuring a direct push or pull on a fastener.
116, Signals and Indicators, 200 for indicator devices not
entirely a part of a fastener in situ to indicate tension or
compression thereon.
340, Communications: Electrical, subclass 668 for electric
signaling devices not entirely a part of a fastener in situ
responsive to and controlled by the tension or stress in the
fastener.
Subclass:
9
Axially deformable member or portion:
This subclass is indented under subclass 8. Subject matter
wherein the self-contained part includes means having a
dimension which lies substantially parallel to the axis along
which the holding device is advanced, which means is
responsive to and indicative of a change in the loading
condition of the holding means by variations in said
dimension.
Subclass:
10
Deformable washer:
This subclass is indented under subclass 9. Subject matter
wherein the self-contained part is in the form of an annular
or cylindrical member which is altered in height to indicate
the attainment, or loss of a desired degree of tension,
compression, or torque.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
531 for washers, per se.
Subclass:
11
Resilient:
This subclass is indented under subclass 10. Subject matter
wherein the annular or cylindrical member is axially
resilient to allow an elastic reduction in height.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
544 for axially resilient washers, per se.
Subclass:
12
Coil spring:
This subclass is indented under subclass 11. Subject matter
wherein the resilient member is in the form of a helically
wound element which is axially compressed to indicate the
attainment of a desired degree of tension, compression, or
torque.
Subclass:
13
Color indicator:
This subclass is indented under subclass 8. Subject matter
wherein the self-contained part carries a distinct color
producing a visual indication of the measuring attainment or
loss of a desired degree of tension, compression, or torque
in the device.
Subclass:
14
Including gauge means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 8. Subject matter
wherein the self-contained part carries or contains a
discrete means for measuring the degree of tension,
compression, or torque in the device.
Subclass:
14.5
TENSIONED ALONG THE LONGITUDINAL AXIS BY A COAXIAL FORCE
APPLYING DEVICE (E.G., MECHANICAL TENSIONER):
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Subject matter wherein the fastener in which an apparatus
applies a stress or pull parallel to an imaginary line
through the longest dimension of the bolt, screw, nail,
rivet, etc. and the apparatus is then removed.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
1 for a torque responsive nut or bolt driving connection.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
254, Implements or Apparatus for Applying Pushing or Pulling
Force, subclass 29 for tie rod tensioner.
Subclass:
15
HAVING SEPARATE EXPANDER MEANS:
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Subject matter wherein the longitudinal extent of a holding
device or an anchor can be increased and means are provided
to effect this increase in dimension.
(1) Note. The increasing means of this subclass includes
but is not limited to a wedge-shaped mandrel, fluid pressure,
a screw (tapered or straight shanked) for applying and
expanding force to the holding device, cooperating sloped
faces, etc.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
52, Static Structures (e.g., Buildings), 157 for an auger
anchor insertable in the ground; and subclasses 698+ for an
anchor embedded in a settable material, connected to a
subsurface member or conformed to a specially modified base,
and see the note in subclass 698 for the line.
405, Hydraulic and Earth Engineering, appropriate subclasses
for expanding anchors or holding devices used with tunnels.
As between Classes 411 and 405, Class 405 takes a rock bolt
having means to grout it in place or earth anchors combined
with retaining walls or like structures which are desired to
be secured to the earth. In addition, Class 405 takes rock
bolts combined with specific roof-supporting systems or such
bolts combined with support plates where the plates have a
roof support, e.g., load-bearing features, hangers, peculiar
terrestrial coacting features, etc. Class 405 is the
repository for the support plates, per se, which are
associated with rock bolts. Class 411 takes expanding
anchors, per se, even though they are solely disclosed as
being rock bolts or such anchors associated with nominal roof
support plates.
Subclass:
16
Helical anchor:
This subclass is indented under subclass 15. Subject matter
wherein the holding device or anchor includes a wound means
forming a sleeve.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
52, Static Structures (e.g., Buildings), 705 for a socket
type anchor having a helical feature on its exterior surface,
and see the note in subclass 698 for the line.
Subclass:
17
Mates with mandrel thread:
This subclass is indented under subclass 16. Subject matter
wherein the means to effect the dimension increase includes a
member having a helical rib formed on its exterior surface
which member is inserted into and causes expansion of the
spirally wound sleeve.
Subclass:
18
With wedge-shaped expander:
This subclass is indented under subclass 16. Subject matter
wherein a tapered member is provided for expanding the
spirally wound sleeve.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
24 for an anchor or holding device provided with a double
wedge oppositely acting expander.
44 for a sleeve type anchor or holding device having a
tapered expander.
75 for an anchor or holding device provided with sliding
wedge surfaces.
Subclass:
19
Fluent pressure actuated:
This subclass is indented under subclass 15. Subject matter
wherein the holding device or anchor has a chamber therein,
and expansion is caused by fluent pressure applied within the
chamber.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
391 for an externally threaded fastener element (e.g., a
bolt or screw) having fluent pressure separating means.
434 for an internally threaded fastener element (e.g., a
nut) having plural moveable parts moved by fluent pressure.
Subclass:
20
Explosive:
This subclass is indented under subclass 19. Subject matter
wherein the fluent pressure is created by the detonation of
an explosive charge.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
440 for an impact driven fastener having explosive driving
means.
532 for a washer provided with explosive release means.
Subclass:
21
Having securing element projecting through aperture in
sleeve:
This subclass is indented under subclass 15. Subject matter
wherein the holding device or anchor includes a member which
bounds the remainder of the device or anchor and which is
provided with a port through which a portion of the remainder
of the device or anchor extends to effect or enhance the
securement of the device or anchor in place.
Subclass:
22
Deformable element:
This subclass is indented under subclass 21. Subject matter
wherein the portion of the remainder of the device or anchor
includes means which is bent or otherwise reshaped to bring
it into an operative position to effect or enhance securement
of the holding device or anchor.
(1) Note. The term "deformable element" of this and the
indented subclass is inclusive of a mass of flowable
material, including granular material, which is caused to
flow in a desired fashion when a force is applied to it.
Subclass:
23
Flowable mass:
This subclass is indented under subclass 22. Subject matter
wherein the means which is reshaped includes a body composed
of either (a) a plastically yieldable material, the overall
configuration of which is altered when a force is applied to
the body or (b) a plurality of constituent particles which
are free to move relative to each other when a force is
applied to the body.
Subclass:
24
Oppositely acting double wedge expander means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 15. Subject matter
wherein the anchor or device includes a pair of oppositely
disposed tapered elements which increase the circumferential
extent of the holding device or the anchor by their relative
movement axially toward or away from each other.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
44 for an anchor or holding device in the form of a sleeve
and tapered expander.
75 for an anchor or holding device having sliding wedge
surfaces.
Subclass:
25
Outwardly moving:
This subclass is indented under subclass 24. Subject matter
wherein the tapered elements are disposed within the holding
device or anchor and effect expansion of the device or anchor
by moving away from each other.
Subclass:
26
Both wedges provided with thread cooperating means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 24. Subject matter
wherein a threaded shaft extends between the tapered
elements, and each of the elements either are provided with
thread means which coact with the shaft or are engaged by a
driving member which is provided with shaft coacting thread
means such that upon rotation of the shaft the tapered
elements move towards or away from each other.
Subclass:
27
Having rotation preventing means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 24. Subject matter
wherein cooperating means are provided on one of the tapered
elements and on the remainder of the anchor or the holding
device to prevent relative rotation therebetween.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
49 for an anchor or device in the form of a sleeve and
tapered expander having rotation prevention means.
Subclass:
28
Groove and follower:
This subclass is indented under subclass 27. Subject matter
wherein a tapered element and the remainder of the holding
device or the anchor are each provided with either a groove
means or a protuberance means which cooperate to prevent
those members from turning relative to each other when the
tapered elements move toward or away from each other.
Subclass:
29
With hold forming means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 15. Subject matter
wherein the anchor or holding device is provided with means
to form an anchor or holding device receiving aperture in a
medium within which the anchor is to be secured or in the
elements or portions to be secured together.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
52, Static Structures (e.g., Buildings), 155 for a device
for that class having means to penetrate the earth.
Subclass:
30
Formed on expansible sleeve:
This subclass is indented under subclass 29. Subject matter
wherein the anchor or holding device includes a substantially
cylindrical sleeve which has the aperture forming means
carried at one end thereof.
Subclass:
31
Serrated end:
This subclass is indented under subclass 30. Subject matter
wherein the aperture forming means is in the form of sharp
teeth peripherally arranged about the end of the sleeve.
Subclass:
32
Plural expansible segments or sections:
This subclass is indented under subclass 15. Subject matter
wherein the anchor or holding devices includes either (a) a
single portion or zone, composed of a plurality of separate,
expansible members, which portion or zone can have its
circumferential extent altered or (b) a plurality of spaced
portions or zones each of which can have its circumferential
extent altered.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
432 for multipart moveable internally threaded fastener
element (e.g., nuts).
Subclass:
33
Identical segments:
This subclass is indented under subclass 32. Subject matter
wherein the plurality of separate, expansible members are
duplicates.
Subclass:
34
Bulged by axially contracting ends:
This subclass is indented under subclass 15. Subject matter
wherein the holding device or anchor is expanded by moving
the ends thereof toward each other so as to collapse a sleeve
structure thereof.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
57.1 for an anchor or holding device in the form of a
tapered expander with a slotted sleeve or in 63+, with a
plural sectioned sleeve.
Subclass:
35
Having wedge-shaped section acting in slot:
This subclass is indented under subclass 35. Subject matter
wherein the holding device or anchor is in the form of a
generally tubular member having an elongated opening in a
wall thereof and including a portion having tapered edge
surfaces adjacent an end of the elongated opening which act
against the side edges of the elongated opening to facilitate
bulging of the sleeve as the ends thereof are axially
contracted.
Subclass:
36
Twistable sleeve:
This subclass is indented under subclass 34. Subject matter
wherein the holding device or anchor is in the form of a
generally tubular member one end of which is caused to turn
relative to its other end when the member is bulged.
Subclass:
37
Bulged portion having additional gripping means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 34. Subject matter
wherein the holding device or anchor includes means carried
by and in addition to the expanded portion which means is
forced into penetrating or frictional engagement with a part
into which the holding device or anchor is inserted.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
71 for an anchor or holding device in the form of a tapered
expander and a sleeve having external gripping means.
451.1 for an impact driven fastener having integral locking
means on its shank.
Subclass:
38
Bulged portion including bend line or reduced section:
This subclass is indented under subclass 34. Subject matter
wherein the holding device or anchor is provided either with
a deformed area or area having a decreased dimension such
that during movement of ends toward each other expansion
occurs at these areas.
Subclass:
39
Frangible member:
This subclass is indented under subclass 15. Subject matter
wherein a weakened area is provided on the holding device or
anchor to facilitate its separation into discrete parts when
sufficient force is applied.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
476 for a multiple prong impact driven force fastener having
a frangible portion.
Subclass:
40
Frangibly connected expander:
This subclass is indented under subclass 39. Subject matter
wherein a connection between the expander element and the
remainder of the holding device or anchor defines a weakened
area which fractures in response to a predetermined force.
Subclass:
41
Projecting outwardly from head:
This subclass is indented under subclass 40. Subject matter
wherein the holding device or anchor includes a head end
opposite an insertion end thereof and wherein the expander
projects axially outwardly.
Subclass:
42
Sleeve including weakened portion:
This subclass is indented under subclass 39. Subject matter
wherein the holding device or anchor comprises a
substantially tubular element which includes a weakened area
which fractures in response to a predetermined force.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
449 for an impact driven fastener provided an axially
collapsible section provided to secure the fastener.
Subclass:
43
Frangible mandrel:
This subclass is indented under subclass 39. Subject matter
which includes a member for moving an expander element
wherein the member is formed with a pull portion which is
connected to the remainder of the member by a weakened
section which fractures upon the application of a
predetermined force thereto.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
361 for a headed fastener provided with nonexpanded deformed
collar having a frangible mandrel.
476 for a multiple prong impact driven fastener provided
with frangible portion.
Subclass:
44
Including sleeve and distinct tapered expander (e.g., anchor
bolt type):
This subclass is indented under subclass 15. Subject matter
wherein the holding device or anchor comprises a sleeve in
the form of a tubular element having a bore which is engaged
by an expander having a wedging surface to effect expansion
of the tubular element.
Subclass:
45
And means to captively retain expander:
This subclass is indented under subclass 44. Subject matter
wherein means are provided for holding the expander in
assembled relationship with the holding device or anchor
prior to expansion thereof.
Subclass:
46
Follower captive within groove:
This subclass is indented under subclass 45. Subject matter
wherein the expander and the holding device or anchor are
provided with mating protuberance and slot means having
closed ends whereby the slot means act to hold the expander
in the assembled condition.
Subclass:
47
Bridge-type retainer:
This subclass is indented under subclass 45. Subject matter
wherein the means for maintaining the expander in assembled
relationship comprises a section of material spanning an open
end on the holding device or anchor.
Subclass:
48
Tongue-type retainer:
This subclass is indented under subclass 45. Subject matter
wherein the means for holding the expander in assembled
relationship comprises an inwardly extending projection
carried by the holding device or anchor with the innermost
extremity thereof being unattached.
Subclass:
49
Relative rotation preventing means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 44. Subject matter
wherein means are provided for preventing rotative movement
between the sleeve and the expander.
Subclass:
50
Guide and follower:
This subclass is indented under subclass 49. Subject matter
wherein the expander and the sleeve are each provided with
either protuberance means or cooperating means to restrain
the protuberance in a rectilinear fashion.
Subclass:
51
Splines:
This subclass is indented under subclass 50. Subject matter
wherein the guide and protuberance means are in the form of a
plurality of grooves and relatively long, narrow ribs mating
with said grooves.
Subclass:
52
Follower defined by corners of polygonal element:
This subclass is indented under subclass 50. Subject matter
wherein either the expander or a portion of the sleeve is of
multisided cross section, and a corner of said cross section
acts as the protuberance means.
Subclass:
53
Expander type:
This subclass is indented under subclass 50. Subject matter
wherein either the cooperating means or the protuberance
means includes wedging surfaces which effect or aid in the
expansion of the sleeve.
Subclass:
54
Expansible element moved relative to stationary expander:
This subclass is indented under subclass 44. Subject matter
wherein expansion is effected by the expander being held in a
fixed position as the sleeve is axially moved relative
thereto.
Subclass:
54.1
Spread by pressing element over initially inserted expander
(e.g., push type):
This subclass is indented under subclass 54. Subject
matter in which the movement of the tubular member dilates
around the already installed wedging surface.
Subclass:
55
Threaded expander:
This subclass is indented under subclass 44. Subject matter
which includes a mover element wherein the mover element
activates the expander by means of threaded engagement
therebetween.
Subclass:
56
Stepped expander:
This subclass is indented under subclass 44. Subject matter
wherein the expander includes a plurality of sections of
progressively increasing diameters to effect varying degrees
of expansion of the sleeve.
Subclass:
57.1
Slotted sleeve spread by tapered expander:
This subclass is indented under subclass 44. Subject
matter wherein an elongated, narrow aperture is formed in the
tubular element then dilated by the wedging surface.
Subclass:
58
Both ends slotted:
This subclass is indented under subclass 57.1. Subject
matter wherein the sleeve is provided with an elongated,
narrow aperture at each of its ends.
Subclass:
59
Slot spaced from ends:
This subclass is indented under subclass 57.1. Subject
matter wherein the elongated, narrow aperture has its ends
axially spaced from respective ends of the sleeve.
Subclass:
60.1
Expander moved into stationary sleeve (i.e., pull type):
This subclass is indented under subclass 57.1. Subject
matter wherein the slotted sleeve in which the wedging
surface contacts the tubular member in the direction that the
tubular member is inserted in an opening.
Subclass:
60.2
Threaded expander:
This subclass is indented under subclass 60.1. Subject
matter wherein the expander into the slotted sleeve in which
the wedging surface has a projecting helical rib that matches
with a fastener rib.
Subclass:
60.3
Including a hinge or hinge-like portion:
This subclass is indented under subclass 60.1. Subject
matter wherein the slotted sleeve in which a portion of the
sleeve has a jointed or flexible piece which rotates away
from the axis of the sleeve upon actuation of the expander.
Subclass:
61
Folded blank type:
This subclass is indented under subclass 57.1. Subject
matter wherein the sleeve is formed from a single sheet of
material bent into shape with free edges of the sheet
defining the sides of the elongated narrow aperture.
Subclass:
62
Slot angularly related to sleeve axis:
This subclass is indented under subclass 57.1. Subject
matter wherein the elongated, narrow aperture is inclined
with respect to the longitudinal axis of the sleeve.
Subclass:
63
Plural-sectioned sleeve:
This subclass is indented under subclass 44. Subject matter
wherein the sleeve comprises a plurality of discrete,
laterally arranged sections.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
432 for multipart internally threaded fastener elements
(e.g., nuts).
Subclass:
64
Having section retainer:
This subclass is indented under subclass 63. Subject matter
wherein retainer means is provided for securing the sections
together.
Subclass:
65
Ring or sleeve type:
This subclass is indented under subclass 64. Subject matter
wherein the retainer means is in the form of a ring or sleeve
which extends circumferentially of the sections.
Subclass:
66
Destructible:
This subclass is indented under subclass 65. Subject matter
wherein the ring or sleeve is destroyed during expansion of
the sleeve.
Subclass:
67
Bight type:
This subclass is indented under subclass 64. Subject matter
wherein the retainer means comprises a strap element having
its ends secured to the respective sections.
Subclass:
68
Tongue and groove:
This subclass is indented under subclass 64. Subject matter
wherein the retainer means comprises a projection on one
section received in a corresponding recess in an adjacent
section.
Subclass:
69
Expander or sleeve extruded during expansion:
This subclass is indented under subclass 44. Subject matter
wherein material of the expander or of the sleeve is caused
to plastically flow during relative axial movement between
the expander and sleeve.
Subclass:
70
Expander having integral pull stem:
This subclass is indented under subclass 44. Subject matter
wherein the expander includes an elongated section as a
unitary part thereof to be gripped by puller means for moving
the expander relative to the sleeve.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
501 for hollow rivets, per se.
Subclass:
71
Sleeve having external gripping means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 44. Subject matter
wherein the sleeve is provided with gripping means on its
exterior surface which is adapted to engage walls of a hole
in a part into which the sleeve is inserted which gripping
means prevents rotative or axial movement of the sleeve.
Subclass:
72
Circumferential rib:
This subclass is indented under subclass 71. Subject matter
wherein the gripping means comprises a protuberance which
extends around the sleeve.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
455 for an impact driven fastener provided with integral
locking means in the form of a circumferential rib on its
shank.
Subclass:
73
And longitudinal rib:
This subclass is indented under subclass 72. Subject matter
wherein the gripping means comprises the combination of a
circumferential protuberance and a protuberance extending
axially of the sleeve.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
452 for an impact driven fastener provided with integral
locking means in the form of a longitudinal rib on its
shank.
Subclass:
74
Struck from sleeve:
This subclass is indented under subclass 71. Subject matter
wherein the gripping means is formed by being severed and
bent out from the walls of the sleeve.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
466 for a multiple prong fastener formed by cutting and
forming prongs from sheet metal material.
Subclass:
75
Relatively sliding wedge surfaces:
This subclass is indented under subclass 15. Subject matter
which includes a holding device or anchor having a tapered
surface thereon engaged by a mating surface on a second
member wherein relative axial movement between the two
surfaces results in a change in the transverse dimension of
the device or anchor.
Subclass:
76
Wedge received in transverse slot in holding device or
anchor:
This subclass is indented under subclass 75. Subject matter
wherein the second member is disposed within a longitudinal
slot in the holding device or anchor.
Subclass:
77
Double-faced wedge:
This subclass is indented under subclass 76. Subject matter
wherein the second member includes a pair of opposed tapered
surfaces which mate with surfaces on the holding device or
anchor to produce expansion in laterally opposite
directions.
Subclass:
78
Having wedge retainer means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 75. Subject matter
wherein discrete means are provided for securing the second
member in assembled relationship with the holding device or
anchor.
Subclass:
79
Wedge surfaces act in single lateral direction:
This subclass is indented under subclass 75. Subject matter
wherein the second member includes a single tapered surface
cooperating with a surface on the holding device or anchor to
cause a change in dimension in a single lateral direction.
Subclass:
80
Including discrete activating means for wedge:
This subclass is indented under subclass 75. Subject matter
wherein distinct means are provided for moving the second
member relative to the holding device or anchor in order to
produce a wedging effect.
Subclass:
80.1
Comprising a head and expandable portions spread by fastener
(e.g., drywall anchor):
This subclass is indented under subclass 15. Subject
matter wherein the expander wherein the enlargement or
related structure at one end is connected to a sleeve-type
section having a longitudinal slot from the enlargement end
to the end of the sleeve in which the sleeve swells via the
bolt, screw, nail, etc.
Subclass:
80.2
Three or more expandable portions:
This subclass is indented under subclass 80.1. Subject
matter wherein the head and legs expandable by a fastener in
which the sleeve has more than one longitudinal slot.
Subclass:
80.5
Sleeve type (headless) with longitudinal slot, slit, or split
expanded by fastener:
This subclass is indented under subclass 15. Subject
matter wherein the expander which is a tubular element that
has a narrow channel along the longitudinal axis.
Subclass:
80.6
Sleeve threaded:
This subclass is indented under subclass 80.5. Subject
matter wherein the sleeve with slot which includes a
projecting helical rib designed to cooperatively receive an
engaging rod.
Subclass:
81
THREADED FASTENER LOCKED TO A DISCREET SUBSTRUCTURE (E.G.,
PLATE, RAIL, WHEEL):
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device
comprising a fastener in the nature of a threaded bolt or a
threaded nut, or an interthreaded bolt and nut, and means for
either preventing or limiting the turning of the bolt or the
nut, or both of them, about its longitudinal axis relative to
a claimed substructure (e.g., a base, a panel, a surface, an
art device or, more generally, a workpiece) with which one or
the other, or both, is associated.
(1) Note. The substructure is involved with the bolt or the
nut in performing a fastening function; for example, the
substructure may be the recipient of an object which is
attached to it by the bolt or nut, or the bolt or nut may be
serving to fasten two or more substructures together, and so
forth, in some instances the rotation restricting means, or a
part thereof, is formed integrally with the substructure.
(2) Note. The substructure may not be claimed; however, for
purposes of classification herein, it should be treated as
being present if it performs an indispensable function in
restricting the rotation of the bolt or the nut.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
190 for a threaded bolt and nut and means for coupling them
to one another against relative rotation.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
238, Railways: Surface Track, subclass 262 for a railway
track having one or more rails and wherein, at a butt joint
between two sections of a rail, at least one splice bar is
provided and further wherein bolts and nuts, and means for
locking them against rotation, are included for connecting
the splice bar to the abutting rail sections. While this and
the indented subclasses take such structure of the splice bar
or rail section as relates to the locking thereto against
rotation of one or more bolts or nuts utilized in joining a
splice bar to one or more rail sections, the inclusion of,
for example, a second, parallel rail, a tie, a tieplate, a
roadbed feature, etc., is sufficient to require
classification in Class 238.
403, Joints and Connections, appropriate subclasses for
connections between two or more members which involve greater
specificity of the members than merely the manner in which
they are adapted to serve as the coacting substructure for
restricting the rotation of one or more bolts or nuts which
are included in the connection.
Subclass:
82
MADE, MODIFIED, OR PREPARED FOR SETTABLE MATERIAL:
This subclass is indented under subclass 81. Device wherein
the means comprises or includes a quantity of a substance
which is hardenable from a soft or flowable, as-applied state
into a state in which it serves to affix, or assist in
affixing, a bolt or a nut, and, in some instances, one or
more additional elements that are associated with the bolt or
nut, to a substructure.
(1) Note. Exemplary of the substances are (a) adhesives for
exerting a force which tends to keep two or more parts from
separating such as (1) a flowable as applied but air
hardenable material in the nature of a glue, (2) a normally
hard but heat-softenable and subsequently rehardenable
material in the nature of solder, or (3) a predisposed film
or layer of material which, while essentially set up by the
time of its use, remains tacky on its surface, (b)
compositions such as weld rod or a chemical solvent which,
with or without, respectively, the assistance of heat,
molecularly intermingle with and unite two or more parts, and
(c) a material which may be flowable when applied but which
undergoes an increase in volume upon setting up and thus
forces two or more parts into relatively rigid engagement
with one another.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
171 for a threaded fastener (i.e., a bolt or nut) and means
for restricting the rotation thereof relative to a coacting
substructure wherein the means comprises the adapting of the
bolt or nut to be fused directly to a substructure (i.e.,
without the use of additional material) (e.g., a weld nut).
257 for a threaded bolt and nut and means for coupling them
against relative rotation wherein the means includes material
which may be a metallic coating or a quantity of fusible
metal.
258 for the coupled bolt and nut mentioned in the reference
to subclass 257 above, but wherein the means includes a
settable material.
376 for a headed fastener with a nut, washer, securing means
or cap and wherein the element which is in addition to the
fastener is a cap which is attachable by fusion bonding.
Subclass:
82.1
Injected after fastener placement:
This subclass is indented under subclass 82. Subject
matter wherein the settable material which is forced into a
space surrounding a nail, bolt, screw, etc. after insertion.
Subclass:
82.2
Adhesive coating:
This subclass is indented under subclass 82. Subject
matter wherein the settable material which is applied to the
exterior surface of a nail, bolt, screw, etc.
Subclass:
82.3
Adhesive encapsulated:
This subclass is indented under subclass 82. Subject
matter in which the settable material is in the form of a
gelatinous or membranous envelope, pill, lozenge, tablet,
capsule, ampoule, ampule, etc.
Subclass:
82.5
TEMPERATURE SENSITIVE OR RESPONSIVE:
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Fastener in which the amount of heat generated during
torquing or driving causes a change, in some cases
detectable, in the bolt or nail.
Subclass:
84
Prefabricated assembly comprising strip or sheet member
carrying plural similar fasteners:
This subclass is indented under subclass 81. Device wherein
the other element, or at least one of a plurality thereof,
comprises a member which either has a significant
longitudinal dimension (e.g., a channel) or else consists
primarily of a planar surface (e.g., a plate) and which has
connected thereto, in a manner which restricts their rotation
relative to the member, a plurality of either nuts (usually)
or bolts, the member and its nuts or bolts forming an
assembly whereby the attachment of the member to a
substructure serves to fasten the plurality of nuts or bolts
thereto.
(1) Note. It is commonplace in the art of this subclass to
provide for a limited amount of movement of the nuts or bolts
relative to the member, the purpose ordinarily being to
enable a more precise alignment with their complementary
bolts or nuts.
Subclass:
85
Including element for holding fasteners against separation
from member:
This subclass is indented under subclass 84. Device wherein
the assembly is provided with one or more second, other
(i.e., additional) elements for assuring that the nuts or
bolts cannot move away from their rotation restricting
relationship with the member.
(1) Note. A single additional element may suffice to hold a
plurality of nuts or bolts to the member, or, in the
alternative, each nut or bolt may require such an element.
On the other hand, the holding of the nut or bolt to the
member may require the cooperation of a set of two or more,
dissimilar, additional elements, and, as in the previous
example, one such set may hold a plurality of nuts or bolts
to the member, or each nut or bolt may require such a set of
elements.
Subclass:
86
Including a series of elements, one element restricting two
fasteners of a plurality, and the remainder each restricting
one fastener:
This subclass is indented under subclass 81. Device wherein
the means comprises a plurality of elements, serially
arranged more or less parallel to an outwardly facing surface
of the substructure, one of the plurality of elements serving
to restrict two bolts or nuts against rotation, and another,
or each other, of the plurality of elements serving to
restrict one other bolt or nut against rotation.
(1) Note. While the other element, or each of them,
receives the shank of one bolt and engages the head of
another (usually adjacent) bolt, or a nut on that bolt, the
one element must engage the heads of two (usually adjacent)
bolts, or the nuts on those bolts. In order to engage the
bolt heads or nuts, the element may be integrally so
configured, or it may utilize an auxiliary portion to furnish
the engagement with one of the two bolt heads or nuts; in the
latter situation, the auxiliary portion may be hinged to its
element, or it may be separable from its element and
attachable thereto when utilized for its intended purpose.
Subclass:
87
Elongate member extending between and interlocking plural
bolts and nuts:
This subclass is indented under subclass 81. Device wherein
the other element, or at least one of a plurality thereof,
comprises a member which has a longitudinal dimension greatly
in excess of any of its other dimensions (e.g., a bar, rod,
strap, wire) and which spans the distance between, and is
held in engagement with, two or more bolts or nuts, thus
preventing relative rotation of any of the bolts or nuts
which it interconnects.
(1) Note. The member, in use, may retain the primarily
rodlike configuration of the material from which it was made,
or it may be looped, reversely bent, etc., which shaping
frequently is for the purpose of engaging more than one flat
side of a bolt head or a nut.
Subclass:
88
Member engages inwardly facing surface and a flat side of
bolt head or nut:
This subclass is indented under subclass 87. Device wherein
the member is so located as to engage the
substructure-confronting surface of the head of, or of a nut
on, one or more of the bolts, and wherein the member is
provided with an abutment or related structure for engaging
at least one of the heads or nuts on a flat side thereof.
Subclass:
89
Member extending between plural fasteners and restricting the
rotation thereof in one direction more than the other (e.g.,
pawl and ratchet):
This subclass is indented under subclass 81. Device wherein
the other element, or at least one of a plurality thereof,
comprises a member which extends between two or more bolts or
nuts and engages them in such a manner that rotation of the
bolt or nut in one direction (e.g., unthreading) can be
accomplished only by either the application of an excessive
force or the disengagement of the member, or a portion
thereof, from the bolt or nut, whereas rotation in the
opposite direction e.g., threading) requires little, if any,
more force than would be the case if the member was not
there.
(1) Note. Exemplary of the types of member-to-bolt-or-nut
engagement are: (a) the member may engage merely a corner of
a flat-sided bolt head or nut; (b) the bolt, bolt head or nut
may be formed with one or more radial projections for
engagement by the member; (c) the bolt head or the nut may be
formed with an axial extension which carries one or more
member-engaging projections; or (d) there may be present an
additional element which is coupled against rotation to the
bolt or nut and which includes one or more member-engaging
projections.
(2) Note. The member-engaging projections of (d) of (1)
Note may be in the nature of a ratchet, in which event the
member functions as a pawl.
Subclass:
90
Member extending between and engaging flat formed on side of
each of a plurality of flat sided bolts or nuts (e.g., side
lock):
This subclass is indented under subclass 81. Device wherein
the other element, or at least one of a plurality thereof,
comprises a member in the nature of either a single piece of
material or a plurality of pieces related in some fashion to
one another, which member is positioned in such a manner that
a principal surface thereof occupies a plane which parallels,
or nearly parallels, that surface of the substructure with
which it is in a facing relationship, and wherein the member
includes a portion (e.g., an arm or lip extending normally to
the principal surface of the member) for making contact with
one or more planar regions formed on the exterior of, and
extending parallel to the principal axis of, each of a
plurality of bolts or nuts.
(1) Note. In the instance of a bolt, the planar region
ordinarily is located on the head, rather than the shank.
Subclass:
91
And element on opposite face of substructure restricting
rotation of a cooperating nut or bolt:
This subclass is indented under subclass 90. Device provided
with a second, other (i.e., an additional) element which
faces a region of the substructure that is opposite to the
region faced by the member, and which element limits the
turning of (a) a nut which is complementary to a bolt whose
turning is limited by the member or (b) a bolt which is
complimentary to a nut whose turning is limited by the
member.
(1) Note. Usually, the element is similar in appearance to
the member.
(2) Note. The bolts may each enter the substructure from
one face thereof, or one or more may enter from one face and
another one or more may enter from the opposite face.
Subclass:
92
Having plural openings or notches engaging a bolt or nut on
two sides:
This subclass is indented under subclass 90. Device wherein
those portions of the member which engage the planar regions
of the bolts or nuts are the radially inwardly facing edges
or walls of two or more passages through the member, which
passages are so located as to be either (a) entirely within
the boundaries of the member or (b) along a boundary thereof
and thus having a periphery which is not a closed figure, and
wherein the edge or wall engages at least two of the planar
regions of each bolt or nut.
Subclass:
93
Having plural parts, one of which engages the inwardly facing
surface of a bolt head or nut:
This subclass is indented under subclass 92. Device wherein
the member consists of at least two coacting pieces, one or
more of which has at least one area which is contacted by the
inwardly facing (i.e., the working) surface of at least one
of the bolt heads or nuts.
(1) Note. In the instance of a bolt which is provided with
both a primary and a secondary nut (i.e., a double nut), and
the contact of the area of one of the pieces is made by the
inwardly facing surface of the secondary, or outer nut,
rather than by the inwardly facing surface of the primary, or
inner nut, classification is not in this area (93+) but is in
subclass 96 below, instead.
(2) Note. In the case of an "undercut" nut, the inwardly
facing surface frequently is the inwardly facing surface of
the larger diameter portion, rather than the corresponding
surface of the smaller diameter portion.
Subclass:
94
Special fishplate engaging inwardly facing surface:
This subclass is indented under subclass 93. Device wherein
that one of the pieces which has an area contacted by the
inwardly facing surface comprises a fishplate associated with
a joint between two railroad rails, which fishplate has been
modified as to become, itself, one of the coacting pieces.
(1) Note. This subclass notes that a fishplate is treated
as comprising only substructure, because the fishplate
modifications found herein could not be ignored.
(2) Note. On the other hand, "modified" is not intended to
include such commonly occurring fishplate features as (a) a
cavity extending longitudinally of the rail-facing side of
the fishplate or (b) a notch or equivalent provision, located
along a tie-confronting lower lip of a fishplate, for
receiving a hold-down spike.
(3) Note. The alteration to the fishplate occasionally is
merely the provision therein of a tapped opening for
receiving a bolt which retains another one of the pieces to
the fishplate.
Subclass:
95
Elastically or plastically deformable part:
This subclass is indented under subclass 93. Device wherein
one of the pieces is resiliently or yieldably deformable,
either in whole or in part, and is deformed during its
coaction with the one or more other pieces.
Subclass:
96
Having plural parts, one comprising a keeper:
This subclass is indented under subclass 92. Device wherein
the member consists of two or more coacting pieces, at least
one of which functions merely to prevent another piece, or
pieces, from moving out of operative engagement with the
bolts or nuts.
(1) Note. While some of the art of this subclass strongly
resembles that of subclass 94 above, a closer examination
will reveal that the fishplates of this art (96) are not
"special" within the meaning of that subclass (94) and
therefore are treated as comprising only substructure; see
(1) Note and (2) Note of subclass 94.
(2) Note. The part which serves a holding function is, in
some instances, no more than a spike for anchoring a
disclosed rail assembly.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
93 for the reference to this subclass (96) appearing in (1)
Note thereof.
Subclass:
97
Unitary member, deformable in whole or in part:
This subclass is indented under subclass 92. Device wherein
the member consists of a single piece of material which is,
at least in part, elastically or plastically deformable in
nature and which undergoes deformation for the purpose of
being placed into, retained in, or removed from operative
engagement with the bolts or nuts.
Subclass:
98
And engaging the inwardly facing surface of the bolt heads or
nuts:
This subclass is indented under subclass 90. Device wherein
the member includes, on its surface which is opposite to its
substructure-facing surface, regions which engage against
rotation, in at least one direction, the inwardly facing
surfaces of two or more bolt heads or nuts.
(1) Note. The engagement for restricting rotation may
involve only frictional contact.
(2) Note. The member may include a bendable portion (e.g.,
a tab) for deformation into engagement with a side of a bolt
head or a nut subsequent to assembly of the bolt or nut with
the member and the substructure.
Subclass:
99
Including separable keeper for member:
This subclass is indented under subclass 90. Device provided
with a second, other (i.e., an additional) element for
preventing the member from moving away from that position in
which it makes contact with the one or more planar,
sidewardly facing regions of each of the bolts or nuts.
Subclass:
100
Including element spacing member from substructure:
This subclass is indented under subclass 90. Device provided
with a second, other (i.e., an additional) element for
locating the member a slight distance apart from the
substructure.
(1) Note. The additional element sometimes functions as a
carrier for the member, or sometimes to allow relative
movement of the member, or, at other times, for a purpose not
related to either of these two.
Subclass:
101
Locked by a piece abutting inwardly facing surfaces of a
plurality of nuts or bolt heads:
This subclass is indented under subclass 81. Device wherein
the other element, or at least one of a plurality thereof,
comprises a member formed either of a single piece of
material or a plurality of pieces so related to one another
as to function as a single piece, which piece or pieces are
positioned in such a manner that one principal surface
thereof occupies a plane which generally parallels an
outwardly facing surface of the substructure and wherein the
opposite principal surface of the piece or pieces contains
regions which engage against rotation, in at least one
direction, the inwardly facing surfaces of two or more bolt
heads or nuts.
(1) Note. The engagement for restricting rotation may
involve only frictional contact.
(2) Note. Occasionally, the regions of the member and the
inwardly facing surfaces of the bolt heads or nuts are
provided with formations which are complementary to one
another, and, in some instances, the formations are of the
kind which resist rotation to a greater degree in one
direction of turning than in the other.
(3) Note. In some instances, the member engages an element
which underlies the inwardly facing surface of a bolt head or
a nut and thus intervenes between the member and the
surface.
Subclass:
102
Locked by a piece connecting two consecutive fasteners:
This subclass is indented under subclass 81. Device
including two or more elements arranged successively along
one or the other or both faces of a substructure, each
element restricting one bolt or nut but being so associated
with at least one other such element, either directly or by
way of a bolt, nut or substructure, as to restrict two or
more successively arranged bolts or nuts.
(1) Note. Frequently, the number of elements in the series
thereof equals the number of bolts or nuts in the series
thereof.
(2) Note. The art of this subclass is neither clearly
plural within the sense of subclasses 84 to 101 above, nor
strictly singular within the meaning of subclasses 103 to 165
below.
Subclass:
103
Multipart nut assembly with one member attached to structure
or substructure:
This subclass is indented under subclass 81. Device wherein
the other element, or at least one of a plurality thereof,
comprises a member which is connected to, or otherwise held
in contact with, the substructure adjacent to, at or within
either a hole which penetrates the substructure or a pocket
which enters the substructure to an extent less than its
thickness and which member functions to locate and support a
single bolt or nut in such a manner, relative to the
substructure, that the longitudinal axis of the bolt or the
nut is in alignment with the principal axis of the hole or
pocket, the purpose of the arrangement being to place the
bolt or nut in a proper position for receiving the nut or
bolt, respectively, which is intended to be placed in
threaded engagement with it.
(1) Note. In a few instances, the member is an assembly of
plural elements functioning as one.
(2) Note. In locating and supporting the bolt or nut
relative to the substructure, the member restricts, or
assists in restricting, the bolt or nut against axial
movement in addition to its usual function of restricting, or
assisting in restricting, the bolt or nut against rotational
movement.
Subclass:
104
Through-passage or recess having laterally extending entry
for inserting member and nut:
This subclass is indented under subclass 103. Device wherein
the substructure additionally includes a cross passage which
enters the hole or pocket from a side thereof, which cross
passage is for the purpose of moving the member, and a nut
held therein or thereon, into alignment with the axis of the
hole or pocket, and, hence, into alignment with the bolt
which will be placed into the hole or pocket.
(1) Note. The "width" of the member-nut assembly is greater
than the diameter of the hole or pocket, thus, necessitating
the provision of a cross passage for inserting the assembly
into bolt-receiving position.
(2) Note. The member frequently holds the nut loosely in
order to allow for limited realignment thereof when the bolt
is introduced.
(3) Note. The member-nut assembly hereof is often
identified as a "barrel nut".
Subclass:
105
And a second substructure and means for capturing a
complementary nut or bolt thereto:
This subclass is indented under subclass 103. Device
provided with an additional substructure and with means for
attaching thereto against separation, but not against
rotational or limited longitudinal movement, a nut, or a
bolt, which is intended to mate with the bolt, or the nut,
held to the first substructure by the member.
(1) Note. The second substructure may be in the nature of a
panel.
(2) Note. Included occasionally herein is means (e.g., a
thread lock) for coupling a bolt to its complementary nut.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
167 for the search notes therein pertaining to thread
locks.
Subclass:
106
Having means for coupling a bolt to a nut:
This subclass is indented under subclass 103. Device which
includes means for restricting the turning of the bolt
relative to the nut, or vice versa, which means may be the
member or a portion thereof or may be the thread structures
of the bolt or nut or the manner in which those structures
interengage.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
167 for the search notes therein pertaining to thread
locks.
Subclass:
107
Member anchors bolt in substructure with threaded portion
exposed (e.g., stud bolt):
This subclass is indented under subclass 103. Device wherein
the member holds one part of a bolt in the hole or pocket in
such relation to the surface of the substructure that another
part of the bolt, which is threaded, extends outwardly
therefrom.
(1) Note. The first-mentioned part of the bolt may be the
head or a portion of the shank, threaded or unthreaded, while
the last-mentioned part is the shank, or the remainder
thereof, and is threaded.
(2) Note. The bolt of this subclass is commonly referred to
as a "stud bolt".
Subclass:
108
Nut-encompassing sleeve member engaged within through-passage
or recess:
This subclass is indented under subclass 103. Device wherein
the member is tubular in nature and has its external surface
in contact with the sidewall of the hole or pocket, and
wherein a nut is anchored to the substructure by being
inserted into the hollow interior of the member and engaged
therewith.
(1) Note. In some instances, the exterior of the nut and
the interior of the member are threaded, and the engagement
of the one with the other is of a threaded nature.
(2) Note. Occasionally, the external surface of the member
is threaded, in which event the member may be turned into the
substructure.
Subclass:
109
Locking ring coaxially related to an elongated, externally
threaded nut:
This subclass is indented under subclass 103. Device wherein
the member is a circular band or loop and has, as its axis,
the longitudinal axis of a nut, and wherein the nut has a
significant longitudinal dimension and is provided with an
outer surface which is threaded for engaging the sidewall of
the hole or pocket, the circular band or loop supplementing
the sidewall engagement in joining the nut to the
substructure.
(1) Note. The band or loop may encompass the nut or it may
be outwardly of an end thereof.
(2) Note. The sidewall of the hole or pocket may be plain
or threaded.
Subclass:
110
Member comprises a longitudinal key:
This subclass is indented under subclass 103. Device wherein
the member comprises one or more elongated elements which
extend generally parallel to the longitudinal axis of the
bolt or nut and which engage the substructure at the hole or
pocket formed therein and also engage whichever of the bolt
or nut is held in the hole or pocket.
(1) Note. Most typically, the nut takes the form of an
internally threaded sleeve which is recessed into the
substructure, and the key is at least one bar or rod inserted
at the juncture of the outer surface of the sleeve with the
wall of the hole or pocket; if two or more keys are utilized,
they are spaced apart therearound.
Subclass:
111
Member includes elastically or plastically deformable
portion:
This subclass is indented under subclass 103. Device wherein
the member includes one or more parts or regions which are
movable, either resiliently or yieldably, to another position
relative to the remainder of the member for either (a)
supporting the bolt or nut in or on the member or (b)
connecting the member to the substructure.
Subclass:
112
Having elastically deformable portion for attaching member to
substructure:
This subclass is indented under subclass 111. Device wherein
the movable part or region is either so configured, or formed
from such a material, or both, that, when released from the
moving force, it will tend to return to its former position
(i.e., the part or region is resilient), which property is
utilized for affixing the member to the substructure.
Subclass:
113
Plastically deformable portion:
This subclass is indented under subclass 111. Device wherein
the movable part or region is formed from such a material
that, when released from the moving force, it remains more or
less in the position into which it was moved (i.e., the part
or region is nonresilient).
(1) Note. Typical of the art of this subclass is a member
provided with two or more locating tabs, the tabs being
bendable into a position in which they grip the edge of an
aperture formed in a platelike substructure.
Subclass:
114
Locked by pawl and toothed or tooth-like piece:
This subclass is indented under subclass 81. Device wherein
the other element comprises a member which engages the
substructure in a rotation restricting manner and which has
formed on or in it one or more holes, stepped surfaces,
notches, etc., which holes, etc., receive, at least
momentarily as the bolt or the nut is turned, a pivotal
(either about a defined axis or merely bendable) dog, a
reciprocable pin, etc., which is mounted on or in the bolt
head or the nut (e.g., a spring loaded pin slidable in a
cavity formed in the nut eccentrically to the threaded hole
thereof).
(1) Note. The movable pawl most frequently comprises a
second, other (i.e., an additional) element.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
125 for the reference to this subclass (114) appearing in
(2) Note thereof.
Subclass:
115
Having discrete, reciprocably movable pawl:
This subclass is indented under subclass 114. Device wherein
the movable pawl is a second, other (i.e., an additional)
element which is so mounted on or in the bolt head or nut
that it may move back and forth relative thereto.
Subclass:
116
Head or nut side face held by discrete member (e.g., side
lock):
This subclass is indented under subclass 81. Device wherein
the other element, or at least one of the plurality thereof,
comprises a member which engages the substructure and which
has at least one portion for contacting (a) either at least
one planar, side surface of a plural-sided bolt head or nut
or at least one formation (e.g., a corner formed by the
junction of adjacent side surfaces, a tooth, etc.) on the
side of a bolt head or nut or (b) a corresponding flat side
or sidewardly facing formation on a second, other (i.e., an
additional) element which is located on the axis of, and is
caused to turn with, the bolt head or nut, which additional
element substitutes for the bolt head or nut insofar as
engagement with the member is concerned.
(1) Note. The coaction of the member with the substructure
is an essential aspect of the member's capability for
restricting rotation of the bolt or nut relative to the
substructure.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
90 for another body of art of this area (83+) which is
directed to a "side lock", but wherein a plurality of bolts
or nuts is involved.
Subclass:
117
Adjunct carried flat or formation:
This subclass is indented under subclass 116. Device
provided with a second, other (i.e., an additional) element,
which has the one or more sidewardly facing surfaces or
formations and is located on the axis of, and turns with, the
bolt head or nut, and wherein those surfaces or formations,
rather than the sidewardly facing surfaces or formations of
the bolt head or nut, are engaged by the member.
(1) Note. If the flats or formations are located on an
extension of the member, rather than on a separate element
which is coaxial with the member, classification is not here
in subclass (117) but is elsewhere in this area (116+).
(2) Note. Frequently, the sidewardly facing formations of
the additional element comprise a plurality of teeth in the
nature of a ratchet.
Subclass:
118
And thread lock coupling complementary fasteners:
This subclass is indented under subclass 116. Device wherein
the bolt and the nut which is threadedly engaged therewith
are prevented from turning relative to one another by a
locking action which results from either (a) the character of
(1) the thread of one or both or (2) the interengagement of
the thread of one with the thread of the other, or (b) the
presence, in the threaded region, of another element which is
neither the one other element, nor is it the additional
element of subclass 116 above.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
167 for the search notes therein pertaining to thread
locks.
Subclass:
119
Member having opening or notch engaging a bolt head or nut on
two sides:
This subclass is indented under subclass 116. Device wherein
that portion of the member which engages the one or more
sides or formations of the bolt head or nut is the radially
inwardly facing edge or wall of a passage through the member,
the passage being located either (a) entirely within the
boundaries of the member or (b) along a boundary thereof and
thus having a periphery which is not a closed figure, the
engagement, in either case, involving at least two of the
sides or formations of the bolt head or nut.
(1) Note. In the instance of a hexagonal bolt head or nut,
the engagement of the member therewith usually involves at
least three of the sides or formations.
Subclass:
120
And element maintaining member in operative engagement with
bolt head or nut:
This subclass is indented under subclass 119. Device
provided with a second, other (i.e., an additional) element,
which additional element either connects the member to the
substructure or to the bolt head or nut or otherwise
functions to retain the member in rotation restricting
engagement with the bolt head or nut.
Subclass:
121
Member elastically or plastically deformable for attaching it
to bolt head or nut:
This subclass is indented under subclass 119. Device wherein
the member, or a part thereof, is resiliently or yieldably
deformable for enabling the member to grip or otherwise hold
itself in contact with the bolt head or nut.
Subclass:
122
Member having portion (e.g., tab) deformable in situ into
engagement with flat or formation:
This subclass is indented under subclass 116. Device wherein
that portion, or one or more of a plurality thereof, of the
member which engages the one or more sides or formations of
the bolt head or nut is a plastically deformable part of the
member, which part is bent or otherwise deformed into contact
with the side or formation after the member and the bolt head
or the nut have been united with the substructure.
Subclass:
123
And having specific structure to coact with substructure:
This subclass is indented under subclass 122. Device wherein
the member also has, on or proximate to its region which
confronts the substructure, means for engaging the
substructure in such a manner that any tendency of the member
to turn relative to the substructure is either eliminated or
minimized.
(1) Note. The means may be in the nature of pointed or
otherwise sharpened projections which will tend to dig into
the member-confronting surface of the substructure.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
134 for a member located at least in part between the
substructure and the inwardly facing surface of the bolt head
or nut, and wherein means is provided for retaining, prior to
assembling two or more of the bolt, nut and substructure with
one another, the member to one of those three components in
approximately the position it will occupy subsequent to the
assembly, and further wherein the means may comprise prongs
or tabs on the member which extend more or less normally
thereto and grasp the sides of the bolt head or nut.
Subclass:
124
Projection on member and coacting formation in substructure:
This subclass is indented under subclass 123. Device wherein
the means on the member is in the form of one or more teeth,
ridges or the like, which form axial extensions of the
member, and wherein the substructure has one or more
recesses, grooves or the like for either receiving the teeth,
etc., or otherwise cooperating with them to restrict rotation
of the member relative to the substructure.
Subclass:
125
Sheet metal member having resilient pawl distorted
therefrom:
This subclass is indented under subclass 116. Device wherein
that portion, or one or more of a plurality thereof, of the
member which engages one or more of the flat sides or
sidewardly facing formations of the bolt head or nut is a
pawl which is elastic in nature and is formed by bending,
cutting, punching, stamping, etc., a part of a sheet metal
member away from the plane of the remainder of the member.
(1) Note. Most typically, the nonplanar part is depressed
and overridden by the corners of a bolt head or nut while the
latter is turning in its tightening direction, subsequent to
which the part springs back into a position whereby it blocks
the path of a side of the bolt head or nut.
(2) Note. In several respects, the art of this subclass
presents a reversal of parts in contrast with the art of
subclasses 114+ above, the latter art having the pawl carried
by the bolt head or the nut.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
114 as explained in (2) Note above.
Subclass:
126
Member includes means which attempt to penetrate
substructure:
This subclass is indented under subclass 125. Device wherein
the sheet metal member includes, on its
substructure-confronting region, means (e.g., one or more
pointed protrusions, sharp edges, etc.) for digging into, or
attempting to dig into, the surface of the substructure in
order to either eliminate or else minimize turning of the
member relative to the substructure.
Subclass:
127
Member abuts coacting part on substructure:
This subclass is indented under subclass 125. Device wherein
the sheet metal member, or a part thereof, moves into
engagement with, and is blocked by a particular region (e.g.,
an edge, a flange) of, or a specific formation (e.g., a lug)
on, the substructure, in order to either eliminate or else
minimize turning of the member relative to the substructure.
Subclass:
128
Member, or portion thereof, comprises movable pawl:
This subclass is indented under subclass 116. Device wherein
either the member, or one portion of a member which has a
plurality of portions, comprises a dog, lug, pin, etc., for
blocking the turning of the bolt head or the nut in one
direction by engaging one or more flat sides or sidewardly
facing formations thereof, but which is pivotable, slidable,
deflectable or otherwise repositionable by the bolt head or
the nut to avoid blocking a turning movement in the opposite
direction on the part of either of them.
(1) Note. (2) Note of subclass 125 above is applicable
here, also.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
114 as explained in the Note referred to in (1) Note above.
Subclass:
129
Member engages inwardly facing surface of bolt head or nut:
This subclass is indented under subclass 116. Device wherein
the contact of a region on the outwardly facing surface of
the member with all or part of the inwardly facing surface of
the bolt head or nut is relied upon to contribute to the
rotation restricting function of the one or more portions of
the member.
Subclass:
130
And is formed from plural, cooperating parts:
This subclass is indented under subclass 129. Device wherein
the member consists of at least two parts which are discrete
but which work with one another to perform the function of
the member.
Subclass:
131
And has specific structure to coact with substructure:
This subclass is indented under subclass 129. Device wherein
the member has means (e.g., a flange, one or more linear
segments on its perimeter, a projection, etc.) for engaging
the substructure, or a particular part (e.g., an edge, a
flange) thereof, or a formation (e.g., a groove, a recess)
thereon, in such a manner that any tendency of the member to
turn relative to the substructure is either eliminated or
reduced.
Subclass:
132
Lock washer type member located between substructure and bolt
head or nut:
This subclass is indented under subclass 81. Device wherein
the other element, or at least one of a plurality thereof,
comprises a member which, or a part of which, lies between
the substructure and that surface of the bolt head or nut
which faces in the direction of the substructure for the
purpose of resisting rotation of the bolt head or nut
relative to the substructure.
(1) Note. While the coupling, by the member, of the bolt
head or the nut to the substructure obviously requires the
mutual locking together of all three, the art of this and the
indented subclasses is sometimes concerned only with the
cooperative relationship of the bolt head or nut to the
member or of the member to the substructure. In such
instances, it becomes necessary to assume that a suitable
coupling exists at the other interface.
(2) Note. The location of the member between the bolt head
or nut and the substructure does not necessarily require that
the member have two, oppositely facing, regions of contact
but such is frequently the case (e.g., the member may be a
washer).
(3) Note. "Located between", in its broadest sense, has
been construed to include the instance in which a member
merely passes through, or only protrudes into, the region in
which the substructure and the inwardly facing surface
confront one another. Indented subclass 140, for example, is
predicated upon such a construction of that phrase; in
addition, other art involving a somewhat similar, elongated
element type of member, but wherein (a) the member may
protrude from either the substructure or the inwardly facing
surface of the bolt head or the nut, and (b) there is no
significant entry of the member into the inwardly facing
surface or the substructure, respectively, is found in this
subclass (132).
(4) Note. The structure discussed in (3) Note above
sometimes is in the nature of a set screw. On the other
hand, subclass 83 above also contains a body of set screw
art, which art is distinguishable from the set screws of this
area (132+) on the following basis: The set screw art of
subclass 83 does not involve a traversing of, nor even an
entry into, by the set screw, of the region in which the
substructure and the inwardly facing surface confront one
another.
Subclass:
133
Member fixed to bolt shank, and member or bolt fixed to
substructure:
This subclass is indented under subclass 132. Device wherein
one or both of the member and the bolt are either limited in,
or fixed against, turning relative to the substructure, and
wherein means is provided, at least on the member, but, more
commonly, on both the member and the shank of the bolt,
whereby the two engage each other in such a manner that the
turning of one relative to the other, at least in one
direction, is either eliminated or severely limited.
(1) Note. The member is sometimes a composite of two or
more coacting elements, one of which elements engages the
substructure and the other of which engages the shank of the
bolt.
(2) Note. The limiting or fixing of the member may involve,
for example, substructure-penetrating formations on the
member, while the limiting or fixing of the bolt may be
predicated upon, for example, the squaring of a portion of
the shank for engaging an opening complementary thereto in
the substructure.
(3) Note. The means on the shank of the bolt may comprise
structure in the nature of a flat, a keyway, a thread, etc.
Subclass:
134
Means holding member to bolt, nut or substructure prior to
use:
This subclass is indented under subclass 132. Device which
includes means for retaining the member to the bolt or the
nut or the substructure in approximately the position it will
occupy subsequent to the assembly of at least two of those
three components with one another.
(1) Note. Preassembly represents an effort to insure that
the member (e.g., a washer) will be in the right place (e.g.,
on a bolt) at the right time.
(2) Note. Preassembly with a bolt frequently is
accomplished by forming, or completing the formation of
(e.g., bringing the thread's crest to its full diameter), the
bolt's thread after the member has been associated with
(e.g., placed upon the shank, adjacent the head of) the
bolt.
(3) Note. While the member of this subclass is, in most
instances, free to rotate relative to the bolt, nut or
substructure with which it has been preassembled until such
time as that bolt, nut or substructure is tightened against
some other one of the components, occasionally it is found
that the type of structural engagement involved in the
preassembly is of a nature which precludes relative
rotation.
(4) Note. It is sometimes found in the art of this
subclass, especially in the instance of the preassembly, with
a bolt, of a member which has variations in its axial
dimension, such as a lock washer with twisted teeth, that the
bolt is so proportioned or structured that the maximum extent
to which it can be tightened during assembly is somewhat less
than the extent at which it would flatten the washer's teeth
into the plane of the remainder of the washer, thus, avoiding
the loss of locking efficiency on the part of the teeth.
Subclass:
135
By discrete element:
This subclass is indented under subclass 134. Device wherein
the means for holding the member to the bolt, nut or
substructure comprises a second, other (i.e., an additional)
element.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
137 for a plural element member which may resemble somewhat
the member and additional element of this subclass (135), but
see the reference to this subclass appearing there (137) for
an explanation of the fundamental difference.
Subclass:
136
Member comprises looplike element (e.g., washer) interlocked
with additional element, one of them engaging substructure or
surface in other than planar, face to face contact:
This subclass is indented under subclass 132. Device wherein
the member is made up of two or more elements which are so
structured as to mechanically interengage, interconnect,
interlock, etc., in a manner which limits, in at least one
direction, the movement of one element with respect to at
least one other element, and wherein one or more of the
elements form a closed, or a more nearly closed than open,
circle or polygon, the central axis of which is in, or
approximately in, coincidence with the principal axis of the
bolt or nut, and further wherein one or more of the elements
makes contact with the substructure or with the inwardly
facing surface of the bolt head or nut in a manner which
involves more than that represented by engaging one flat face
with another such face.
(1) Note. In this subclass (136), that element of the
member which is in confronting relation with the inwardly
facing surface frequently is provided with, on its
surface-confronting portion, teeth or equivalent formations
for increasing the resistance to turning, at least in an
unthreading direction, of the bolt or nut.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
146 for the reference to this subclass (136) appearing in
(2) Note thereof.
Subclass:
137
Two looplike elements interlocked by laterally introduced
key:
This subclass is indented under subclass 136. Device wherein
the member is made up of two elements which form a closed, or
a more closed than open, circle or polygon, and another
element which is inserted between the two elements by
movement toward, and more or less at right angles to, the
axis of the bolt, the insertion of the other element serving
to key the two elements against rotation relative to one
another.
(1) Note. The usual practice in the art of this subclass is
to place the two elements on a bolt and then turn a nut
tightly into place on the bolt. The key is then inserted at
the juncture of the two elements. Having eliminated any
possibility of rotation of one of the two elements relative
to the other, it is not expected that the nut will tend to
turn in an unthreading direction. To further insure the
absence of any such tendency, the substructure-confronting
element of the member often includes structure to restrict it
in rotation relative to the substructure, and the element
confronting the inwardly facing surface of the nut sometimes
is provided with teeth or equivalent formations for enhancing
its engagement with the nut.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
135 for another device of this area (132+) which
occasionally utilizes two, more or less annular, elements; in
that subclass, however, one of those elements constitutes the
member, whereas the other element serves to retain the one
element (i.e., the member) in place.
Subclass:
138
Pawl element, movably carried by looplike element, coacts
with ratchet on surface:
This subclass is indented under subclass 136. Device wherein
the looplike element, or one of a plurality thereof, mounts,
supports or otherwise holds another element which includes a
portion for engaging the inwardly facing surface of the bolt
head or nut, which portion is capable of some degree of
movement relative to the surface, and wherein the surface has
at least one, and usually a plurality of, steps or related
formations, which formations constitute a ratchet, whereby
the movable portion of the other element serves as a pawl for
engaging the ratchet and restricting the rotation, in at
least one direction, of the bolt or nut.
Subclass:
139
Laterally introduced key locks looplike element to surface:
This subclass is indented under subclass 136. Device wherein
an element of the member is a pin, rod, wedge, etc., which is
inserted between, by movement toward and more or less at
right angles to the axis of the bolt, the confronting regions
of the looplike element and the inwardly facing surface of
the bolt head or nut, the element penetrating, at least to
some extent, each confronting region and serving to key the
looplike element and the bolt head, or the nut, to one
another.
(1) Note. Frequently, both confronting regions are provided
with a groove, recess, etc., for receiving the element; in
the event, however, that only one region has such a groove,
etc., then it is customary to utilize the element to cut
(e.g., by providing it with a sharpened edge) or otherwise
form a channel, notch, etc., for its reception in the other
region.
Subclass:
140
Elongate member moves in longitudinally extending opening in
bolt head or nut to enter substructure:
This subclass is indented under subclass 132. Device wherein
the member is a nail, pin, screw, or other element having
length as its principal dimension, which element is contained
by or passes through a recess, or an aperture, respectively,
in, and extending more or less parallel to the principal axis
of, the bolt head or nut, and further wherein the element is
intended to be moved along its longitudinal axis to an extent
where a portion of it enters the substructure while another
portion remains in engagement with the bolt head or nut, and
additionally wherein entry of the element into the
substructure is by way of either (a) utilizing a recess
provided therein for receiving it, or (b) having sufficient
force applied to it to cause it to penetrate the surface of
the substructure.
(1) Note. Exemplary of the element of (a) of the definition
is a spring-loaded plunger, while the element found most
commonly in (b) is either a pointed, machine screw which is
carried by an off-center, threaded bore in the bolt head or
nut, or a threadless fastener which is impact driven into the
substructure.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
132 in regard to the reference to this subclass (140) which
appears in (3) Note thereof.
Subclass:
141
Locking dog or pawl carried by bolt head or nut and engaging
substructure:
This subclass is indented under subclass 132. Device wherein
the member is, in whole or in part, a tonguelike element
which is accommodated in, attached to or otherwise held by
the bolt head or nut and which is pivotably, yieldably, or
otherwise movable, upon commencement of unthreading rotation
of the bolt or nut, into a position in which it engages the
substructure in such a manner as to either block or at least
severely restrict movement in that direction.
(1) Note. The tonguelike element assumes a
substructure-penetrating attitude when called upon to block
movement.
(2) Note. While engagement of the tonguelike element with
the substructure takes place somewhat prior to reaching the
tightened position of the bolt head or nut, it does not,
generally, offer significant resistance to rotation in the
tightening direction.
(3) Note. In some instances, a single bolt head or nut may
be provided with more than one tonguelike element.
Subclass:
142
Key introduced laterally at juncture of surface and
substructure:
This subclass is indented under subclass 132. Device wherein
the member is in the form of a pin, rod, wedge, etc., and is
inserted between, by movement toward and more or less at
right angles to the axis of the bolt, the inwardly facing
surface of the bolt head or nut and that portion of the
substructure which confronts the surface, and further wherein
a portion of the pin, etc., lies within the surface and
another portion thereof lies within the substructure, thereby
serving to key the bolt head, or the nut, to the
substructure.
(1) Note. Most commonly, both the surface and the
substructure include a provision (e.g., a groove) for
receiving their respective portions of the pin, etc.; in some
instances, however, at least one of them lacks such a
provision, in which event the pin, etc., may be provided with
a sharpened, longitudinally extending ridge (e.g., an edge)
for forming a channel, notch, etc., as it is being moved into
place.
Subclass:
143
Formations on either member or surface, and cooperative,
restricting means on the other:
This subclass is indented under subclass 132. Device wherein
either the member or the inwardly facing surface of the bolt
head or nut includes at least one formation (e.g., a groove,
ridge, spur, etc.), and the other is provided with means for
coactingly engaging the formation or formations, the
engagement serving to prevent or limit rotation of the member
and the surface relative to one another.
(1) Note. The engagement may be selective in nature.
(2) Note. A mere corner, edge, etc., of the member or the
surface does not constitute a "formation" within the meaning
of this subclass; a concavo-convex relationship, however, is
considered to be proper for inclusion here.
Subclass:
144
Formations on surface, means on member, one of which presents
a sharp edged configuration:
This subclass is indented under subclass 143. Device wherein
the one or more formations are located on the inwardly facing
surface of the bolt head or the nut and the means is located
on the member, and either the formations or the means, or
both of them, has a sectional configuration which includes
points or lines, which points or lines are formed by the
angular intersection (usually at 90 deg. or less) of regions
of the surface or the member (e.g., a chisel edge, cone,
corner, parallel-walled channel, rectangular tooth, ridge,
V-groove, etc.).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
143 for related structure, but wherein none of the
engagement is of, for example, the chisel-edge-to-V-groove
type; in other words, the formations and structures of that
subclass 143 tend to be rounded or otherwise gently
undulating in cross section.
Subclass:
145
Formations comprise ramplike teeth, means comprises a movable
pawl:
This subclass is indented under subclass 144. Device wherein
the formations on the inwardly facing surfaces of the bolt
head or the nut are in the nature of successive teeth, each
having a configuration consisting of an incline, followed by
a decline, the latter usually being a sharp (e.g., a
straight) drop, and wherein the means on the member, which
means is movable in response to a force applied thereto in a
particular direction by a moving tooth, may comprise (a) a
protruding portion of the member, which portion either is in
itself resilient or else is resilient by virtue of the nature
(e.g., the material) of the member, or (b) an attachment to
the member which is movable (e.g., pivotally) relative to the
member.
(1) Note. Exemplary of (a) above is a split washer having
one of its free ends positioned to engage the teeth, which
free end frequently is distorted or otherwise reshaped into a
lip-like configuration.
Subclass:
146
And substructure accommodation for member portion:
This subclass is indented under subclass 145. Device wherein
the member includes structure (e.g., a surface protuberance,
an arm, etc.) for entering or otherwise engaging with a
cavity, slot, etc., provided in the substructure for
receiving it, and which cavity, etc., is located, at least in
part, below the surface of the substructure.
(1) Note. In perhaps its most simplistic manifestation,
this subclass adds, to the split washer example of (1) Note
of subclass 145 above, a shoulder, inset into the
substructure, for backing up the other free end of the
washer.
(2) Note. As an alternative to forming the cavity, etc., in
the substructure, a separate plate, attached to the
substructure, may be utilized for providing such a feature;
however, patents disclosing and claiming such an alternative
structure usually meet the limitations of subclass 136 above
and so will be found there.
(3) Note. It is occasionally disclosed in the art of this
subclass that, if the substructure is of wood rather than
metal, the requirement for a cavity, etc., in the
substructure may be dispensed with and the protuberance,
etc., merely be forced into the substructure.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
136 as explained in the reference thereto appearing in (2)
Note above.
Subclass:
147
Member comprises washer formed as closed loop or apertured
plate or as split ring:
This subclass is indented under subclass 132. Device wherein
the member consists of at least one element in the form of an
open-center figure having a principal axis which generally
coincides with the longitudinal axis of the bolt or the nut
and wherein the figure may either (a) form a closed path as
in (1) a ring or (2) a disclike element having an opening
more or less in its center and having axially facing regions
of significantly greater area than in the instance of (1); or
(b) form other than a closed path by having free ends which
(1) fall short of meeting one another or (2) pass one another
and extend therebeyond.
(1) Note. In the absence of a locus elsewhere (i.e., in an
area not involving a substructure relationship) for the
member, per se, patents claiming only the member, as well as
patents claiming the member in combination with the bolt, nut
or substructure, are included in this and the indented
subclasses.
(2) Note. A member having some degree of compressibility,
but which compressibility is achieved in a manner not
provided for elsewhere in this area (147+), will be found in
this subclass (147).
(3) Note. Included herein is a collection of art wherein
the outer periphery of the member is given some particular
configuration (e.g., rectangular, square, etc.), which
configuration ordinarily might not be deemed to be
particularly relevant to the member's description as "an
open-center figure forming a closed or a nonclosed path".
(4) Note. Also collected herein is a small amount of art
disclosing a washer-to-bolt-thread relationship.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
151 for the reference to this subclass (147) appearing in
(1) Note thereof.
170 for a nut and an apertured spacer therefor which are
formed adjacent to one another in a strip of material and are
then placed in axial alignment with one another by folding
the strip about an axis located between the nut and the
spacer portions thereof; while the spacer remains attached to
the nut and therefore does not qualify as an additional
element for this subclass (147) and the indented subclasses,
it sometimes functions in a manner related thereto.
531 for washer structure when the washer is not a part of a
rotation restricting arrangement for a bolt or nut.
Subclass:
148
Engaging side wall of counterbore in substructure:
This subclass is indented under subclass 147. Device wherein
the substructure is provided with either a cylindrical or a
conical enlargement of a portion of the bolt shank passage,
which enlargement receives either a bolt head or a nut, and
wherein the open-center figure, or one of a plurality
thereof, makes contact with some portion of the inner surface
of the enlargement.
(1) Note. Frequently, the open-center figure is configured
to embrace a bolt head which is formed with an upwardly and
outwardly flared (e.g., a beveled), substructure-confronting
surface.
Subclass:
149
Plural, axially adjacent washers, or plural part washer:
This subclass is indented under subclass 147. Device wherein
there are either (a) two or more open-center figures located
next to one another along the axis of the bolt or nut, or (b)
a single open-center figure which is made up of two or more
different components, parts, substances, etc.
(1) Note. Included herein is a device of the kind wherein
an open-center figure is formed in each of the two ends of a
strip of material and the strip then folded about the mid
portion of its length to place the figures in axial
alignment.
(2) Note. In the instance of the single, composite figure,
the several components, parts, substances, etc., usually are
readily discernible as such, even though they may be rather
intimately associated with one another.
Subclass:
150
Having one washer, or washer part, of a more yieldable nature
than another washer, or part:
This subclass is indented under subclass 149. Device wherein
either one of the two or more open-center figures, or one of
the two or more different components, parts, substances,
etc., of a single such figure, is, by composition or
configuration, more bendable, compressible, etc., than
another of the figures or another of the components, etc., of
the single figure.
Subclass:
151
Split ring having radially outwardly extending end:
This subclass is indented under subclass 147. Device wherein
the open-center figure does not form a closed path, but,
instead, has two, distinct ends, and further wherein one or
both of the ends turn from the remainder of the figure in a
direction away from its principal axis.
(1) Note. Those loops which have free ends but which fail
to meet the requirements of either this subclass (151) or
subclasses 152+ below are classified elsewhere in this area
on some other basis, if applicable, or, if not, then in
subclass 147 above.
Subclass:
152
Ends of split ring overlap in stressed condition:
This subclass is indented under subclass 147. Device wherein
the open-center figure does not form a closed path, but,
instead, has two, distinct ends, and further wherein those
ends pass beyond one another to the extent that, when the
figure is subjected to an axially directed load as the result
of the tightening of the bolt or nut, they will be superposed
relative to one another in a direction paralleling the
principal axis of the figure.
(1) Note. The "stressed condition" limitation is intended
to rule out those open-center figures wherein, in a relaxed
state, the ends appear to overlap, but which ends, upon the
compressing of the figure by the tightening of the bolt or
nut, move apart to the extent that there is no longer any
overlap.
(2) Note. An overlap in a radial sense, that is, where the
ends pass beyond one another but one lies farther from the
principal axis of the figure than the other, is not the type
of overlap contemplated by this subclass.
(3) Note. (1) Note of subclass 151 above is applicable
here, also.
Subclass:
153
Overlap of at least 180 degrees (e.g., coil):
This subclass is indented under subclass 152. Device wherein
the distinct ends of the figure, having passed beyond one
another, continue along paths in which they are axially
superposed until they have traversed a total path or about
540 deg. or more.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
147 for an open-center figure in the nature of a spiral, or
a volute, spring.
Subclass:
154
Apertured plate of uniform thickness having undulating
contact surfaces:
This subclass is indented under subclass 147. Device wherein
the open-center figure is in the nature of a plate penetrated
by a hole, and further wherein the plate shows, in a section
paralleling its outer periphery and taken before the figure
has been subjected to the pressure generated by the
tightening of the bolt or nut involved, a series of wavelike
formations.
(1) Note. The "prior to being stressed" limitation excludes
those figures which have circumferentially spaced projections
on each of their axially directed, oppositely facing regions,
which projections, if formed alternately on the two regions,
may cause the outer periphery to take on an undulating
configuration upon the application of an axial force to the
figure.
Subclass:
155
Apertured plate having arched sectional configuration (e.g.,
concavo-convex):
This subclass is indented under subclass 147. Device wherein
the open-center figure is in the nature of a plate penetrated
by a hole, the center of the hole ordinarily representing a
point on the principal axis of the figure, and further
wherein the plate is curved in cross section in at least one
direction or is otherwise so configured in section as to
place its central portion in a different plane than some or
all of its periphery, in order that it may bend to resist a
force applied more or less axially.
Subclass:
156
Arched configuration circumscribes aperture:
This subclass is indented under subclass 155. Device wherein
the figure is annular in nature, and further wherein the
sectional curvature is displayed twice by a section which
contains the principal axis of the figure (i.e., the material
on one side of the central opening presents, in section, a
mirror image of the material on the other side of the
opening).
Subclass:
157
Split ring having opposed ends offset axially:
This subclass is indented under subclass 147. Device wherein
the open-center figure does not form a closed (i.e., a
noninterrupted) path, but, instead, has two, distinct ends,
which ends, although facing more or less toward one another,
are misaligned from one another in a direction paralleling
the principal axis of the figure at such time as the figure
is not subjected to the axially directed loading imposed by
the tightening of the bolt or nut.
(1) Note. The misalignment results most frequently from the
fact that the ends are not directed exactly toward each
other; another example, however, is that of ends which are so
formed as to have a surface area which exceeds the area of a
section of the material and wherein, when forced into
abutting contact, the end surfaces engage as to only a
portion of their respective areas.
(2) Note. The open-center figure of this subclass most
commonly takes the form of a helix of slightly less than one
full turn.
(3) Note. The provision of means (e.g., the spacing of the
ends, the configuration of the ends, etc.) for preventing the
tendency, when handled in bulk, of two or more of the
open-center figures to interlink with one another appears
frequently in the art of this subclass.
(4) Note. The open-center figure of this subclass is
occasionally provided with a guard for confining the residue
in the event of breakage of the figure.
(5) Note. The open-center figure of this subclass is
sometimes fabricated from twisted, rectangular or square, bar
stock, thus providing the surface of the figure with
upstanding ribs which wind about it throughout its
circumference.
Subclass:
158
Contact surface contains a plurality of generally radially
extending ridges or grooves removed from the ends:
This subclass is indented under subclass 157. Device wherein
the open-center figure is formed with two or more projections
or recesses facing the bolt or nut or facing the
substructure, or with at least one projection or recess
facing the bolt or nut and at least one other projection or
recess facing the substructure, and further wherein the
projections or recesses have a length dimension whereby they
traverse, in a direction generally paralleling that of a
radian of the figure, that surface of the figure which faces
the bolt or nut or that surface thereof which faces the
substructure or both such surfaces, and additionally wherein
the plurality of projections or recesses is in addition to
any such projections or recesses as may be present at a
location proximate to either of the free ends of the figure.
(1) Note. The limitation which excludes projections or
recesses at or immediately adjacent the free ends is
necessitated by such extremely common practices as, for
example, imparting a chisel-like shape to an end, bending an
end slightly in an axial direction and thus forming a ridge
at the axis of the bend, and so forth.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
157 for an open-center figure proper for this area (157+)
having projections in the nature of spirally wound ribs, as
explained in (5) Note of that subclass.
Subclass:
159
Cross section other than rectangular:
This subclass is indented under subclass 157. Device wherein
the material from which the figure is fabricated displays, in
section, something other than a four-sided polygon having 90
deg. corners.
Subclass:
160
Closed loop having plural variations in the profile of a
contact surface or a peripheral edge thereof:
This subclass is indented under subclass 147. Device wherein
the open-center figure is a closed one of a more or less
circular nature and has regions (e.g., contact surfaces)
which face generally oppositely and which have a radial
extent determined by the inner periphery and the outer
periphery of the figure, and wherein at least one region, or
at least one periphery, is formed with a pattern of recurring
changes in the figure's dimension in an axial direction
(i.e., its effective thickness).
Subclass:
161
Variations comprise generally radially extending ridges or
grooves:
This subclass is indented under subclass 160. Device wherein
the pattern of recurring changes in the figure's dimension in
an axial direction is formed by a plurality of projections or
recesses which traverse one or both regions from adjacent one
periphery of such a region to adjacent the other periphery
and, more often than not, along the shortest path (i.e., a
radian) therebetween.
(1) Note. Included herein also, for example, are
projections or ridges which (a) are slightly askew to a
radian or (b) describe a somewhat curved path between the
peripheries.
Subclass:
162
Variations comprise circumferentially spaced projections or
recesses inset from both peripheries:
This subclass is indented under subclass 160. Device wherein
the pattern of recurring changes in the figure's dimension in
an axial direction is formed by a plurality of raised or
depressed portions within one or both of the regions, which
portions are spaced inwardly from the figure's outer
periphery and outwardly from its inner periphery and are
spaced from one another along an annular path.
(1) Note. In the instance of a figure formed (e.g.,
stamped) from thin material, the structure which comprises a
raised portion within one region usually comprises a
depressed portion within the other region.
Subclass:
163
Variations are teeth located along a periphery:
This subclass is indented under subclass 160. Device wherein
the pattern of recurring changes in the figure's dimension in
an axial direction is formed by a plurality of toothlike
projections positioned at, in or on one or both of the
peripheries of the figure.
(1) Note. The teeth frequently owe the bulk of their axial
dimension to being turned or twisted, each about its base.
Subclass:
164
Both peripheries:
This subclass is indented under subclass 163. Device wherein
the tooth like projections are at, in or on both the inner
periphery and the outer periphery of the figure.
Subclass:
165
Each twisted about its radial axis:
This subclass is indented under subclass 163. Device wherein
the toothlike projections either are located along the outer
periphery of the figure and extend radially away therefrom or
are located along the inner periphery and extend toward the
figure's longitudinal axis therefrom, and, in either
instance, the toothlike projections each follow generally the
path of a radian and are each given a twist about the axis of
such a radian.
Subclass:
166
Design of fastener or substructure restricts rotation:
This subclass is indented under subclass 81. Device wherein
the means for either preventing or limiting turning of a
specific bolt or nut relative to its substructure resides in
one or more structural characteristics (e.g., configuration,
composition, etc.) of one or another of the bolt, or the nut,
or the substructure.
(1) Note. If the structural characteristic of at least one
of the cooperating members (bolt, nut or substructure) is
something more than a flat (i.e., a bearing) surface,
classification is here; however, if both of any two
cooperating members afford no more than surfaces of a planar
nature, and those surfaces are parallel to one other,
classification is elsewhere (e.g., below, as an externally,
or internally, threaded fastener, per se.)
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
81 for a collection of art wherein the means for preventing
or limiting turning resides in a structural characteristic of
a bolt, nut or substructure, as is provided for in this area
(166+), but wherein a plurality of bolts and nuts are
involved.
83 for a threaded bolt or nut and means for restricting the
rotation of one or both relative to a coacting substructure
and wherein the means comprises at least one element which is
in addition to the bolt, nut, or substructure and also is (a)
movable relative to the bolt, nut or substructure or (b)
separable therefrom or (c) connected without distortion
thereto.
190 for a threaded bolt and nut and means for coupling them
against relative rotation. It is appropriate to observe here
that, while the instances of coupling (a) a bolt and a nut to
a substructure, or (b) a nut to a substructure, clearly are
provided for in this area (166+) and would not get to that
area (190+), the instance of coupling (c) a bolt to a
substructure sometimes presents a less straightforward
proposition, because the "substructure" may have some
attributes of a static structure (for 166+), but may also, in
other respects, appear to act very much in the nature of a
nut (for 190+); accordingly, when a situation of that kind
arises, consideration should be given to placing copies of
the patent in both areas (166+ and 190+).
Subclass:
167
Lock nut type on fastener:
This subclass is indented under subclass 166. Device wherein
there is also provided, on one or the other, or both, of the
bolt or nut, thread structure of a kind which serves to
couple one to the other to restrict rotation therebetween.
(1) Note. The thread lock of this subclass ordinarily is
separate from and not directly related to the means by which
the bolt or nut is restricted in rotation relative to the
substructure.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
105 for the reference to a thread lock appearing in (2) Note
thereof.
106 for a threaded fastener (i.e., a bolt or nut) and means
for restricting the rotation thereof relative to a coacting
substructure and wherein the means includes a restricting
member and further wherein the member is preassembled with
the substructure at a through-passage or a recess therein for
holding a bolt or nut in coaxial relation with the
through-passage or recess and additionally wherein means
(e.g., a thread lock) is provided for coupling the bolt and
the nut to one another.
118 for a threaded fastener (i.e., a bolt or nut) and means
for restricting the rotation thereof relative to a coacting
substructure and wherein the means includes a restricting
member and further wherein the bolt or nut, or a coaxial
adjunct therefor, has a sidewardly facing flat or formation
engaged by a portion of the member (e.g., a side lock) and
additionally wherein a thread lock is provided for coupling
the bolt (or nut) to a complementary nut (or bolt).
168 for a device of this area (166+), but wherein the means
includes or consists of a thread lock between a bolt and a
substructure, the latter functioning as a nut insofar as the
bolt is concerned.
259 for a threaded bolt and nut and means for coupling them
against relative rotation and wherein the means is proximate
to and involves the region of their threaded interengagement
(i.e., a thread lock).
Subclass:
168
Including a lock thread:
This subclass is indented under subclass 166. Device wherein
the rotation restricting means either includes as a portion
thereof, or else consists wholly of, thread structure, on one
or the other or both of the bolt and the substructure with
which it is in threaded engagement, of a kind which serves to
couple one to the other.
(1) Note. The substructure functions here as a nut insofar
as the bolt is concerned.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
105 106, 118, and 259+, each as explained in the reference
thereto appearing in subclass 167 above.
167 for a device of this area (166+), but wherein, in
addition to the means for restricting the rotation of the
bolt or nut relative to a substructure, there is also
provided a thread lock for coupling the bolt to its nut.
Subclass:
169
Mass of bolt head or nut offset from fastener longitudinal
axis:
This subclass is indented under subclass 166. Device wherein
the mass of either the head of the bolt or of the nut is not
centered on the longitudinal axis thereof, whereby, when that
axis is horizontal or significantly so, there will be a
tendency for the bolt or nut, if properly oriented, to both
oppose turning in an unthreading direction and encourage
turning in the opposite direction.
Subclass:
170
Nut and washer type formed from single blank folded over
substructure:
This subclass is indented under subclass 166. Device wherein
the nut and structure (e.g., a washer) which will be axially
aligned therewith and positioned between the nut and the
substructure, but which remains integral with the nut, are
formed in a more or less planar length of stock material and
folded one over the other to place the aperture and the
threaded opening of the nut in alignment with one another.
(1) Note. The inherent resiliency of the "hinge" portion
connecting the nut and apertured spacer is sometimes relied
upon to increase the resistance of the nut to turning
relative to the substructure.
(2) Note. A plurality of spacers for the nut may be
obtained by forming plural apertures in the stock material
and then folding it over the appropriate number of times.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
147 for the reference to this subclass (170) appearing
therein.
Subclass:
171
Bolt or nut adapted to be fused directly to substructure
(e.g., weld nut):
This subclass is indented under subclass 166. Device wherein
a bolt or nut is so formed or shaped (e.g., with one or more
flanges, projections, etc.) or otherwise adapted to be united
by fusion, without the benefit of additional material, to a
substructure, the weld involving a mutual melting and flowing
together of a portion of the material of the bolt or nut and
a portion of the material of the substructure.
(1) Note. The art of this subclass may claim only the
subcombination of the bolt or nut.
(2) Note. Prominent in the art of this subclass is a "weld
nut" which is, most commonly, a metallic nut having one or
more projections (e.g., lugs) which are intended to be fused
(e.g., by spot welding) to the substructure to unite the nut
therewith.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
82 for a threaded fastener (i.e., a bolt or nut) and means
for restricting the rotation thereof relative to a coacting
substructure and wherein there is provided additional
material which has a settable state; included therein is the
fusible joining of a bolt or nut to a substructure if
additional material (e.g., weld rod, chemical solvent) is
utilized in doing so.
257 and 258, each as explained in the reference thereto
appearing in subclass 82 above.
Subclass:
172
Nut having a portion for attachment to substructure:
This subclass is indented under subclass 166. Device wherein
the structural characteristic comprises the formation of the
nut, and of structure for retaining the nut in a particular
relationship with an aperture that is formed in the
substructure for the purpose of receiving the bolt, as a
single element, and wherein the element makes contact with
the substructure at one or more locations on each of its
oppositely (i.e., outwardly) facing surfaces.
(1) Note. Frequently, the substructure of the definition is
one of two panels which are being joined in a facing
relationship, the other panel having an aperture for
receiving a bolt as it passes through that panel enroute to
the first panel and its nut.
Subclass:
173
Means to engage extends through aperture:
This subclass is indented under subclass 172. Device wherein
the single element rests, in part, against one of the
surfaces of the substructure and has a portion (e.g., an arm,
tongue, etc.) which passes through the aperture for the bolt
enroute to establishing contact with the other surface of the
substructure.
(1) Note. The provision and utilization of at least one
opening in the substructure, which opening is in addition to
the aperture for the bolt, for the passage of a portion which
is the equivalent of the portion of this subclass, appears in
subclass 172 above.
Subclass:
174
Means to engage grasps an edge of substructure:
This subclass is indented under subclass 172. Device wherein
the single element is, at least in part, U-shaped for the
purpose of being forced over an edge portion of the
substructure.
(1) Note. "Edge" refers to an outer boundary of the
substructure, which substructure usually is in the nature of
a panel.
Subclass:
175
And has projection contacting periphery of aperture:
This subclass is indented under subclass 174. Device wherein
the single element includes, on one of the arms of the U, a
detent, finger, lip, etc., directed toward the other arm for
engaging the periphery of the aperture provided in the
substructure for the bolt.
(1) Note. The detent, etc., usually is for the purpose of
anchoring the element until such time as the bolt can be
threaded into the nut portion of the element.
Subclass:
176
Fastener having a deformable portion or deforms substructure
(e.g., prong):
This subclass is indented under subclass 166. Device wherein
the structural characteristic comprises the inclusion in one
or more of the bolt or the nut or the substructure of at
least one region (e.g., area, portion, etc.) which is
inherently capable of (a) undergoing a significant change
(e.g., a distortion) in configuration or shape, which change
may be either elastic or plastic in nature, (b) causing such
a change in another of the bolt, nut or substructure, or
(c) causing such a change in another, and, either in reaction
thereto or as a result of another force, undergoing a change
in its own configuration or shape.
(1) Note. The capability of one region for causing
deformation in another region usually is a matter of the
hardness of one relative to that of the other.
Subclass:
177
Nut assembled to substructure utilizing cooperating regions
on both:
This subclass is indented under subclass 176. Device wherein
a nut and a substructure, each having a
deformable/deformation-producing region, are joined to one
another, and wherein, as a result of the joining, the region
of one deforms, or is deformed by, or both, the corresponding
region of the other.
(1) Note. The assembly with which this and the indented
subclasses are concerned is that of the nut to the
substructure prior to the threading of a bolt with the nut.
Subclass:
178
Nut is externally and internally threaded cylinder:
This subclass is indented under subclass 177. Apparatus
wherein the nut is tubular in nature and is threaded on its
outer surface, as well as internally, the outer thread
serving to engage the nut with the substructure when the nut
is inserted thereinto.
(1) Note. Here, the nut is often the deformation-producing
one of the cooperating members, and may, for example, deform
the substructure by creating, in an untapped bore thereof, a
thread mating with its own thread, or, if the bore is a
tapped one, may be provided at some other location with a
projection, such as a flange at its outermost end, for
interfering with, and deforming, a region of the
substructure.
(2) Note. The external thread need not be continuous, and,
in fact, may be fragmentary.
Subclass:
179
Nut penetrates substructure and anchors itself thereto (e.g.,
pierce nut):
This subclass is indented under subclass 177. Device wherein
the nut contains a deformation producing region which, when
cooperating with a tool couple in the nature of a ram and
anvil, is adapted to act as a cutter or die and move against
the substructure, or have the substructure moved against it,
with sufficient force to create an opening in the
substructure, which opening may (a) have its periphery, or
portions thereof, bent or otherwise distorted (e.g., swaged)
into a recess in an axially directed surface of the nut for
holding the nut fast to an axially directed surface of the
substructure, (b) provide an entrance to the bore of the nut
for the bolt which is to be received by the nut, (c) be
sufficiently large to receive the overall radial dimensions
of the nut and have its periphery forced radially inwardly to
fixedly engage the nut along its radially outwardly facing
surfaces and thus hold the nut in more or less coplanar
relationship with the substructure, or (d) otherwise serve in
anchoring the nut to the substructure.
(1) Note. The substructure frequently is in the nature of a
panel whose thickness is less than the axial dimension of the
nut.
(2) Note. The terms "clinching" or "clinch nut" appear
occasionally in the art of this subclass (179). While the
act of fastening a pierce nut to a substructure can properly
be described as clinching, a clinch nut is distinguishable
from a pierce nut on the basis that the former is intended to
be anchored at a preexisting opening. On the other hand, the
term "pierce or clinch nut", when properly applied, denotes a
nut which can be utilized either (a) to pierce an opening and
be clinched thereat or (b) to merely be clinched at an
existing opening. Other collections of clinch nuts are found
in subclasses 180 and 183 below.
Subclass:
180
Nut deforms wall of preformed opening in substructure during
assembly:
This subclass is indented under subclass 177. Device wherein
the substructure is provided with an aperture for the entry,
in an axial direction, of the nut, or at least a portion of
the axial dimension thereof, and wherein the substructure has
a deformable region which comprises the periphery of the
aperture, which periphery undergoes a change in
configuration, radially, or axially, during or subsequent to
the introduction of the nut thereinto.
(1) Note. The change in configuration may be, for example,
(a) a shearing off of portions of the wall of the aperture by
the forcing thereinto of a nut having a serrated, radially
outwardly facing surface, or (b) a bending out, from the
plane of the substructure, of the material surrounding the
aperture (e.g., the substructure is a thin panel).
(2) Note. The aperture in the instance of a substructure of
greater thickness than the axial dimension of the nut may
have an enlarged portion for the entry of the nut and another
smaller portion for the passage of the bolt shank.
(3) Note. It is not intended to include herein deformation
of the substructure which takes place at a location removed
from the periphery of the opening; e.g., by prongs or tangs
depending from a radially outwardly extending flange formed
on the nut.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
179 in regard to the reference to this subclass (180)
appearing in (2) Note thereof.
Subclass:
181
Both cooperating regions deformed:
This subclass is indented under subclass 177. Device wherein
the nut and the substructure each include a region which is
capable of undergoing a significant change in configuration
or shape and wherein the regions coact to undergo such a
change as a result of the joining.
(1) Note. The two regions may undergo change
simultaneously, or the change may be sequential.
Subclass:
182
Nonmetallic nut, resiliently deformable during assembly:
This subclass is indented under subclass 177. Device wherein
the nut is formed of other than metallic material (e.g., of
an elastomeric composition) and is elastically distorted,
momentarily or otherwise, while being joined to the
substructure.
(1) Note. The joining frequently involves the forcing of a
mounting portion of the nut into an opening in the
substructure which is somewhat smaller than the overall
dimensions, radially, of that portion.
Subclass:
183
Nut assembled to substructure by plastically deformable
region on nut:
This subclass is indented under subclass 176. Device wherein
a nut which contains a deformable region is joined to the
substructure by the permanent distortion of that region or a
portion thereof.
(1) Note. (1) Note of subclass 177 above is applicable
here, also.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
179 in regard to the reference to this subclass (183)
appearing in (2) Note thereof.
Subclass:
184
Region on inwardly facing surface of bolt head or nut:
This subclass is indented under subclass 176. Device wherein
the deformable/deformation-producing region of either a bolt
head or a nut occupies either a portion of or all of that
surface thereof which confronts the substructure.
Subclass:
185
Surface extends radially beyond flat sides of bolt head or
nut:
This subclass is indented under subclass 184. Device wherein
the bolt head or the nut includes a plurality of planar,
sidewardly facing surfaces (e.g., for engagement by a
wrench), and wherein the inwardly facing (i.e., the working)
surface of the bolt head or the nut is given a radial
dimension which is greater than the distance separating
opposite ones of the sidewardly facing surfaces.
Subclass:
186
And includes resilient flange:
This subclass is indented under subclass 185. Device wherein
the greater radial dimension of the inwardly facing surface,
or a portion of that dimension, is in the nature of an
elastically deformable lip.
Subclass:
187
Having axially directed projection or recess:
This subclass is indented under subclass 184. Device wherein
the substructure-confronting surface of the bolt head or the
nut includes at least one formation (e.g., a ridge, stud,
groove, hollow) which is raised or depressed in a direction
more or less normally thereto.
Subclass:
188
Plural, radially extending, and generally equally spaced:
This subclass is indented under subclass 187. Device wherein
the raised or depressed formations are two or more in number,
are each located at, and extend along, a line which
approximates a radian of the surface, and are spaced more or
less the same distance apart around the surface.
Subclass:
189
Surface deforms resiliently:
This subclass is indented under subclass 184. Device wherein
the deformation which occurs in the surface is elastic in
nature.
Subclass:
190
HAVING STRUCTURE TO RESTRICT ROTATION OF THREADED, MATING
PIECES (E.G., NUT LOCK):
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device
wherein an externally threaded element and an internally
threaded element are matingly engaged through the medium of
their threads, and wherein means is provided to restrict
(i.e., limit or prevent) the rotation, in at least the
unthreading direction, of one element relative to the other.
(1) Note. The means may range from as much as a plurality
of discrete members to as little as the configuration of the
thread of one of the elements; in the case of a plurality of
such members, only one of the members may be directly
involved in the restriction of rotation, the other, or
others, often serving only an auxiliary function (e.g.,
retaining the one in its operative position).
(2) Note. Infrequently, the internally threaded element
consists of at least two, more or less distinct, cooperating
parts (e.g., an inner, internally threaded sleeve and,
interengaged in some manner therewith, an outer shell, the
latter ordinarily having flat surfaces for engagement by a
wrench), in which instance the mating, threaded engagement
required for this subclass is considered to be that of the
inner part of the composite internally threaded element with
the externally threaded element.
(3) Note. Classification in this and the indented
subclasses is not precluded by the absence of a combination
of the two threaded elements, as long as it is clear that the
coupling means is intended for use with such a combination.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
81 for a threaded fastener (i.e., a bolt or nut) and means
for restricting the rotation thereof relative to a coacting
substructure.
166 in regard to the discussion therein of a peculiar kind
of art for which classification in both areas 166+ and 190+
should be considered.
Subclass:
191
Structure contacts nut piece side and is fixed to the nut:
This subclass is indented under subclass 190. Device
provided with one or more distinct members which restrict one
of the threaded elements from rotating by bearing against or
otherwise contacting at least one, more or less flat,
radially outwardly facing surface of that threaded element,
and which member, or at least one of them, also contacts the
other threaded element in such a manner as to restrict it,
too, from rotating.
Subclass:
192
And contacts mating piece side:
This subclass is indented under subclass 191. Device wherein
the other threaded element includes at least one, more or
less flat, radially outwardly facing surface, and at least
one of the distinct members rests against or otherwise
contacts one or more of the surfaces.
Subclass:
193
Utilizing a resilient characteristic of the member, or of a
discrete element:
This subclass is indented under subclass 192. Device wherein
either (a) an inherent property of resiliency on the part of
at least one of the distinct members or (b) the presence of a
distinct element having such a capability, is relied upon for
either (1) moving the distinct member into or from its
rotation restricting position or (2) keeping the distinct
member from becoming separated from its operative association
with one or the other of the threaded elements.
Subclass:
194
With a discrete, resilient element:
This subclass is indented under subclass 193. Device
provided with a distinct element or device of a resilient
nature for positioning or retaining the member.
Subclass:
195
Other element is a bolt, and member includes opening
configured to engage side flat thereon:
This subclass is indented under subclass 192. Device wherein
the other threaded element is the externally threaded one,
and wherein at least one of the distinct members includes an
aperture which is adapted by its configuration (e.g., a
square hole) to contact one or more of the more or less flat,
radially outwardly facing surfaces provided on the other
threaded element.
Subclass:
196
And further including spaced, axially extending legs for
engaging side flats on the nut:
This subclass is indented under subclass 195. Device wherein
at least one of the distinct members includes, also, portions
extending more or less normally to a plane containing the
aperture and having radially inwardly facing regions for
complementarily contacting the more or less flat, radially
outwardly facing surfaces of the one (i.e., the internally)
threaded element.
Subclass:
197
Structure is coaxial, distinct member (e.g., washer) that
restricts nut piece when fixed:
This subclass is indented under subclass 191. Device wherein
the one threaded element is the internally threaded one, and
the at least one, more or less flat, radially outwardly
facing surface is found on that threaded element.
Subclass:
198
Utilizing a resilient characteristic of the member, or of a
discrete element:
This subclass is indented under subclass 197. Device wherein
either (a) an inherent property of resiliency on the part of
at least one of the distinct members or (b) the presence of a
distinct element having such a capability, is relied upon for
either (1) moving the distinct member into or from its
rotation restricting position or (2) keeping the distinct
member from becoming separated from its operative association
with one or the other of the threaded elements.
Subclass:
199
Member comprises key movable laterally into engagement with
threaded elements:
This subclass is indented under subclass 198. Device wherein
at least one of the distinct members ordinarily comprises a
pin, wedge, clip, dog, etc., which is inserted by movement
from one side of the threaded elements toward, and more or
less normally to, their longitudinal axis, which pin, etc.,
usually is received in part in each of the threaded elements
and thus forms a positive interlock therebetween.
Subclass:
200
Member comprises key movable laterally into engagement with
threaded elements:
This subclass is indented under subclass 197. Device wherein
at least one of the distinct members ordinarily comprises a
pin, wedge, clip, dog, etc., which is inserted by movement
from one side of the threaded elements toward, and more or
less normally to, their longitudinal axis, which pin, etc.,
usually is received in part in each of the threaded elements
and thus forms a positive interlock therebetween.
Subclass:
201
Member includes plastically deformable portion:
This subclass is indented under subclass 197. Device wherein
the distinct member, or one of them, includes at least one
region which, when bent or otherwise reshaped, is adapted to
remain in its changed configuration (i.e., the elastic limit
of the material from which the member is formed has been
exceeded).
(1) Note. The reshaping may relate to the retaining of the
member in its operative position, rather than to the member's
function of restricting rotation.
Subclass:
202
Utilizing a resilient characteristic of the member, or of a
discrete element:
This subclass is indented under subclass 191. Device wherein
either (a) an inherent property of resiliency on the part of
at least one of the distinct members or (b) the presence of a
distinct element having such a capability, is relied upon for
either (1) moving the distinct member into or from its
rotation restricting position or (2) keeping the distinct
member from becoming separated from its operative association
with one or the other of the threaded elements.
Subclass:
203
With a discrete, resilient element:
This subclass is indented under subclass 202. Device
provided with a distinct element or device of a resilient
nature for positioning or retaining the member.
Subclass:
204
Structure is coaxial, distinct member (e.g., washer, key, or
nut portion) that restricts nut piece:
This subclass is indented under subclass 190. Device
provided with one or more distinct members having a
capability of restricting the rotation of at least the
internally threaded element, which member (or members) (a) is
positioned outwardly, at least in part, of the internally
threaded element (relative to the head end of the externally
threaded element) and (b) cooperates with that outwardly
facing portion of the internally threaded element to restrict
the rotation thereof.
(1) Note. The cooperation of the distinct member with the
internally threaded element may involve anything from the
engagement of a flat surface on one with a similar surface on
the other to the interlocking of rather elaborate formations
or both. Infrequently, the engagement may be that of an
axially directed extension on either the element or the
member within an axially facing recess (e.g., an annular one)
in the member or element, respectively.
Subclass:
205
Member includes pawl- or pivoting key-type portion engaging
threads:
This subclass is indented under subclass 204. Device wherein
at least one of the distinct members ordinarily comprises a
jointed pin, a hinged plate, a bendable rod, etc., which is
foldable or otherwise turnable into a position in which it
usually is received in part in each of the threaded elements
for locking one to the other.
Subclass:
206
Utilizing a resilient characteristic of the key, or of a
discrete element:
This subclass is indented under subclass 205. Device wherein
either (a) an inherent property of resiliency on the part of
the jointed pin, hinged plate, bendable rod, etc., or (b) the
presence of a distinct element having such a capability, is
relied upon for either (1) moving the jointed pin, etc., into
or from its locking position or (2) keeping the jointed pin,
etc., from becoming separated from its operative association
with one or the other of the threaded elements.
Subclass:
207
With a discrete, resilient element:
This subclass is indented under subclass 206. Device
provided with a distinct element or device of a resilient
nature for positioning or retaining the jointed pin, hinged
plate, bendable rod, etc.
Subclass:
208
And key engageable with aligned formations (e.g., grooves) in
axially outwardly facing portion of each threaded element:
This subclass is indented under subclass 207. Device wherein
the jointed pin, hinged plate, bendable rod, etc., when in
its locking position, rests in a channel, recess, slot, etc.,
formed in the axially outwardly facing portion of the
internally threaded element and also in a similar formation,
representing a prolongation of the first formation, in the
corresponding portion of the externally threaded element.
Subclass:
209
Member includes key, screw, tongue, etc. perpendicular to
threads:
This subclass is indented under subclass 204. Device wherein
at least one of the distinct members ordinarily comprises a
pin, wedge, clip, dog, etc., which is inserted by movement
from one side of the externally threaded and the internally
threaded elements toward, and more or less normally to, their
longitudinal axis, which pin, etc., usually is received in
part in each of the threaded elements and thus forms a
positive interlock therebetween.
Subclass:
210
Utilizing a resilient characteristic of the key, or of a
discrete element:
This subclass is indented under subclass 209. Device wherein
either (a) an inherent property of resiliency on the part of
the pin, wedge, clip, dog, etc., or (b) the presence of a
distinct element having such a capability, is relied upon for
either (1) moving the pin, etc., into or from its locking
position or (2) keeping the pin, etc., from becoming
separated from its operative association with one or the
other of the threaded elements.
Subclass:
211
With a discrete, resilient element:
This subclass is indented under subclass 210. Device
provided with a distinct element or device of a resilient
nature for positioning or retaining the pin, wedge, clip,
dog, etc.
(1) Note. Frequently, the distinct element is a coil
spring.
Subclass:
212
Including plastically deformable portion:
This subclass is indented under subclass 209. Device wherein
the pin, wedge, clip, dog, etc., has at least one region
which, when bent or otherwise reshaped, is adapted to remain
in its changed configuration (i.e., the elastic limit of the
material from which the pin, etc., is formed has been
exceeded).
(1) Note. The reshaping may relate to the retaining of the
member in its operative position, rather than to the member's
function of restricting rotation.
Subclass:
213
Comprising an elongated element divided longitudinally (e.g.,
a cotter pin):
This subclass is indented under subclass 212. Device wherein
the element is in the nature of a pin and is split along its
longitudinal axis through a substantial portion of its
length.
Subclass:
214
Member includes screw receivable in an axially extending,
internally threaded bore:
This subclass is indented under subclass 204. Device wherein
the member takes the form of a screw (e.g., a machine screw)
and engages the axially outwardly facing portion of the
internally threaded element either by way of a head formed on
the screw or by way of an additional member located between,
and cooperating with, the screw and the portion, and further
wherein the externally threaded element is provided with a
bore which is internally threaded and extends more or less
longitudinally of the element, which bore receives at least a
portion of the shank of the screw.
Subclass:
215
With an additional member between screw and axially outwardly
facing portion:
This subclass is indented under subclass 214. Device
provided with an additional member (e.g., an apertured plate,
a washer, etc.) located in intervening relationship to the
screw and the axially outwardly facing portion of the
internally threaded element, thereby substituting for, or
supplementing, the screw in engaging that portion.
Subclass:
216
Member or portion includes an axially disposed key:
This subclass is indented under subclass 204. Device wherein
at least one of the distinct members consists in large part
of a portion resembling a dowel, pin, rod, etc., which
portion is positioned generally parallel to the longitudinal
axis of the threaded elements and usually is received in part
in each of them, thus tending to form a positive interlock
therebetween.
Subclass:
217
Key coacts with bolt by occupying an axially extending recess
formed in the radially outward surface thereof:
This subclass is indented under subclass 216. Device wherein
the externally threaded element receives the elongated
portion of the member in a recess formed in its outer surface
and extending longitudinally thereof.
Subclass:
218
And includes a portion adapted to extend into a transverse
opening provided in the bolt:
This subclass is indented under subclass 217. Device wherein
the member includes a footlike portion extending at more or
less a right angle to the remainder thereof for entering an
opening formed into or through the externally threaded
element at about 90 deg. to the longitudinal axis thereof.
(1) Note. The footlike portion frequently performs a
retaining function.
Subclass:
219
And includes a portion adapted to engage a substantial part
of the periphery of the bolt:
This subclass is indented under subclass 217. Device wherein
the member includes a portion which is circular or partly
circular in configuration, or can be shaped into such a
configuration, for engaging the externally threaded element
along a path representing the circumference, or a significant
part of the circumference, thereof.
Subclass:
220
And includes a region plastically deformable into engagement
with the axially outwardly facing portion:
This subclass is indented under subclass 217. Device wherein
at least that part of the member which is intended to engage
the axially outwardly facing portion of the internally
threaded element is bent or otherwise deformed beyond its
elastic limit when moved into engagement with that portion.
Subclass:
221
Member or portion includes piece that interlocks with an
axially extending recess or slot in a bolt and a recess in an
axially outwardly facing side of a nut:
This subclass is indented under subclass 204. Device wherein
the member includes a formation in the nature of a radially
inwardly directed projection for entering a groove or related
opening formed in the externally threaded element and
extending parallel to the longitudinal axis thereof, and also
includes another formation whereby it engages against
rotation a depressed region in the axially outwardly facing
portion of the internally threaded element.
(1) Note. The first mentioned formation usually has only a
minimal axial dimension.
(2) Note. The second mentioned formation often comprises
the configuration of the outer periphery of the member.
Subclass:
222
Internally threaded locking member (e.g., jam nut):
This subclass is indented under subclass 204. Device wherein
at least one of the distinct members comprises a second
internally threaded element which is in threaded engagement
with the externally threaded element and is located axially
outwardly, at least in part, of the first (i.e., the primary)
internally threaded element.
(1) Note. While the thread gripping locking members of
subclasses 246+ below sometimes engage the thread of the
externally threaded element in a manner similar to that of
the member of this and the indented subclasses, the
engagement there (246+) should be, at a maximum, somewhat
less that 360 deg.. If the threaded engagement of the member
with the externally threaded element takes place through 360
deg. or more, classification in this subclass (222) and the
indented subclasses is indicated.
Subclass:
223
Including means associated with at least one of the nuts for
restricting rotation therebetween:
This subclass is indented under subclass 222. Device which
includes means (a) formed on or carried by one or both of the
internally threaded elements, (b) consisting of another
distinct member and located between the elements, or (c)
otherwise associated with the elements, which means limits or
prevents (*) the turning of one of the elements with respect
to the other. (*) It should be observed that, in the jam nut
art, the ceasing of further turning of the internally
threaded elements relative to one another may mean that no
greater degree of coupling can be attained than that which
existed at the time that the two elements commenced to move
as one.
Subclass:
224
Key received in part in each of the nuts:
This subclass is indented under subclass 223. Device wherein
the means comprises a distinct member, such as a pin, a
portion of which resides in each of the internally threaded
elements.
Subclass:
225
Including a plastically deformable portion:
This subclass is indented under subclass 224. Device wherein
the member includes at least one region which, when bent or
otherwise reshaped, is adapted to remain in its changed
configuration (i.e., the elastic limit of the material from
which the member is formed has been exceeded).
(1) Note. The reshaping may relate to the retaining of the
member in its operative position, rather than to the member's
function of preventing relative rotation.
Subclass:
226
Received in axially extending passages or recesses:
This subclass is indented under subclass 224. Device wherein
one portion of the member occupies at least a portion of a
groove, hole, slot, etc., which generally parallels the
longitudinal axis of one of the internally threaded elements,
and another portion of the member occupies a similar
formation in the other element.
Subclass:
227
Comprising one or more discrete members serving as a pawl and
ratchet:
This subclass is indented under subclass 223. Device wherein
the means comprises one or more distinct members of which (a)
one is either a pawl (e.g., a biased arm, dog, finger, etc.)
or a ratchet (e.g., a series of teeth of asymmetrical
profile), in which event the counterpart ratchet or pawl,
respectively, is an integral part of one of the internally
threaded elements, or (b) one member is a pawl and another
member is a ratchet and each is carried, at least in part,
either by one of the elements or by yet another member
cooperating with that element, and wherein, in either (a) or
(b), the function of the pawl and ratchet is to restrict
rotation to a greater degree in one direction than in the
other.
(1) Note. A pawl carried by, for example, a washer
constitutes subject matter for this subclass.
Subclass:
228
Inherently resilient pawl:
This subclass is indented under subclass 227. Device wherein
the source of bias for the pawl is the use of material (e.g.,
sheet metal) having a significant degree of elasticity for
fashioning the pawl.
Subclass:
229
Axially directed, resiliently biased detent means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 223. Device wherein
the internally threaded elements are secured against relative
rotation by spring urged, depressible protuberance means
which are carried by one of the internally threaded elements
and which are adapted to be received in recess means in the
other such elements.
Subclass:
230
Canted element:
This subclass is indented under subclass 223. Device wherein
either of the internally threaded elements or a washer in
association therewith is wedge-shaped or has eccentrically
arranged protuberance means thereon which causes the elements
in the assembly to become tilted with respect to each other,
thereby producing a binding of the mating threads.
Subclass:
231
With means resiliently biasing the nuts apart:
This subclass is indented under subclass 223. Device wherein
the internally threaded elements are urged in axially
opposite directions by a springlike force to cause frictional
binding with the threads of the externally threaded element.
(1) Note. The resilient bias may be inherent in the
material from which the elements are formed.
Subclass:
232
Side lock:
This subclass is indented under subclass 223. Device wherein
the internally threaded elements are secured against relative
rotation by means cooperating with one or more sidewardly
facing, substantially planar surfaces on at least one of the
elements.
Subclass:
233
Integral deformable means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 232. Device wherein
the side lock comprises a portion of the unitary structures
of one of the internally threaded elements, which portion is
deformed beyond its elastic limit into engagement with a side
surface of the other of the internally threaded elements.
Subclass:
234
By a discrete element:
This subclass is indented under subclass 232. Device wherein
the side lock comprises an element which is separate and
distinct from the internally threaded elements.
(1) Note. Included herein is a side lock which is spring
biased into engagement with the elements.
Subclass:
235
Periphery encompassing means (e.g., a sleeve):
This subclass is indented under subclass 234. Device wherein
the side lock comprises an element which surrounds at least a
part of each of the internally threaded elements.
Subclass:
236
Including plastic deformation (e.g., bending) of the discrete
element:
This subclass is indented under subclass 234. Device wherein
the side lock element assumes its locking position by being
deformed beyond its elastic limit.
Subclass:
237
Having a part of one or the nuts extending into a circular,
axially directed recess of the other, and further including,
in the region of the recess, formations cooperating to
restrict relative rotation:
This subclass is indented under subclass 223. Device wherein
one of the internally threaded elements includes an axially
directed portion which enters an axially directed enlargement
of part of the axial dimension of the opening provided in the
other internally threaded element for receiving the
externally threaded element, and wherein the elements
include, within the axial dimension common to both,
structural features which coact to limit or prevent the
turning, in at least one direction, of one of the elements
with respect to the other.
(1) Note. Infrequently, another distinct member (see
subclass 223 above) is located within the axial dimension
common to both of the internally threaded elements and
contributes to the limiting or preventing of turning.
Subclass:
238
At least one of the formations comprises a surface eccentric
to the longitudinal axis of the nuts:
This subclass is indented under subclass 237. Device wherein
one of the structural features is a surface generated about
an axis (or axes, if of varying curvature) which is offset
from the longitudinal axis of the elements, and further
wherein a slight rotation of one of the elements relative to
the other brings that surface into binding engagement with a
surface on the other element, which latter surface either is
not eccentric or, if eccentric, is of a different
eccentricity.
(1) Note. The engagement of the member (here, the secondary
internally threaded element) with the axially outwardly
facing portion of the internally threaded element (here, the
primary such element) required by subclass 204 may be
somewhat remote in the art of this subclass (238); however,
the eccentricity proposition involved appears sufficiently
peculiar to the jam nut concept to warrant its inclusion with
that art.
Subclass:
239
Including cooperating formations on the axially opposing
portions of the nuts:
This subclass is indented under subclass 223. Device wherein
both of the internally threaded elements are formed with, on
the portions thereof which occupy an axially confronting
relationship, surface configurations which interact with each
other to limit or prevent the turning, in at least one
direction, of one of the elements with respect to the other.
(1) Note. Infrequently, another distinct member (see
subclass 223 above) is located between the internally
threaded elements and contributes to the limiting or
preventing of turning (e.g., by providing one of the
confronting sets of surface configurations).
Subclass:
240
Comprising teeth of the ramp and buttress type:
This subclass is indented under subclass 239. Device wherein
the surface configurations formed on each internally threaded
element comprise a plurality of projections of the kind
which, in profile, display a gradual slope leading to the
outermost region of the projection followed by a sharp (e.g.,
a perpendicular) drop to a base line.
Subclass:
241
Comprising surfaces of a curvilinear nature:
This subclass is indented under subclass 239. Device wherein
the surface configurations formed on each internally threaded
element are rounded or undulating in character.
(1) Note. The interaction of the surface configurations may
involve only certain portions thereof at any one rotational
position of the elements relative to one another.
Subclass:
242
Plastic deformation of at least one of the nuts:
This subclass is indented under subclass 223. Device wherein
the means preventing rotation between the internally threaded
elements comprises a portion of one of the elements being
deformed beyond its elastic limit.
Subclass:
243
Reversed internal and external threads on one of the nuts:
This subclass is indented under subclass 223. Device wherein
one of the internally threaded elements is formed with
external threads of a hand opposite to its internal thread
which are adapted to be engaged by either the other of the
internally threaded elements or by an extraneous locking
means.
Subclass:
244
Oppositely threaded:
This subclass is indented under subclass 223. Device wherein
one of the internally threaded elements has a right-hand
thread while the other has a left-hand thread, and the
externally threaded element includes threaded portions mating
with each of them.
Subclass:
245
Intersecting threads on the bolt:
This subclass is indented under subclass 244. Device wherein
the right-hand and left-hand threads on the externally
threaded element are formed in overlapping relationship so as
to define a crossed-threaded arrangement.
Subclass:
246
By thread-gripping locking element:
This subclass is indented under subclass 204. Device wherein
at least one of the distinct members comprises an element
which exerts a tight holding action, usually at
circumferentially spaced locations, upon the thread of at
least one of the threaded elements.
(1) Note. The thread which is gripped by the member
ordinarily is that of the externally threaded element.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
222 and see (1) Note thereof for the line between the member
of that subclass (222) and the member of this subclass
(246).
Subclass:
247
Resilient grip:
This subclass is indented under subclass 246. Device wherein
the locking member is urged into engagement with the threads
by spring biasing means.
(1) Note. The spring biasing means may comprise the
inherent resiliency of the material from which the locking
member is formed.
Subclass:
248
Split ring:
This subclass is indented under subclass 247. Device wherein
the locking member comprises a resilient element which
defines the major portion, but less than all, of a normally
closed figure such as an annulus or a polygon.
(1) Note. The break in the figure sometimes serves to
facilitate assembly of the element with the threaded
elements.
Subclass:
249
Including structure interfitting within a thread for less
than a full turn thereof:
This subclass is indented under subclass 248. Device wherein
the split ring includes a thin, radially inwardly facing
projection which enters into a turn of the thread of the
threaded element and follows that thread through something
less than 360 deg..
(1) Note. The projection may be discontinuous (e.g., a
series of inwardly directed prongs or tongues).
Subclass:
250
Wire structure:
This subclass is indented under subclass 246. Device wherein
the locking member is formed from a stock material in the
nature of a thin, metal rod which is resiliently flexible.
Subclass:
251
Helically coiled wire:
This subclass is indented under subclass 250. Device wherein
the wire locking member is wound into a spiral element.
Subclass:
252
Including a fee end in nonrotational engagement with the
threaded element:
This subclass is indented under subclass 251. Device wherein
the coiled wire locking member includes an end portion
cooperating with means on the internally threaded element to
prevent relative rotation between the locking member and said
element.
Subclass:
253
Gripping member includes a tapered section adapted to be
axially depressed to cause radial movement of a portion
thereof:
This subclass is indented under subclass 246. Device wherein
the locking member is formed with an axially extending
portion which is inclined with respect to the axis of the
threaded elements and wherein a free end of said portion is
caused to be moved into engagement with the thread on one of
the threaded elements upon the application of an axially
directed force to said portion.
(1) Note. The tapered section may include inwardly directed
tang means.
Subclass:
254
Gripping member is moved radially into engagement with the
threads:
This subclass is indented under subclass 246. Device wherein
the locking member assumes the thread gripping position upon
being moved toward or from, and generally perpendicular to,
the axis of the threaded elements.
(1) Note. The member is sometimes moved into its gripping
position by applying a radially inwardly directed force for
constricting its periphery.
Subclass:
255
Including discrete means to move or to lock the gripping
member relative to the externally threaded element:
This subclass is indented under subclass 254. Device wherein
an additional element is provided which either moves the
locking member to cause it to grip the externally threaded
element, or secures it in that position, or both.
(1) Note. The means is sometimes applied by moving it in an
axial direction.
Subclass:
256
Gripping member is moved tangentially into engagement with
the threads:
This subclass is indented under subclass 246. Device wherein
the locking member assumes a holding position by being moved
into engagement with the threaded element along a path which
lies in planes both perpendicular and parallel to the axis of
said element.
Subclass:
257
Including material in the nature of (1) a metallic coating,
(2) a quantity of fusible metal or (3) a discrete member
formed of ductile material:
This subclass is indented under subclass 190. Device wherein
the means comprises or includes either (a) a metallic
composition which has been applied as a layer on the surface
of at least a part of the interengaging portions of the
threaded elements, (b) a supply, or a member, of a metal
which is subjected to melting and rehardening or (c) a
distinct member of a metal which is sufficiently soft (e.g.,
malleable) as to yield upon the application of a relatively
small amount of force.
Subclass:
258
Including settable material:
This subclass is indented under subclass 190. Device wherein
the means comprises or includes a quantity of a substance
which is hardenable from the relatively soft or flowable
state in which it is applied to at least one of the threaded
elements into a firm or rigid state in which it holds, or
assists in holding, the threaded elements against rotation
relative to one another.
(1) Note. Included herein, for example, is the use of an
adhesive to create a force tending to hold two parts
together, or the use of a chemical solvent which, with or
without the assistance of a physical treatment (e.g., heat)
molecularly intermingles with and unites two parts.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
257 for a threaded bolt and nut coupled against rotation by
means which may include metallic material of a fusible
nature.
Subclass:
259
Comprising a thread lock:
This subclass is indented under subclass 190. Device wherein
the rotation restricting means comprises either the thread
structure of one of the other of the threaded elements, or
the interaction of the threads of one element upon the
threads of the other element, or the action of an additional
element upon the threads of one or the other or both of the
threaded elements.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
167 for a threaded fastener (i.e., a bolt or nut) and means
for restricting the rotation thereof relative to a coacting
substructure and wherein the means comprises the structure of
the bolt, nut or substructure and further wherein a
bolt-to-nut thread lock is also provided; see also the search
notes of that subclass for other subclasses of this class
which include a thread lock.
222 for a coupled bolt and nut which includes a rotation
restricting member which coacts with the axially outwardly
facing portion of the internally threaded element and wherein
that member is an additional internally threaded element, in
which art, it may be observed, the action of one internally
threaded element upon the other, and the resultant reaction
of each upon the thread of the externally threaded element,
often is the basis for the coupling achieved.
Subclass:
260
Including a distortable metallic washer or sleeve:
This subclass is indented under subclass 259. Device wherein
the rotation restricting means includes a substantially
annular member of more or less readily deformable metal which
is disposed in concentric relationship with the threaded
elements and moves, upon deformation, into tight engagement
with the threads of at least one of the elements.
Subclass:
261
In the nature of a dished washer:
This subclass is indented under subclass 260. Device wherein
the member is a washer which is concave on one of its axially
directed faces and is adapted (e.g., by having a convex,
opposite face) to be axially collapsed by the application of
a compressive force, thus causing its inner and outer
peripheries to shift radially, at least one of them moving
into engagement with the threads on one of the threaded
elements.
Subclass:
262
Including a coil spring:
This subclass is indented under subclass 259. Device wherein
the rotation restricting means includes a helically wound
resilient wire which grips the threads on one or both of the
threaded elements.
Subclass:
263
Differential thread means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 259. Device wherein
a discrete locking member is provided with threads which
engage complementary threads on either of the threaded
elements causing the mating threads on said elements to be
biased axially into tight, frictional engagement.
(1) Note. The threads on the locking member may be of a
different pitch and/or hand from those on the mating threaded
elements.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
312 in regard to the reference to this subclass (263)
appearing in (1) Note thereof.
Subclass:
264
Rocking thread section on the externally threaded element:
This subclass is indented under subclass 259. Device wherein
the externally threaded element includes a section of the
threads which comprises a separate element, pivotal between a
position wherein the leading threads thereon are within the
confines of the adjacent threads on the element and a second
position, initiated by engagement with the internally
threaded element, wherein at least said leading threads
extend radially beyond said adjacent threads.
Subclass:
265
Including a tapered (e.g., conical) surface for wedging the
internally threaded element against the externally threaded
one:
This subclass is indented under subclass 259. Device wherein
the rotation restricting means includes a surface which
extends at an acute angle to the longitudinal axis of the
threaded elements, which surface is engaged by the internally
threaded element in such a manner that movement on the part
of that element causes it to be forced into ever-tighter
engagement with the externally threaded element.
(1) Note. The surface is usually one of revolution, such as
a cone, and may be either interrupted (i.e., a segmented
cone) or continuous.
(2) Note. The surface most often is smooth, but is, in some
instances, threaded.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
237 for a coupled bolt and nut which includes a rotation
restricting member which coacts with the axially outwardly
facing portion of the internally threaded element, and
wherein that member is an additional internally threaded
element, and further wherein there is included a means to
restrict the rotation of one internally threaded element
relative to the other one, and additionally wherein the
latter means comprises the extending of a portion of one of
the elements into a recess of the other element, which
portion and recess, it may be observed, sometimes involve a
conical interface.
Subclass:
266
Segmented internally threaded element:
This subclass is indented under subclass 265. Device wherein
wedging of the threads is facilitated by the internally
threaded element being longitudinally split.
(1) Note. The splitting may divide the element into
segments which are separate and distinct.
Subclass:
267
Discrete segments carried within a housing:
This subclass is indented under subclass 266. Device wherein
the internally threaded element is split into segments which
are separate and distinct and are disposed within a hollow
body member.
Subclass:
268
Including a discrete, threaded member carrying the tapered
surface and threadedly engaging one of the threaded
elements:
This subclass is indented under subclass 266. Device wherein
the tapered surface is a portion of a distinct member, which
member is threaded and is in threaded engagement with either
the externally threaded element or the internally threaded
element.
Subclass:
269
Engaging a threaded exterior provided on the segmented
element:
This subclass is indented under subclass 268. Device wherein
the distinct member is in threaded engagement with a thread
formed on the outer surface of the internally threaded
element.
Subclass:
270
Including a sleeve or washer type member for carrying the
tapered surface and surrounding the segmented element:
This subclass is indented under subclass 266. Device wherein
the tapered surface is a portion of a distinct member which
is annular, is of a greater or a lesser axial dimension than
the internally threaded element, and has an open, axially
outwardly facing end to enable insertion and removal of that
element.
(1) Note. The tapered surface may be provided with means
for engaging, against rotation, the openings which resulted
from splitting the internally threaded element.
Subclass:
271
Externally threaded element includes an axially extending
opening in its free end for receiving an expander member:
This subclass is indented under subclass 259. Device wherein
the externally threaded element includes, in that end which
is opposite its headed end, a longitudinal bore, cavity,
slot, etc., into which a distinct member of nonuniform
thickness (e.g., a cone, a wedge, etc.) is moved for forcing
a portion of the thread of that element generally radially
outwardly against a corresponding portion of the thread of
the internally threaded element.
(1) Note. While the distinct member ordinarily is a
component of the bolt and nut assembly, in rare cases it is a
spreader tool (e.g., a chisel) which is associated with the
assembly only momentarily.
(2) Note. While the distinct member frequently is driven
into the externally threaded element by axially directed
blows, it is sometimes pulled or pushed thereinto by the
turning of the elements into threaded interengagement.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
325 for a structurally similar opening and member, but
wherein the expansion of the externally threaded element does
not take place in the region of its threaded interengagement
with the other element.
Subclass:
272
Including camming surfaces on the threaded elements or on an
additional member:
This subclass is indented under subclass 259. Device wherein
eccentrically arranged surfaces on either the internally or
externally threaded elements or on a washer element cause the
mating threads to bind upon relative rotation between the
elements.
Subclass:
273
With a camming member having an eccentrically arranged recess
for receiving the internally threaded element:
This subclass is indented under subclass 272. Device wherein
a discrete camming member is provided having at least one end
of the internally threaded element disposed therein and
wherein the camming member and the threaded elements are
provided with cooperating camming surfaces.
Subclass:
274
Having an element, or with a discrete member, adapted to cant
the assembly:
This subclass is indented under subclass 259. Device wherein
either the internally threaded element, the externally
threaded element, or an additional member in association
therewith, is wedge-shaped, has eccentrically arranged
protuberance means thereon, or is otherwise adapted to cause
the elements in the assembly to become tilted with respect to
each other, thereby producing a binding of the mating
threads.
Subclass:
275
With a discrete, canting member (e.g., a washer):
This subclass is indented under subclass 274. Device wherein
an additional member is provided for effecting the canting of
the assembly, which member may be in the nature of a washer.
Subclass:
276
Having the internally threaded element distorted:
This subclass is indented under subclass 259. Device wherein
the internally threaded element is physically deformed either
before, during, or after its application to the externally
threaded element to cause the mating threads to become
lockingly engaged.
Subclass:
277
Radially inward distortion:
This subclass is indented under subclass 276. Device wherein
the internally threaded element is deformed in a direction
toward, and generally perpendicular to, the longitudinal axis
of the element.
Subclass:
278
With discrete means carried by the element for producing the
distortion:
This subclass is indented under subclass 277. Device wherein
the internally threaded element carries a separate means by
which the element is deformed.
(1) Note. In the event the discrete means comprises an
"additional internally threaded element" within the meaning
of subclasses 222+ above, classification there is proper.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
222 as explained in the reference thereto appearing in (1)
Note above.
Subclass:
279
Threaded means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 278. Device wherein
the distortion producing means comprises a threaded member
which is received in a substantially radially extending,
threaded aperture in the internally threaded element.
Subclass:
280
Of cantilevered segments (e.g., castlelated end):
This subclass is indented under subclass 277. Device wherein
the distroted portion of the internally threaded element
comprises sections at one end thereof defined by
circumferentially spaced, axially outwardly facing slots.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
266 for an internally threaded element of this area (259+)
which is of the segmented type and wherein a conical surface
is provided for wedging the segments toward an externally
threaded element.
Subclass:
281
Of circumferentially spaced areas of continuous periphery:
This subclass is indented under subclass 277. Device wherein
the internally threaded element is deformed inwardly at
locations spaced about an uninterrupted periphery thereof.
Subclass:
282
Defining a smooth curving, noncircular thread section (e.g.,
elliptically shaped):
This subclass is indented under subclass 281. Device wherein
the spaced, deformed portions blend smoothly into the
adjacent areas of the element to define the peripheral extent
of the threads as a noncircular, curvilinear configuration.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
291 and see the reference in (1) Note thereof to a
noncircular, threaded opening.
Subclass:
283
Impacted areas:
This subclass is indented under subclass 281. Device wherein
the spaced, deformed portions are the result of impacts
applied in the vicinity of each portion, thus causing the
threads there to be forced inwardly.
Subclass:
284
Located on the flats of a polygonally shaped element:
This subclass is indented under subclass 283. Device wherein
the outer periphery of the internally threaded element is
defined in cross section by a geometric figure comprising a
plurality of angularly related flat sides and wherein the
impacted areas are located on respective ones of those
sides.
Subclass:
285
Axial distortion:
This subclass is indented under subclass 276. Device wherein
the internally threaded element is deformed in a direction
generally parallel to its longitudinal axis.
Subclass:
286
With discrete means carried by the element for producing the
distortion:
This subclass is indented under subclass 285. Device wherein
the internally threaded element carries a separate means by
which it is deformed.
(1) Note. In the event the discrete means comprises an
"additional internally threaded element" within the meaning
of subclasses 222+ above, classification there is proper.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
222 as explained in the reference thereto appearing in (1)
Note above.
Subclass:
287
By axially directed impacted areas:
This subclass is indented under subclass 285. Device wherein
the distortion comprises areas of the endwalls of the element
having the material thereof compressed in a direction
substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of said
element, resulting in the convolutions of corresponding
thread portions being moved closer together to define a
reduced pitch in said portions.
Subclass:
288
Of axially spaced threaded sections:
This subclass is indented under subclass 285. Device wherein
the distortion is applied to portions of the thread which are
spaced apart in a longitudinal direction by undeformed thread
portions.
Subclass:
289
Coiled spring:
This subclass is indented under subclass 288. Device wherein
the distorted internally threaded element is in the form of a
helically wound wire.
Subclass:
290
Including a region displaceable generally axially relative to
another part of the element:
This subclass is indented under subclass 285. Device wherein
the internally threaded element includes at least one region
which is shiftable (e.g., by bending into a void) in a
direction more or less parallel to the longitudinal axis of
the element with respect to another part (e.g., remainder) of
the element for setting up a binding action between at least
some of the threads of that element and the threads of the
externally threaded element.
(1) Note. In most instances, the region includes at least
one thread for engaging the externally threaded element.
(2) Note. The shifting sometimes results from the advancing
movement of the externally threaded element through the
internally threaded element, but may result, instead, from
the region being collapsed as it is forced against a
substructure.
Subclass:
291
Having at least one region formed by a cut, slot, etc.,
across at least one sidewall of the element and extending
generally radially into the element:
This subclass is indented under subclass 290. Device wherein
at least one shiftable region is created by forming a
generally planar void (e.g., by a saw cut, by a preformed
lip, etc.) which starts in one or more of the sidewalls and
extends into and part way through the element in a direction
more or less normally to the longitudinal axis of the
element.
(1) Note. While the art of this subclass emphasizes the
binding action which results from the threads of the region
being moved axially relative to the threads of another part
of the element, it is occasionally disclosed that this
movement (ordinarily by bending) results in the threads of
the region presenting an other-than-exactly-circular opening
for receiving the threads of the bolt.
Subclass:
292
Including a longitudinal locking member:
This subclass is indented under subclass 259. Device which
includes a member in the nature of a key which extends
substantially parallel to the axis of the threaded elements
and bites into or binds against the threads of one or the
other of the elements.
Subclass:
293
Having a toothed surface:
This subclass is indented under subclass 292. Device wherein
that portion of the key which engages the threads is formed
with protuberance means.
(1) Note. The protuberance means may either mate with or
bite into the threads.
Subclass:
294
Including a radial locking member:
This subclass is indented under subclass 259. Device which
includes a member in the nature of a key which is moved
radially into engagement with the threads of the externally
threaded element.
Subclass:
295
Threadedly received in the internally threaded element:
This subclass is indented under subclass 294. Device wherein
the key is threadedly carried in a radially disposed bore in
the internally threaded element.
Subclass:
296
Side clutch:
This subclass is indented under subclass 259. Device wherein
a discrete locking member bites into the threads on either of
the threaded elements with the locking action resembling that
of a pawl and ratchet except that said threads have no
cooperating notches.
(1) Note. The engagement of the member of this subclass
(296) with the threaded element hereof is somewhat similar to
that of the member and element of subclass 300 below, except
that here there is toothed contact while in subclass 300
there is only line contact.
Subclass:
297
Roller:
This subclass is indented under subclass 296. Device wherein
the locking member is substantially cylindrical or conical
and is disposed in rolling engagement with a cam surface for
moving the member into binding engagement with the threads.
Subclass:
298
Ball:
This subclass is indented under subclass 296. Device wherein
the locking member is spherical and cooperates with a cam
surface for moving the member into binding engagement with
the threads.
Subclass:
299
Spring:
This subclass is indented under subclass 296. Device wherein
the locking member is resilient in nature.
Subclass:
300
Tangential locking member:
This subclass is indented under subclass 259. Device which
includes a member in the nature of a key which is carried by
the internally threaded element and engages the thread on the
externally threaded element along a straight line disposed
substantially parallel to the pitch of the thread.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
296 in regard to the comparison in (1) Note thereof of the
member-to-element contact in the respective subclasses.
Subclass:
301
Elastic gripping action:
This subclass is indented under subclass 259. Device wherein
at least one of the threaded elements or a member (e.g., a
washer, sleeve, etc.) in combination therewith is composed
wholly or partly of an elastomeric material which
frictionally grips one of the threads.
(1) Note. The elastomeric material may comprise a coating
of such material on one or more of the threaded surfaces.
Subclass:
302
Elastic insert:
This subclass is indented under subclass 301. Device wherein
the elastomeric material comprises an element of that
material carried by one of the threaded elements.
Subclass:
303
Disposed in a counterbore in the internally threaded
element:
This subclass is indented under subclass 302. Device wherein
the elastomeric material is carried in a circumferentially
extending counterbore which is concentric with the threaded
bore of the internally threaded element.
Subclass:
304
Disposed within an interruption of a threaded surface:
This subclass is indented under subclass 302. Device wherein
the elastomeric material is carried within a recess or
aperture which is within the threaded area thereby rendering
the threads discontinuous.
Subclass:
305
Externally threaded element adapted to be compressed radially
inwardly:
This subclass is indented under subclass 259. Device wherein
the externally threaded element is so formed (e.g., with a
threaded portion which has a hollow core, with a threaded
portion which is slotted longitudinally, etc.) that its
engagement with a mating internally threaded element results
in at least some displacement of its threaded surface in a
direction toward its longitudinal axis.
Subclass:
306
Resilient element:
This subclass is indented under subclass 305. Device wherein
the externally threaded element, or at least the threaded
portion thereof, is sufficiently resilient in nature (i.e.,
has a sufficiently high limit of elasticity) that, upon
removal of the internally threaded element, it expands
outwardly to its previous dimension.
Subclass:
307
Having threads of different pitch, or a thread of varying
pitch:
This subclass is indented under subclass 259. Device wherein
the locking is occasioned by either (a) the use of a thread
frequency on one of the threaded elements which is greater or
less than the thread frequency of the other threaded element
or (b) the use, on one of the threaded elements, of a thread
frequency which is different in one longitudinal region of
the element than in another longitudinal region thereof.
Subclass:
308
Involving dissimilarities in the sectional configuration of
the threads:
This subclass is indented under subclass 259. Device wherein
the locking is occasioned by a sufficient departure, on the
part of the thread of one of the threaded elements, from the
shape, in cross section, of the thread of the other threaded
element, that the two threads will no longer operatively
engage with one another without binding to one degree or
another.
(1) Note. The cross-sectional shape is that displayed by a
section containing the longitudinal axis of the elements.
Subclass:
309
Resulting in the deformation of one thread by the other:
This subclass is indented under subclass 308. Device wherein
one of the threads distorts the other thread to an extent
which exceeds its elastic limit.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
277 for deformation of the thread of an internally threaded
element (i.e., a nut) resulting from radially inwardly
distortion of the element.
285 for deformation of the thread of an internally threaded
element (i.e., a nut) resulting from axial distortion of the
element.
Subclass:
310
By integral, interference-producing deviations from a
standard thread shape:
This subclass is indented under subclass 309. Device wherein
the distortion is produced by the presence, on at least one
of the threads, of regions, integral with the material of the
thread, which extend beyond, at one or more locations, the
cross-sectional shape of a standard (e.g., a 60 deg.)
thread.
(1) Note. Included herein is art wherein the deviation
comprises the use of different flank angles on the threads
(i.e., the included angle of one of the threads is not the
same as the included angle of the other thread).
Subclass:
311
Located in the vicinity of the crest or the root of the
thread:
This subclass is indented under subclass 310. Device wherein
the regions occur either at the major, or the minor, diameter
of the thread.
Subclass:
312
Including means biasing the threads in axially opposed
directions:
This subclass is indented under subclass 259. Device wherein
the mating threads are forced into frictional engagement by
means urging the respective threads in opposed longitudinal
directions.
(1) Note. The means is sometimes a discrete locking member
as in subclass 263 above; if it is, however, it is not a
threaded member, as is the case there (263).
Subclass:
313
Washer having a deformable portion engageable with a threaded
element:
This subclass is indented under subclass 190. Device wherein
a washer element is provided having a portion which is bent
or otherwise deformed into locking engagement with one of the
threaded elements.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
201 for a coupled bolt and nut provided with one or more
distinct member which restrict rotation by engaging at least
one, more or less flat, radially outwardly facing surface of
the internally threaded element, and wherein the member, or
one of them, includes a region which is bent or otherwise
reshaped, plastically, into engagement with such a surface,
which member frequently is in the nature of a washer.
Subclass:
314
Resiliently deformable portion:
This subclass is indented under subclass 313. Device wherein
deformation of the washer is within the elastic limit of the
material of said washer.
Subclass:
315
With a member in the nature of a rotation preventing key
movable laterally into engagement with the threaded
elements:
This subclass is indented under subclass 190. Device
provided with one or more distinct members having a rotation
restricting capability and ordinarily comprising a pin,
wedge, clip, dog, etc., which pin, etc., is inserted by
movement from one side of the threaded elements toward, and
more or less normally to, their longitudinally axis and
usually is received in part in each of the threaded elements,
thus tending to form a positive interlock therebetween.
Subclass:
316
And utilizing a resilient characteristic of the key, or of a
discrete element:
This subclass is indented under subclass 315. Device wherein
either (a) an inherent property of resiliency on the part of
the pin, wedge, clip, dog, etc., or (b) the presence of a
distinct element having such a capability, is relied upon for
either (1) moving the pin, etc., into or from its locking
position or (2) keeping the pin, etc., from becoming
separated from its operative association with one or the
other of the threaded elements.
Subclass:
317
With a discrete, resilient element:
This subclass is indented under subclass 316. Device
provided with a distinct element or device of a resilient
nature for positioning or retaining the pin, wedge, clip,
dog, etc.
Subclass:
318
Comprising a spring of the coiled type:
This subclass is indented under subclass 317. Device wherein
the distinct element comprises a length of resilient wire
wound in the path of a helix or spiral.
Subclass:
319
And including a plastically deformable portion:
This subclass is indented under subclass 315. Device wherein
the pin, wedge, clip, dog, etc., has at least one region
which, when bent or otherwise reshaped, is adapted to remain
in its changed configuration (i.e., the elastic limit of the
material from which the pin, etc., is formed has been
exceeded).
(1) Note. The reshaping may relate to the retaining of the
member in its operative position, rather than to the member's
function of restricting rotation.
Subclass:
320
Comprising an elongated element divided longitudinally (e.g.,
a cotter pin):
This subclass is indented under subclass 319. Device wherein
the element is in the nature of a pin and is split along its
longitudinal axis through a substantial portion of its
length.
Subclass:
321
With an elongated member in the nature of a rotation
preventing key disposed axially of the threaded elements:
This subclass is indented under subclass 190. Device
provided with one or more distinct members having a rotation
restricting capability and at least one of them ordinarily
comprising a dowel, pin, rod, etc., which dowel, etc., is
positioned generally parallel to the longitudinal axis of the
threaded elements and is usually received in part in each of
them, thus tending to form a positive interlock
therebetween.
(1) Note. In a few instances, the member includes a portion
which is adapted to extend into a transverse opening provided
in the externally threaded element.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
216 for a threaded bolt and nut and means for coupling them
against rotation relative to one another and wherein the
means includes a discrete, rotation restricting member which
confronts an axially outwardly facing portion of the nut and
further wherein the member includes, as a substantial part
thereof, an elongated, axially disposed portion in the nature
of a key.
292 for a member which may closely resemble the member of
this subclass (321) as to appearance or orientation, but
which member is an element of a thread lock.
Subclass:
322
And utilizing a resilient characteristic of the key, or of a
discrete element:
This subclass is indented under subclass 321. Device wherein
either (a) an inherent property of resiliency on the part of
the dowel, pin, rod, etc., or (b) the presence of a distinct
element having such a capability, is relied upon for either
(1) moving the dowel, etc., into or from its locking position
or (2) keeping the dowel, etc., from becoming separated from
its operative association with one or the other of the
threaded elements.
Subclass:
323
And including a plastically deformable portion:
This subclass is indented under subclass 321. Device wherein
the dowel, pin, rod, etc., has at least one region which,
when bent or otherwise reshaped, is adapted to remain in its
changed configuration (i.e., the elastic limit of the
material from which the dowel, etc., is formed has been
exceeded).
(1) Note. The reshaping may relate to the retaining of the
member in its operative position, rather than to the member's
function of restricting rotation.
Subclass:
324
Elastic gripping action:
This subclass is indented under subclass 190. Device wherein
at least one of the threaded elements, in a region apart from
its threads, is composed of or otherwise includes elastomeric
material or other resilient means for frictionally holding
onto a region other than the threads of the other threaded
element.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
301 for a threaded bolt and nut and means for coupling them
against rotation relative to one another and wherein the
means comprises a thread lock and further wherein one of the
threaded elements, or a member in combination therewith,
includes elastomeric material for frictionally gripping a
threaded region.
Subclass:
325
Externally threaded element includes an axially extending
opening in its free end for receiving an expander member:
This subclass is indented under subclass 190. Device wherein
the externally threaded element includes, in that end which
is opposite its headed end, a longitudinal bore, cavity,
slot, etc., into which a distinct member of nonuniform
thickness (e.g., a cone, wedge, etc.) is moved for forcing a
portion of that element generally radially outwardly, the
internally threaded element being so located on the
externally threaded element that the radial movement does not
take place in the region of their threaded interengagement.
(1) Note. See (1) Note of subclass 271 above.
(2) Note. See (2) Note of subclass 271 above.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
271 for a structurally similar opening and member, but
wherein the expansion of the externally threaded element
takes place in the region of its threaded interengagement
with the other element.
Subclass:
326
Pawl and ratchet:
This subclass is indented under subclass 190. Device wherein
the threaded elements are locked together by structure
comprising a protuberance on one of the elements, or on an
additional member, cooperating with a series of cam surfaces
and stop shoulders on the other element, or on the member,
whereby relative rotation of the elements is permitted in the
tightening direction but prevented or restricted in the
loosening direction.
Subclass:
327
Pawl carried by the internally threaded element:
This subclass is indented under subclass 326. Device wherein
the pawl is positioned on the internally threaded element and
rotates therewith to interlock with ratchet teeth on the
externally threaded element.
Subclass:
328
Pivoted pawl:
This subclass is indented under subclass 327. Device wherein
the pawl is mounted on the internally threaded element for
rotation about a defined axis.
Subclass:
329
Resilient pawl:
This subclass is indented under subclass 327. Device wherein
the pawl is either inherently springlike or is under the
influence of an additional member in the nature of a spring.
Subclass:
330
Washer carried pawl:
This subclass is indented under subclass 326. Device wherein
a substantially annular disc is provided having a central
opening for receiving the externally threaded element and
wherein the pawl is carried by the disc.
Subclass:
331
Resilient:
This subclass is indented under subclass 330. Device wherein
the pawl is either inherently springlike or is under the
influence of an additional member in the nature of a spring.
Subclass:
332
Including teeth of the ramp and buttress type on the axially
inwardly facing portion of the internally threaded element:
This subclass is indented under subclass 190. Device wherein
the means for limiting or preventing the turning of one
threaded element with respect to the other threaded element
includes, on the axially inwardly facing portion (e.g.,
surface) of the internally threaded element, a plurality of
projections of the kind which, in profile, display a gradual
slope leading to the outermost region of the projection
followed by a sharp (e.g., a perpendicular) drop to a base
line.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
227 240, and 326+, for rotation restricting means which
include a ratchet, and with the further observation that a
ratchet frequently has teeth which are of the ramp and
buttress type.
Subclass:
333
By deformation of a threaded element:
This subclass is indented under subclass 190. Device wherein
the means comprises the altering of the initial condition of
one of the elements.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
242 271, 276+, 305+, 309+, and 325, for other instances of
deformation or distortion of a threaded element or the thread
thereon.
Subclass:
334
Plastic deformation:
This subclass is indented under subclass 333. Device wherein
the threaded element is deformed beyond its elastic limit.
Subclass:
335
Of an internally threaded element:
This subclass is indented under subclass 334. Device wherein
the threaded element is one which is threaded internally.
Subclass:
336
Into an interruption in the thread of the externally threaded
element associated therewith:
This subclass is indented under subclass 335. Device wherein
the deformation of the internally threaded element causes at
least one portion of it to move into at least one recess
within the threaded length of its complementary externally
threaded element, which recess is the product of a
discontinuance of the thread of that element.
Subclass:
337
HEADED FASTENER ELEMENT WITH NUT, WASHER, SECURING MEANS OR
CAP:
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Subject matter drawn to an elongated fastening means provided
at one end with an enlargement or related structure in the
nature of a head defining a head and further provided with
either a cooperating internally threaded means, a perforated
disk or annular means, a securing means in the form of an
unthreaded means designed to cooperate with and restrain the
fastening means, or means for covering an end of the
fastening means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
81 for a threaded fastener (i.e., a bolt or nut) and means
for restricting the rotation thereof relative to a coacting
substructure.
190 for a threaded bolt and nut and means for coupling them
against rotation relative to one another.
531 for the search notes therein pertaining to other loci
for washers.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
24, Buckles, Buttons, Clasps, etc., 305 for combined
fasteners all of which are of the Class 24 type.
52, Static Structures (e.g., Buildings), 698 for headed
fasteners with in situ static structure assemblies. See the
Search Class reference to Class 411 of Class 52 for the line
between Class 411 and that Class 52 subclasses.
238, Railways: Surface Track, 251 and 310+ for various
types of headed fasteners specially adapted with or for
joining railway elements.
248, Supports, subclass 239 for projecting pin shelf or
scaffold bracket.
278, Land Vehicles: Animal Draft Appliances, 60 for headed
fasteners specially adapted for use with animal draft land
vehicles; and subclasses 96+ for whiffletree link or clevis
connectors.
301, Land Vehicles: Wheels and Axles, 9.1 for detachable
wheel connections.
Subclass:
338
Lap bolt or fastener:
This subclass is indented under subclass 337. Subject matter
wherein the fastening means contains a longitudinal cavity
adapted to cooperate with and telescopingly receive a
securing means.
Subclass:
339
Interference fit type:
This subclass is indented under subclass 338. Subject matter
where the fastening means and securing means are secured by
the close tolerance fit between their mating surfaces.
Subclass:
340
Securing means pivotable about axis transverse to fastener
axis, e.g., toggle bolt, etc.:
This subclass is indented under subclass 337. Subject matter
wherein the headed fastening means is provided with an
unthreaded cooperating restraining means capable of rotating
about an axis which is at a right angle to the longitudinal
axis of the fastener.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
402, Binder Device Releasably Engaging Aperture or Notch of
Sheet, 60 for a device of that class which may include an
elongated fastener with a pivoted end lock.
Subclass:
341
And biasing spring:
This subclass is indented under subclass 340. Subject matter
further provided with an elastic structure tending to return
to its normal shape after being distorted.
Subclass:
342
Spring engaging securing means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 341. Subject matter
wherein the elastic structure physically contacts the
unthreaded means.
Subclass:
343
Spring at opposite end from securing means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 341. Subject matter
wherein the securing means is generally located on one end of
the elongated fastening means and the elastic means is
located on the opposite end of the fastening means.
Subclass:
344
And discrete manual actuating means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 340. Subject matter
further provided with means requiring manual intervention and
causing the securing means to move from one position to
another.
Subclass:
345
And pivoted retention means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 340. Subject matter
further provided with means for holding the securing means in
its pivoted position.
Subclass:
346
Channel shaped securing means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 340. Subject matter
wherein the securing means comprises an elongated element of
substantially U-shaped transverse cross section.
Subclass:
347
Securing means having biasing spring:
This subclass is indented under subclass 337. Subject matter
further provided with an elastic structure tending to return
to its normal shape after being distorted.
Subclass:
348
Ball detent securing means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 347. Subject matter
wherein the securing means is in the form of a metallic
sphere.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
24, Buckles, Buttons, Clasps, etc., 211 for a ball-detent
type fastener combined with a socket to receive the
fastener.
29, Metal Working, 271 for hand manipulatable tools used to
align or center pipes or similar structures.
Subclass:
349
Securing means pivotable about axis of fastener:
This subclass is indented under subclass 347. Subject matter
wherein the securing means is capable of rotating about the
longitudinal axis of the headed elongated fastening means.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
24, Buckles, Buttons, Clasps, etc., 221 for mating head and
socket separable fasteners wherein the head is rotatable.
Subclass:
350
Securing means rotatable and axially movable, e.g., wear
take-up means, etc.:
This subclass is indented under subclass 349. Subject matter
wherein the securing means can rotate through one full
revolution and further wherein means are provided for moving
the securing means along the fastening means axis.
Subclass:
351
With draw bar or draft key fastener:
This subclass is indented under subclass 337. Subject matter
wherein the fastening means consists of an elongated bar
having a substantially rectangular cross section and
structured for particular use in securing locomotive
couplings.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
213, Railway Draft Appliances, subclass 62 for cushioned
drawbar and cushioned yoked drawbar connections.
Subclass:
352
Metallic resilient securing means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 337. Subject matter
wherein the securing means is composed of a springy metal
material such that the fastening means is at least in part
retained in its securing position by the resilient nature of
the material.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
372 for a headed fastener element provided with a washer or
cap wherein a separate means is used to attach or retain the
washer or cap to the fastener element.
516 for a resilient metallic sheet or wire formed securing
means, per se.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
24, Buckles, Buttons, Clasps, etc., 213 for resilient mating
head and socket separable fasteners.
37, Excavating, subclass 457 and 458+ for resilient
connections between scoop buckets and teeth.
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, subclass 470 for resilient
connections in control lever and linkage systems; and
subclasses 500.5+ for resilient connections in hand operated
flexible control systems.
248, Supports, subclass 74 for resilient ring, or clamp
pipe, or cable supports.
Subclass:
353
Retainer ring:
This subclass is indented under subclass 352. Subject matter
wherein the securing means is in the form of a circular band
of metal.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
517 for retainer rings, per se.
Subclass:
354
Wedge-securing means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 337. Subject matter
wherein the securing means comprise a tapered block
structure.
Subclass:
355
And apertured bolt:
This subclass is indented under subclass 354. Subject matter
wherein the fastening means is provided with a transverse
slot designed to receive the wedge-type securing means.
Subclass:
356
Penetrating pin securing means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 337. Subject matter
wherein the securing means is in the form of an elongated
pinlike element which is driven through an aperture or a
recess into the material in which the fastening means is used
to secure the fastening means within said material.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
439 for impact driven fastener, per se.
Subclass:
357
Longitudinally inserted:
This subclass is indented under subclass 356. Subject matter
wherein the pinlike element is disposed in a generally axial
direction of the fastening means.
Subclass:
358
Outwardly deflected:
This subclass is indented under subclass 357. Subject matter
wherein means are provided for causing the pinlike element to
be directed away from the fastening means and into the
material in which the fastening means is used.
Subclass:
359
Bifurcated:
This subclass is indented under subclass 358. Subject matter
wherein an end of the pinlike element is formed with a
longitudinal slot which permits element portions on either
side of the slot to be deflected in opposite directions.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
457 for multiple prong impact driven fasteners.
Subclass:
360
Deformable securing means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 337. Subject matter
wherein the securing means is designed for and capable of
being plastically flowable.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
447 for impact driven fasteners provided with deformable
integral locking means.
501 for plastically flowable or deflectable headed fastener
elements.
Subclass:
361
Swageable collar:
This subclass is indented under subclass 360. Subject matter
wherein the deformable securing means comprises an annular
metal structure.
Subclass:
362
Securing means deflecting a portion of fastener end:
This subclass is indented under subclass 360. Subject matter
wherein the securing means directly causes a portion of the
end of the headed fastening means to radially deform.
Subclass:
363
Plural end legs:
This subclass is indented under subclass 362. Subject matter
wherein the end of the fastening means has plural deflectable
end structures.
Subclass:
364
Cotter pin fastener:
This subclass is indented under subclass 363. Subject matter
wherein the fastening means consists of wire structure having
semicircular cross section having two legs and further
wherein the means outwardly deflects the legs.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
513 for cotter pins fastener elements, per se.
Subclass:
365
Circular deflector:
This subclass is indented under subclass 363. Subject matter
wherein the securing means is round in shape.
Subclass:
366.1
Headed bolt or screw with threads and complementary nut:
This subclass is indented under subclass 337. Subject
matter wherein the headed fastener with nut wherein below the
enlargement structure is provided an attached rod having
externally projecting helical ribs and further provided with
a separate, cooperatively mating, internally projecting,
helical-ribbed perforated block.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
81 for a threaded fastener (i.e., a bolt or nut) and means
for restricting the rotation thereof relative to a
structure.
190 for a threaded bolt and nut and means for coupling them
against rotation relative to one another.
378 for externally threaded fastener elements.
427 for internally threaded fastener elements.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
24, Buckles, Buttons, Clasps, Etc., 90.1 for screw threaded
buttons.
Subclass:
366.2
Flush mount or low profile:
This subclass is indented under subclass 366.1. Subject
matter wherein the headed fastener with nut in which the
enlargement structure and the perforated block are designed
to be even with or slightly extending beyond the external
surfaces of opposed members (e.g., two flat panels) to be
joined.
Subclass:
366.3
Threads having a specific pitch or angle:
This subclass is indented under subclass 366.1. Subject
matter wherein the headed fastener with nut in which the
externally projecting helical ribs are positioned at a
specific slant or geometric degrees from a reference line.
Subclass:
367
Having stay bolt spacer sleeve type:
This subclass is indented under subclass 81. Subject matter
wherein the fastening means is structured for and used in
securing two or more plates or similar members in spaced
relationship and further wherein the washer is in the form of
a metallic cylindrical member which when in its assembled
relationship substantially encloses the stay bolt while lying
intermediate the plates or similar members.
(1) Note. The fastener assemblage of this subclass is
typically used to secure boiler plates.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
370 for a stay bolt with a bearing washer.
379 for threaded stay bolt structure, per se.
505 for unthreaded stay bolt structure.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
122, Liquid Heaters and Vaporizers, subclass 496 for
combinations of stay bolts and stay bolt structures with
boiler structures.
Subclass:
368
Having washer:
This subclass is indented under subclass 366.1. Subject
matter further provided with a perforated disk.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
531 for washers, per se.
Subclass:
369
Including sealing means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 368. Subject matter
wherein either the internally threaded means or disk is
provided with means or structure which cooperate to prevent
the ingress of fluid between the internally threaded means or
disk and the fastening means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
542 for sealing washers, per se.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
277, Seal for a Joint or Juncture, for a generic sealing
means or process, subclass 640 for a static contact seal for
other than an internal combustion engine, or a pipe, conduit,
or cable including an anchoring means extending through the
seal.
292, Closure Fasteners, subclass 307 for closure seal
structure.
Subclass:
370
Stay bolt bearing washer:
This subclass is indented under subclass 369. Subject matter
wherein the fastening means is structured for and used in
securing two or more plates or similar members in a spaced
relationship and further wherein the washer is structured for
and used to mount the head of the fastener element within or
to a plate or similar member.
(1) Note. The fastener assemblage of this subclass is
typically used to secured boiler plates.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
379 for threaded stay bolt structure.
505 for an unthreaded stay bolt structure.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
122, Liquid Heaters and Vaporizers, subclass 496 for
combination of stay bolts with boiler structures.
Subclass:
371.1
Sealing-type washer compressed by head:
This subclass is indented under subclass 337. Subject
matter wherein the washer in which the perforated disk is
designed to exclude liquid or gas.
Subclass:
371.2
Washer adjacent head and having a particular shape (e.g.,
dished) or composition:
This subclass is indented under subclass 337. Subject
matter wherein the headed fastener wherein the fastening
means is provided with a perforated disk which has a unique
geometry or makeup.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
429 for an internally threaded fastener element provided
with a cap.
531 for washer structure.
Subclass:
372.5
Cap over the head:
This subclass is indented under subclass 337. Subject
matter wherein the headed fastener wherein the enlargement
structure is provided with a means for covering.
Subclass:
372.6
Having attaching or retaining means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 372.5. Subject
matter wherein the cap over the head in which the covering is
fastened to other structure.
Subclass:
372
And separate attaching or retaining means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 371. Subject matter
provided with separate distinct means to join or maintain the
washer or cap with the fastening means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
533 for a washer provided with means capable of retaining
the washer to a fastener.
Subclass:
373
Attached cap structure:
This subclass is indented under subclass 371. Subject matter
drawn to the configuration of the means for covering an end
of the fastening means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
429 for internally threaded fastener element having a cap.
Subclass:
374
By screw means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 373. Subject matter
wherein the means for covering is attached by helical thread
structure.
Subclass:
375
By crimping:
This subclass is indented under subclass 373. Subject matter
wherein attachment is produced by plastic deformation of a
portion of the cap.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
430 for an internally threaded fastener element having a cap
crimped thereto.
Subclass:
376
By welding:
This subclass is indented under subclass 373. Subject matter
wherein attachment is produced by metallic fusion bonding.
Subclass:
377
Formed by molding:
This subclass is indented under subclass 373. Subject matter
wherein the end covering means is produced and attached to
the headed fastener by use of shapable material.
Subclass:
378
EXTERNALLY THREADED FASTENER ELEMENT, E.G., BOLT, SCREW,
ETC.:
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Subject matter drawn to an elongated fastening means provided
with an exterior helical ridge.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
168 for an externally threaded fastener driven into a
substructure (i.e., a workpiece) and means consisting of, or
including, a thread lock for restricting the rotation of the
fastener relative to the substructure.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
285, Pipe Joints or Couplings, subclass 191 for end to side
or plate bolt joint.
470, Threaded, Headed Fastener, or Washer Making: Process
and Apparatus, 8 for processes of making externally threaded
fastener elements (e.g., screws, bolts, etc.).
Subclass:
379
Stay bolt:
This subclass is indented under subclass 378. Subject matter
wherein the fastening means comprises an elongated structure
designed to have one end attached to a plate or wall
structure with the opposite end attached to and reenforcing a
second plate or wall structure.
(1) Note. The bolts of this subclass are generally used to
reenforce sheets in boiler structures.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
505 for an unthreaded stay bolt which has a plastically
flowed or deflectable end.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
122, Liquid Heaters and Vaporizers, subclass 496 for
combinations of stay bolts with boiler structure.
Subclass:
380
Having spherical head:
This subclass is indented under subclass 379. Subject matter
wherein one end is shaped in the form of a globe.
Subclass:
381
And telltale bore:
This subclass is indented under subclass 380. Subject matter
wherein the fastening means is provided with a longitudinal
extending cavity.
(1) Note. Telltale bores are provided to facilitate visual
observation of a rupture in a stay bolt.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
382 for a threaded stay bolt without a spherical head but
having a telltale bore.
Subclass:
382
Having telltale bore:
This subclass is indented under subclass 379. Subject matter
wherein the fastening means is provided with a longitudinal
extending cavity.
Subclass:
383
Multipart:
This subclass is indented under subclass 378. Subject matter
wherein the fastening means is composed of a plurality of
discrete sections wherein each section integrally includes a
portion of a head and a shank or thread structure.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
469 for multipart impact driven plural prong fasteners.
Subclass:
384
Axially adjustable:
This subclass is indented under subclass 383. Subject matter
wherein the sections include means cooperating therebetween
to permit the longitudinal dimension of the fastening means
element to be varied.
Subclass:
385
Comprising longitudinal side-by-side sections:
This subclass is indented under subclass 383. Subject matter
wherein the discrete sections comprise elongated elements
which when mated in lateral side-by-side relationship form
the fastening means.
Subclass:
386
Pilot end having means enhancing fastening or installation:
This subclass is indented under subclass 378. Subject matter
wherein the fastening means is provided with means either for
penetrating the material, substructure or other work to be
fastened or allowing the fastening means to be torqued at an
insertion end.
Subclass:
387.1
Drill-tip-type end:
This subclass is indented under subclass 386. Subject
matter wherein the pilot end wherein the penetrating or
torqued portion includes means for boring a hole.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
408, Cutting by Use of Rotating Axially Moving Tool, 199 for
drill bits.
Subclass:
387.2
Having a reaming portion:
This subclass is indented under subclass 387.1. Subject
matter wherein the drill tip which includes a portion for
enlarging the bored hole, usually to easily insert the
fastener.
Subclass:
387.3
Having enhanced gripping structure:
This subclass is indented under subclass 387.1. Subject
matter wherein the drill tip which includes a portion (e.g.,
a barb) for better securement.
Subclass:
387.4
Thread-tapping portion or with thread pitch stabilizing
ridge:
This subclass is indented under subclass 387.1. Subject
matter wherein the device wherein the tool or tool-support
includes a body portion having (a) a crest formed in the
peripheral surface thereof, said crest extending along a
spiral path deflected along the tool-axis, and serving to
engage the work and thereby guide the tool during cutting or
(b) cutting teeth etching a helical groove.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
408, Cutting by Use of Rotating Axially Moving Tool, 215 for
pitch-stabilizing ridge.
Subclass:
387.5
Having distinct, spaced cutting edges or points (e.g.,
prongs):
This subclass is indented under subclass 387.1. Subject
matter wherein the specific drill tip in which a plurality of
cutting-edges disposed about the tool-axis are separated, one
from the other, when viewed in a direction parallel to the
tool-axis.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
408, Cutting by Use of Rotating Axially Moving Tool, 211 for
inversely angled cutting edge and subclasses 227+ for tool
having peripherally spaced cutting edges.
Subclass:
387.6
Resembling a twist-drill-type bit tip:
This subclass is indented under subclass 387.1. Subject
matter wherein the specific drill tip wherein the boring
means looks exactly like a rod-like member having a work
engaging point or chisel portion adjacent a fluted section,
relief surface, or deep helical grooves.
Subclass:
387.7
Cuttings or chips moved along curved relief channel:
This subclass is indented under subclass 387.6. Subject
matter wherein the device wherein the void area is of axial
dimension and of circumferential dimension so that it extends
helically along the tool-axis.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
408, Cutting by Use of Rotating Axially Moving Tool, subclass
230 for a tool having peripherally spaced cutting edges with
axially extending spiral relief channel.
Subclass:
387.8
And specified cutting edge, face, rake, relief surface, or
flute angle (e.g., axially facing facets):
This subclass is indented under subclass 387.6. Subject
matter in which the bit tip has a unique geometry.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
408, Cutting by Use of Rotating Axially Moving Tool, subclass
228 for tool having peripherally spaced cutting edges.
Subclass:
388
Double-ended:
This subclass is indented under subclass 378. Subject matter
wherein the fastening means is provided with two distinct end
configurations one of which is threaded.
(1) Note. The fastener elements of this subclass usually
have a boss or similar driving structure between the end
configurations.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
479 for impact driven hollow or dowel type fasteners.
Subclass:
389
Both ends threaded:
This subclass is indented under subclass 388. Subject matter
wherein each end configuration of the fastening means is
provided with a helical ridge.
Subclass:
390
Single element having means facilitating or effecting
separation:
This subclass is indented under subclass 378. Subject matter
wherein an initially single piece fastening means includes
means or structure allowing or producing its separation into
plural segments.
Subclass:
391
By fluent pressure:
This subclass is indented under subclass 390. Subject matter
wherein the means allowing or producing separation is adapted
to operate by the application of a pressurized fluid or
flowable substance.
Subclass:
392
Resiliently flexible:
This subclass is indented under subclass 378. Subject matter
wherein the fastening means is partially or entirely formed
of a material which permits the bolt to be elastically
deformed radially of the fastening means axis.
Subclass:
393
Set screw:
This subclass is indented under subclass 378. Subject matter
wherein the fastening means is provided with a thread
throughout its length and with a cavity in one end adapted to
receive a driving tool.
Subclass:
394
Drive screw:
This subclass is indented under subclass 378. Subject matter
wherein the fastening means is provided with a thread of a
pitch or shape that allows the fastening means to be impact
driven into the material, substructure or other work to be
fastened.
(1) Note. The thread of the fastener element allows it to
be withdrawn by rotation.
Subclass:
395
Having bore therethrough:
This subclass is indented under subclass 378. Subject matter
provided with a longitudinal extending cavity.
(1) Note. The bore is generally provided to allow for
lubricating material to be passed from one area to another.
Subclass:
396
Separate head element:
This subclass is indented under subclass 378. Subject matter
wherein the fastening means is provided with a transverse
projection or head and further wherein the head and the
remainder of the fastener means are separately formed and the
head is subsequently attached to the remainder of the
fastener means.
Subclass:
397
Threadedly attached to shank:
This subclass is indented under subclass 396. Subject matter
wherein the attachment is by mating exterior and interior
helical ridge structure.
Subclass:
398
Head eccentric with respect to fastener axis:
This subclass is indented under subclass 378. Subject matter
wherein the fastening means is provided with a transverse
projection, i.e., a head and further wherein the head is
radially offset from the longitudinal axis of the fastening
means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
169 for a bolt which has the center of mass of its head
offset from the longitudinal axis of its shank.
Subclass:
399
Head having counter-sinking means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 378. Subject matter
wherein the fastening means has a transverse projection,
i.e., a head and further wherein the head includes means
adapted to cut away the material into which the fastening
means is driven so that the head may be sunk flush with or
below the surface of the material.
Subclass:
400
Hook head, e.g., J-bolt, etc.:
This subclass is indented under subclass 378. Subject matter
wherein the fastening means is provided with a head defining
an arcuately formed extension on its shank.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
485 for a hook head impact driven fastener.
Subclass:
401
Elongated head, e.g., hanger bolt, etc.:
This subclass is indented under subclass 378. Subject matter
wherein the fastening means is provided with a head
comprising a generally elongated portion extending
transversely of the shank and being adapted to having a
smaller dimension of its elongated portion received through a
slot in an undercut portion of the slot upon rotating the
bolt substantially 90 deg..
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
248, Supports, subclass 59 for pipe or cable supports
vertically adjustable.
Subclass:
402
Head driving structure:
This subclass is indented under subclass 378. Subject matter
wherein the fastening means is provided with a transverse
projection, i.e., a head, which is further provided with head
driving structure adapted to receive an impelling tool used
to secure the fastening means and further wherein
significance is attributed to the means to receive the tool.
Subclass:
403
Socket or slot:
This subclass is indented under subclass 402. Subject matter
wherein the head driving structure consists of a peripherally
closed cavity or a groove.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
81, Tools, 436 for wrenches designed for insertion into a
cavity, e.g., a slot, or socket, etc.
Subclass:
404
Orthogonally arranged slots, e.g., phillips head, etc.:
This subclass is indented under subclass 403. Subject matter
provided with a plurality of slots, two of which intersect at
a right angle.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
81, Tools, subclass 460 for wrenches having plural,
noncollinear blades designed for insertion into a cavity.
Subclass:
405
Opposed open ended plural slots, e.g., spanner, etc.:
This subclass is indented under subclass 403. Subject matter
provided with a plurality of slots, two of which lie on
opposite edges of the perimeter of the head driving
structure.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
81, Tools, 442 for wrenches having relatively movable
components insertable into a cavity.
Subclass:
406
Dovetail:
This subclass is indented under subclass 403. Subject matter
wherein the cavity or groove is in the form of a fan-shaped
mortise adapted to interlock with a mating tenon tool.
(1) Note. The tenon tool end interlocks with the bolt head
by sliding transversely to the fastener axis into the
mortise.
Subclass:
407
Having driver retaining means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 403. Subject matter
wherein the cavity or groove includes means for preventing
inadvertent longitudinal movement of the tool.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
81, Tools, subclass 459 for wrenches provided with driver
retaining means in the form of a threaded periphery.
Subclass:
408
Frictional engagement:
This subclass is indented under subclass 402. Subject matter
wherein the head driving structure consists purely of
frictional resistance between mating surfaces of the head and
impelling tool.
Subclass:
409
Wing structure:
This subclass is indented under subclass 402. Subject matter
wherein the head is provided with a radially extending
generally flat gripping section.
(1) Note. The heads of this subclass usually have two
gripping sections which are generally designed to be engaged
by the fingers of the user.
Subclass:
410
Plural diverse driving structures:
This subclass is indented under subclass 402. Subject matter
provided with a plurality of discrete different means adopted
to engage with different driving tools.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
81, Tools, subclass 461 for wrenches provided with plural,
separate, projections designed to be inserted into a cavity,
e.g., a socket, or slot, etc.
Subclass:
411
Thread or shank structure:
This subclass is indented under subclass 378. Subject matter
wherein significance is attributed to either that portion of
the fastening means between a head and the helical ridge,
i.e., the shank or the helical ridge.
Subclass:
412
Plural threads on single shank:
This subclass is indented under subclass 411. Subject matter
wherein the helical ridge comprises plural distinct helical
ridge means concentrically arranged on the shank of the
fastening means with each of the helical ridge means lying
between the adjacent convolutions of one or more of other of
said helical ridge means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
245 for a threaded bolt and nut and means for coupling them
against rotation relative to one another and wherein the
means includes a discrete, rotation restricting member which
confronts an axially outwardly facing portion of the nut and
further wherein the member is in the nature of another nut
and additionally wherein means, associated with one or both
nuts, is included for restricting the rotation of one of the
nuts relative to the other and lastly wherein (a) the thread
of one of the nuts is of a different hand than that of the
other and (b) the bolt includes threaded portions mating with
the threaded portion of each of the nuts.
Subclass:
413
Of different pitch:
This subclass is indented under subclass 412. Subject matter
wherein the pitch of one of the helical ridges differs from
that of another of the helical ridges over at least a portion
of its length.
(1) Note. Pitch is defined as the distance between the
crests of two adjacent thread or helical ridge convolutions.
Subclass:
414
Buttress thread:
This subclass is indented under subclass 411. Subject matter
wherein the cross section of the ridge comprises a gradual
leading flank and an abrupt trailing flank which intersect to
define a relatively pointed ridge crest.
Subclass:
415
Of varying thread pitch:
This subclass is indented under subclass 411. Subject matter
wherein the pitch of the ridge is not uniform throughout the
length of the ridge.
(1) Note. The variation in pitch may constitute a variance
of any type over any portion of the thread.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
307 for a threaded bolt and nut and means for coupling them
against rotation relative to one another and wherein the
means comprises a thread lock and further wherein the locking
results from the use of (a) a thread of one pitch on the bolt
(or nut) and thread of a different pitch on the nut (or bolt)
or (b) a thread on either the bolt or the nut which has a
particular pitch in one increment of its length and a
different pitch in another increment thereof.
Subclass:
416
Lobular thread:
This subclass is indented under subclass 411. Subject matter
wherein the major diameter of the ridge varies along the
circumference of the ridge.
(1) Note. The major diameter consists of that distance from
crest taken along a line transverse to the fastener axis. The
variation of the major diameter will generally consist of
alternating high and low points in the thread cross section.
Subclass:
417
Circumferentially interrupted thread:
This subclass is indented under subclass 411. Subject matter
wherein the helical ridge has a discontinuity of at least a
portion of a depth of a ridge section with the ridge on
either side circumferentially thereof being of full depth.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
221 and 271+, for a threaded bolt and nut means for coupling
them against rotation relative to one another and wherein the
means includes an axially extending recess in the externally
threaded element.
437 for an internally threaded fastener element having
interrupted thread structure.
Subclass:
418
By longitudinal slot:
This subclass is indented under subclass 417. Subject matter
wherein the discontinuity which causes the ridge interruption
comprises a relatively narrow groove extending axially of the
fastening means.
Subclass:
419
Shank bifurcated by slot extending entirely therethrough:
This subclass is indented under subclass 418. Subject matter
wherein the groove passes transversely through and divides a
shank of the fastening means into laterally spaced sections.
Subclass:
420
Inclined slot:
This subclass is indented under subclass 418. Subject matter
wherein the groove is at an angle to the fastening means
axis.
Subclass:
421
Helically oriented:
This subclass is indented under subclass 420. Subject matter
wherein the groove slot traces a spiral path about the
fastening means.
Subclass:
422
By peripherally closed transversely extending aperture:
This subclass is indented under subclass 417. Subject matter
wherein the ridge discontinuity comprises a peripherially
closed cavity having an axis transverse to the fastening
means axis.
Subclass:
423
Truncated thread:
This subclass is indented under subclass 411. Subject matter
wherein the crest of the ridge has its apex cut, or removed,
and replaced by a planar surface.
(1) Note. The planar surface is usually parallel to the
fastener axis.
Subclass:
424
Shank structure:
This subclass is indented under subclass 411. Subject matter
wherein significance is attributed to that portion of the
fastening means between a head and the helical ridge, i.e., a
shank.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
487 for shank structure of impact driven fastener.
Subclass:
425
Twisted:
This subclass is indented under subclass 424. Subject matter
wherein the shank is formed by subjecting it to torsional
plastic deformation.
Subclass:
426
Tapered:
This subclass is indented under subclass 424. Subject matter
wherein the shank defines a conical surface.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
489 for impact driven fasteners having significant tapered
shank structure.
Subclass:
427
INTERNALLY THREADED FASTENER ELEMENT, E.G., NUT, ETC.:
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Subject matter drawn to a fastening means provided with an
internal helical ridge.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
527 for resilient sheet metal fastener securing elements
having helically inclined tongues, e.g., speed nuts, etc.,
which act as an internally threaded fastener but wherein the
ridge does not trace a complete helix.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
138, Pipes and Tubular Conduits, subclass 96 for internally
threaded pipe and tube end protectors.
285, Pipe Joints or Couplings, 386 for a coupling comprising
a screw thimble holding means; and subclasses 390+ for
internally threaded sleeves.
470, Threaded, Headed Fastener, or Washer Making: Process
and Apparatus, 18 for process of making internally threaded
fastener elements (e.g., nuts, etc.).
Subclass:
428
Including lubricating means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 427. Subject matter
provided with means having or supplying fluid for reducing
friction between mating threads of the internally threaded
fastener element and an externally threaded fastener
element.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
384, Bearings, 286 for lubricating sleeves, or liners.
Subclass:
429
Having cap:
This subclass is indented under subclass 427. Subject matter
provided with means enclosing one end of the fastener
element.
(1) Note. The enclosing means or cap, usually an ornamental
element, may comprise a separate member attached to the
fastener element or may be a unitary part of the fastener
element.
Subclass:
430
Cap crimped onto nut:
This subclass is indented under subclass 429. Subject matter
wherein attachment of the enclosing means is by the
alteration of shape of the enclosing means onto the fastener
element.
Subclass:
431
Resiliently retained:
This subclass is indented under subclass 429. Subject matter
wherein the enclosing means or fastener element is structured
to, or is composed of, or provided with means of elastic
material tending to return to its normal shape when distorted
thereby securing the enclosing means and fastener element.
Subclass:
432
Multipart:
This subclass is indented under subclass 427. Subject matter
wherein the fastener means comprises a plurality of discrete
sections.
Subclass:
433
Including movable threaded segments:
This subclass is indented under subclass 432. Subject matter
wherein the fastener means is adapted to be readily separated
into its plural sections.
Subclass:
434
Moved by fluent pressure:
This subclass is indented under subclass 433. Subject matter
wherein the fastener means is further adapted to separate by
the use of a pressurized fluid or flowable substance.
Subclass:
435
Wing:
This subclass is indented under subclass 427. Subject matter
provided with driving means in the form of a radially
extending generally flat gripping section.
(1) Note. The wing means usually has two such sections and
are generally designed to be engaged by the fingers of the
user.
Subclass:
436
Thread structure:
This subclass is indented under subclass 427. Subject matter
where significance is attributed to the helical ridge.
Subclass:
437
Interrupted:
This subclass is indented under subclass 436. Subject matter
wherein the helical ridge has a discontinuity.
Subclass:
438
Coil spring:
This subclass is indented under subclass 436. Subject matter
wherein the ridge is defined by the convolutions of a helical
resilient element.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
29, Metal Working, subclass 240.5 for devices which assemble
wire coil thread inserts by rotation.
Subclass:
439
IMPACT DRIVEN FASTENER, E.G., NAIL, SPIKE, TACK, ETC.:
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Subject matter drawn to a fastener provided with an impact
receiving surface adapted to receive an axially applied force
which causes the fastener to penetrate material,
substructure, or other work to be fastened.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
248, Supports, subclass 71 for pipe or cable supports
provided with penetrating means; and subclass 216.1 for
specially mounted or attached brackets having piercing
means.
439, Electrical Connectors, 387 for an electrical connector
including a contact with a sharp, piercing or cutting edge.
Subclass:
440
Having means to facilitate explosive driving:
This subclass is indented under subclass 439. Subject matter
provided with means specially adapted for allowing the
fastener to be driven by fluent pressure resulting from an
explosive charge detonation.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
532 for washer provided with explosive release means.
Subclass:
441
Discrete guide or centering means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 440. Subject matter
wherein the specially adapted means comprises an alignment or
guiding element mounted on a shank portion of the fastener
wherein the element is structured to engage and cooperate
with an interior surface of a bore of an explosively actuated
driving tool.
Subclass:
442
Plural attached fasteners:
This subclass is indented under subclass 439. Subject matter
wherein two or more of the fasteners are secured together.
(1) Note. The fasteners are secured in a strip to
facilitate ease of handling, storage, and to render them
suitable for use in automatic driving tools.
(2) Note. See (1) Note., of subclass 77 of Class 59, Chain,
Staple, and Horseshoe Making, for the distinction between a
staple blank of that locus (59/77), and a staple package of
subclasses 340+ of Class 206, Special Receptacle or Package,
and a staple strip of this locus (411/442).
Subclass:
443
Integral strip:
This subclass is indented under subclass 442. Subject matter
wherein the fasteners are attached during their formation
thereby producing a relatively long and continuous
homogeneous fastener structure.
Subclass:
444
This subclass is indented under subclass 442. Laterally
attached only at head or bridge: Subject matter wherein the
fasteners are connected together at ends thereof which are
adapted to receive impact during driving.
Subclass:
445
Attached end-to-end:
This subclass is indented under subclass 442. Subject matter
wherein the fasteners are attached such that an impact
receiving end of a fastener is connected to a penetrating end
of an adjacent fastener.
Subclass:
446
Including integral locking means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 439. Subject matter
wherein the fastener is provided with means unitary thereto
specially adapted to prevent or render difficult withdrawal
subsequent to driving of the fastener.
Subclass:
447
Comprising deformable portion:
This subclass is indented under subclass 446. Subject matter
wherein the unitary means comprises a fastener portion
alterable in shape.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
501 for a headed fastener having a flowable or deflectable
end (e.g., a rivet).
Subclass:
448
Expansible on impact:
This subclass is indented under subclass 447. Subject matter
wherein the alterable portion is radially expandable in
response to the axially applied force.
(1) Note. The axially applied force will simultaneously
cause radially expansion of the deformable portion while
causing the fastener to penetrate the material, substructure,
or other work to be fastened.
Subclass:
449
Axially collapsible section:
This subclass is indented under subclass 448. Subject matter
wherein the alterable portion is designed to collapse upon
the application of a predetermined axial force thereby
producing radial expansion of adjacent portions of the
fastener.
Subclass:
450
Having means engageable on underside of member being secured
by fastener:
This subclass is indented under subclass 446. Subject matter
wherein the fastener includes a portion which is adapted to
be beneath a member being secured by means of a separate
operation after the fastener has been driven.
(1) Note. The separate operation, e.g., could be partial
rotation of the fastener.
Subclass:
451.1
Comprising protrusion or recess on shank:
This subclass is indented under subclass 446. Subject
matter wherein the integral locking means wherein the
fastener consists of a headed structure provided with a shank
and end portions and further wherein the shank is provided
with either an outwardly extending structure adapted to
penetrate the material into which the fastener is driven or a
cavity structure specially adapted to receive penetrated
displaced material.
Subclass:
451.2
Undulating type:
This subclass is indented under subclass 451.1. Subject
matter wherein the protrusion or recess on shank which has a
wavy type pattern.
Subclass:
451.3
Serrations or sharp teeth:
This subclass is indented under subclass 451.1. Subject
matter wherein the protrusion on shank which has a series of
right triangles.
Subclass:
451.4
Longitudinal flute, depression, or channel:
This subclass is indented under subclass 451.1. Subject
matter wherein the recess on shank which includes a narrow
groove.
Subclass:
451.5
Shoulder-type protrusion:
This subclass is indented under subclass 451.1. Subject
matter wherein the protrusion on shank which includes a
lateral generally flat (perpendicular to the main axis)
portion extending beyond the main body of the fastener.
Subclass:
452
Longitudinal rib:
This subclass is indented under subclass 451.1. Subject
matter wherein the outwardly extending structure comprises a
narrow ridge running lengthwise of the shank.
Subclass:
453
Spiral rib:
This subclass is indented under subclass 452. Subject matter
wherein the ridge extends in a helical path about the
fastener shank.
Subclass:
454
Defined by twisted shank:
This subclass is indented under subclass 453. Subject matter
wherein the ridge rib is formed by the shank having been
subjected to torsion about its axis.
Subclass:
455
Circumferential rib:
This subclass is indented under subclass 451.1. Subject
matter wherein the outwardly extending structure comprises a
continuous narrow ridge extending about the periphery of the
shank.
Subclass:
456
Barb or spur type projection:
This subclass is indented under subclass 451.1. Subject
matter wherein the outwardly extending structure comprises an
isolated protrusion having a pointed part projecting
rearwardly in the direction of the headed structure of the
fastener.
Subclass:
457
Multiple prong, e.g., nailing plate, staple, etc.:
This subclass is indented under subclass 439. Subject matter
wherein the fastener is provided with a plurality of distinct
connected penetrating ends.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
16, Miscellaneous Hardware, subclass 16 for strip type
multiple prong carpet fasteners.
59, Chain, Staple, and Horseshoe Making, subclass 77 for
staple blank structures and process of making staples. See
the notes or Class 59, subclass 77 for the line between that
subclass and this class (411).
Subclass:
458
Oppositely disposed prongs:
This subclass is indented under subclass 457. Subject matter
wherein two penetrating ends are situated 180 deg. apart.
(1) Note. The fasteners of this and indented subclasses are
intended to have a prong driven into a first workpiece and
then have a second workpiece driven or forced onto another
opposed prong.
Subclass:
459
Having plural prongs on one end:
This subclass is indented under subclass 458. Subject matter
provided with two or more laterally spaced penetrating ends
facing the same direction.
Subclass:
460
Having identical ends:
This subclass is indented under subclass 458. Subject matter
wherein the penetrating ends are duplicates.
Subclass:
461
Of sheet metal:
This subclass is indented under subclass 457. Subject matter
wherein the fastener is formed from sheet metal.
(1) Note. The fastener is usually formed by cutting or
stamping.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
477 for single prong impact driven fasteners formed from
sheet metal.
503 for sheet metal formed plural legged headed fastener
elements.
Subclass:
462
Including stiffening means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 461. Subject matter
wherein stiffening means are provided or a portion of the
fastener is shaped to increase the rigidity of the sheet
metal.
Subclass:
463
Rib:
This subclass is indented under subclass 462. Subject matter
wherein the stiffening means comprises an elongated
embossment in the sheet metal defining a protruding portion
on one face of the fastener and a recessed portion on the
opposing face thereof.
Subclass:
464
Entire fastener having corrugations parallel to driving
direction:
This subclass is indented under subclass 463. Subject matter
wherein essentially the entire fastener surface includes
elongated alternating ridges and grooves.
Subclass:
465
Having sawtooth penetrating edge:
This subclass is indented under subclass 464. Subject matter
wherein a penetrating edge of the fastener is defined by a
series of lateral sharp points disposed in parallel
relationship to the alternating ridges and grooves.
Subclass:
466
Prongs cut and formed from body portion:
This subclass is indented under subclass 461. Subject matter
further wherein the penetrating ends are severed and bent
from the sheet metal.
Subclass:
467
Plural prongs from single opening:
This subclass is indented under subclass 466. Subject matter
wherein two or more penetrating ends are punched from a
single opening in the sheet.
Subclass:
468
Including opposed prongs defining mirror image of each
other:
This subclass is indented under subclass 467. Subject matter
wherein a penetrating end is struck from each of a pair of
opposed ends of a single opening with the two penetrating
ends being identical to each other while being oriented 180
deg. apart with respect to the direction in which the
respective identical surfaces of the penetrating end faces.
Subclass:
469
Multipart:
This subclass is indented under subclass 457. Subject matter
wherein the fastener is made of a plurality of discrete
sections.
Subclass:
470
Having prongs of different lengths:
This subclass is indented under subclass 457. Subject matter
wherein the penetrating ends are of unequal length.
Subclass:
471
Each prong bevelled from a single side toward its opposite
side:
This subclass is indented under subclass 457. Subject matter
wherein each of the penetrating ends includes a first side
surface which lies substantially in a single plane and
extends to the extremity of a penetrating point and includes
a second side surface opposing said first surface and having
a tapered portion thereof adjacent the penetrating point
being tapered inwardly in the direction of said point and
terminating at the extremity thereof.
Subclass:
472
Bevel located on outside of prong:
This subclass is indented under subclass 471. Subject matter
wherein the tapered portion of each penetrating end is
located on an outer side surface of the penetrating end.
Subclass:
473
Having distinct driving head:
This subclass is indented under subclass 457. Subject matter
wherein significance is attributed to the impact receiving
surface of the fastener.
Subclass:
474
Plural heads:
This subclass is indented under subclass 473. Subject matter
wherein the fastener is provided with more than one impact
receiving surface.
Subclass:
475
Having means to limit penetration short of bridge portion:
This subclass is indented under subclass 457. Subject matter
wherein means connecting the plural penetrating ends
comprises a bridge portion and further wherein spaced from
the bridge portion is a shoulder means specially adapted to
maintain the bridge portion at a distance from the material
into which the fastener is driven.
Subclass:
476
Having frangible portion:
This subclass is indented under subclass 457. Subject matter
wherein the fastener includes a portion which is specially
adapted to fracture during driving thereof or which fractures
in order to permit removal of the fastener from the material
in which it has been driven.
Subclass:
477
Of sheet metal:
This subclass is indented under subclass 439. Subject matter
wherein the fastener is formed from sheet metal.
(1) Note. The fastener is usually formed by cutting or
stamping.
Subclass:
478
Folded or twisted:
This subclass is indented under subclass 477. Subject matter
wherein the fastener is subjected either to bending or
torsional forces.
Subclass:
479
Hollow fastener:
This subclass is indented under subclass 477. Subject matter
wherein the sheet metal is rolled or otherwise formed into a
cylindrical shape.
Subclass:
480
Separately attached head:
This subclass is indented under subclass 439. Subject matter
wherein the impact receiving surface of the fastener is an
initially discrete element which is subsequently secured to a
shank portion.
Subclass:
481
Head having central recess:
This subclass is indented under subclass 439. Subject matter
wherein the impact receiving surface includes a cavity
aligned with the fastener axis.
(1) Note. The cavity may serve a number of functions, e.g.,
a nail set, etc.
Subclass:
482
Plural axially aligned heads:
This subclass is indented under subclass 439. Subject matter
wherein the impact receiving surface comprise multiple
receiving surfaces attached end-to-end concentric to the
fastener axis.
Subclass:
483
Wire formed head:
This subclass is indented under subclass 439. Subject matter
wherein the impact receiving surface comprises a wire element
configured to produce a projection transverse to the fastener
axis.
(1) Note. The wire formed head is often a continuation of
the shank portion of the fastener.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
543 for wire formed washers.
Subclass:
484
Domed head:
This subclass is indented under subclass 439. Subject matter
wherein the impact receiving surface comprises a convexly
curved surface defining substantially a segment of a sphere.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
507 for domed head fastener elements (e.g., a rivet).
Subclass:
485
Hook head:
This subclass is indented under subclass 439. Subject matter
wherein the impact receiving surface includes an angularly
shaped portion adapted to be grasped or to attach an member
thereto.
Subclass:
486
Head forms segment of disk:
This subclass is indented under subclass 439. Subject matter
wherein the impact receiving surface is configured into a
portion of a circular band of material.
Subclass:
487
Shank or penetrating end structure:
This subclass is indented under subclass 439. Subject matter
wherein significance is attributed to a piercing end or the
shank portion between the piercing end and the impact
receiving surface.
Subclass:
488
Flat-sided shank:
This subclass is indented under subclass 487. Subject matter
wherein the shank is formed with a longitudinally extending
planar surface.
Subclass:
489
Tapered:
This subclass is indented under subclass 488. Subject matter
wherein the planar surface is inclined with respect to the
longitudinal axis of the fastener.
Subclass:
490
Stepped shank:
This subclass is indented under subclass 487. Subject matter
wherein the shank includes plural sections of progressingly
decreasing diameters in the direction of the penetrating end
of the fastener with each of said sections being of
substantially uniform diameter throughout its length.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
497 for impact driven fasteners having a stepped end
structure.
Subclass:
491
Oval or lobular shank:
This subclass is indented under subclass 487. Subject matter
wherein the shank portion is formed with a cross section
defining a curved surface having maximum and minimum
diameters which constitute alternating high and low points on
the periphery of the cross section.
Subclass:
492
Angular shank portion:
This subclass is indented under subclass 487. Subject matter
wherein the shank portion has a polygonal cross section.
Subclass:
493
End structure:
This subclass is indented under subclass 487. Subject matter
wherein significance is attributed to the piercing end of the
fastener.
Subclass:
494
Pyramidal point:
This subclass is indented under subclass 493. Subject matter
wherein the piercing end has the shape of a polyhedron having
a polygonal base and triangular faces meeting at a common
point.
Subclass:
495
Slotted end:
This subclass is indented under subclass 493. Subject matter
wherein the piercing end is formed with a relatively shallow
transversely extending recess.
Subclass:
496
Chisel point:
This subclass is indented under subclass 493. Subject matter
wherein the piercing end has the shape of a prism.
Subclass:
497
Stepped end:
This subclass is indented under subclass 493. Subject matter
wherein the piercing end comprises a series of sections each
successive one of which is of increased transverse dimension
in the longitudinal direction towards the impact receiving
surface.
Subclass:
498
Conical point:
This subclass is indented under subclass 493. Subject matter
wherein the piercing end in the shape of a surface generated
by revolving a right triangle about one of its sides other
than the hypotenuse.
Subclass:
499
Having a curved surface:
This subclass is indented under subclass 493. Subject matter
wherein the piercing end is in the shape of a continuous
smooth arcuate three-dimensional figure boundary.
Subclass:
500
HEADED FASTENER ELEMENT:
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Subject matter drawn to an elongated fastening means provided
at one end with an enlargement or related structure in the
nature of a head.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
248, Supports, subclass 239 for projecting pin shelf or
scaffold bracket.
Subclass:
501
Having plastically flowable or deflectable end, e.g., rivet,
etc.:
This subclass is indented under subclass 500. Subject matter
wherein either the head or an opposing end of the fastening
means consists of a polycrystalline metallic grain structure
which when subjected to an externally applied force is
plastically flowable thereby producing a securing head
structure or deflected end structure.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
470, Threaded, Headed Fastener, or Washer Making: Process
and Apparatus, 27 for processes of making rivets.
Subclass:
502
Plural end legs:
This subclass is indented under subclass 501. Subject matter
wherein the fastening means is provided with plural
plastically flowable or deflectable ends.
Subclass:
503
Sheet metal type:
This subclass is indented under subclass 502. Subject matter
wherein the fastening means is made or formed from a planar
piece of metallic material.
Subclass:
504
Solid end type:
This subclass is indented under subclass 501. Subject matter
wherein the end is devoid of any cavity, gap or space
therein.
Subclass:
505
Stay bolt:
This subclass is indented under subclass 504. Subject matter
wherein the fastener comprises an elongated structure
designed to have one end attached to a plate or wall with the
opposite end attached and reenforcing a second plate or wall
structure.
Subclass:
506
Both head and end flowable:
This subclass is indented under subclass 504. Subject matter
wherein both the head and the opposing end are plastically
flowable.
Subclass:
507
Domed head:
This subclass is indented under subclass 506. Subject matter
wherein the head is in the form of a hemisphere.
Subclass:
508
Having resilient securing structure on shank:
This subclass is indented under subclass 500. Subject matter
provided with an elastic configuration on a shank portion of
the fastening means wherein the configuration is specially
adapted to retain the fastening means in a secure position.
Subclass:
509
Concentric ridge or flange:
This subclass is indented under subclass 508. Subject matter
wherein the configuration is a raised crested portion or
protruding edge on and concentric to the shank portion.
Subclass:
510
Plural ridges or flanges:
This subclass is indented under subclass 509. Subject matter
provided with two or more raised crested portions or
protruding edges.
Subclass:
511
FASTENER SECURING ELEMENT:
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Subject matter drawn to element structure for use with
fasteners or fastener elements of this class and wherein
either the element structure operates by inherent resilience
of at least a portion of its structure or is in the form of a
relatively short piece of wire having a semicircular cross
section.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
301, Land Vehicles: Wheels and Axles, 111 for fastener
securing elements specially adapted for or with land vehicle
wheels or axles.
Subclass:
512
Having elastomeric material:
This subclass is indented under subclass 511. Subject matter
provided with rubber or rubberlike substances having
resilient properties.
Subclass:
513
Cotter pins:
This subclass is indented under subclass 511. Subject matter
wherein the wire is in the form of a relatively short piece
of wire having a semicircular cross section.
(1) Note. The wire is generally folded back onto itself and
is adapted to be inserted into an aperture of a headed
fastener.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
96 for a threaded fastener (i.e., a bolt or nut) and means
for restricting the rotation thereof relative to a coacting
substructure and wherein the means includes a restricting
member and further wherein the member extends between and
engages a flat formed on a side of each of a plurality of
bolts or nuts and additionally wherein the member has plural
openings, or notches engaging the bolts, or nuts, on two
sides thereof, and lastly wherein the member consists of
plural parts, one of which comprises a keeper.
213 for a threaded bolt and nut and means for coupling them
against rotation relative to one another and wherein the
means includes a discrete, rotation restricting member which
confronts an axially outwardly facing portion of the nut and
further wherein the member is in the nature of a key which is
movable laterally into engagement with the threaded element
and additionally wherein the key includes a plastically
deformable portion and lastly wherein the key is an elongated
element divided longitudinally (e.g., a cotter pin, etc.).
320 for a threaded bolt and nut and means for coupling them
against rotation relative to one another and wherein the
means includes a member in the nature of a key which is
movable laterally into engagement with the threaded elements
and further wherein the key includes a plastically deformable
portion and additionally wherein the key is an elongated
element divided longitudinally (e.g., a cotter pin, etc.).
Subclass:
514
Having deformed resilient middle portion:
This subclass is indented under subclass 513. Subject matter
wherein the wire has two legs, one having a resilient
deformed portion extending transversely of the pin axis.
Subclass:
515
Having folded back leg:
This subclass is indented under subclass 513. Subject matter
wherein the wire has two legs and a loop-type head and
further wherein one of the legs is bent 180 deg. so that the
leg faces the head.
Subclass:
516
Resilient metallic:
This subclass is indented under subclass 511. Subject matter
wherein the element structure is composed substantially of
metallic spring material such that the element structure is
at least in part retained in its securing position by the
resilient nature of that material.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
24, Buckles, Buttons, Clasps, etc., 213 for resilient mating
head and socket separable fasteners; and subclasses 255+ for
resilient clasps not specially adapted for securing a
fastener of class (411).
37, Excavating, subclass 457 and 458+ for resilient
connections between connections between scoop buckets and
teeth.
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, subclass 470 and 500.5+
for resilient connections in control lever and linkage
systems particularly hand operated flexible systems.
248, Supports, subclass 74 for resilient ring, or clamp
pipe, or cable supports.
Subclass:
517
Retainer ring:
This subclass is indented under subclass 516. Subject matter
wherein the element structure is in the shape of a band.
Subclass:
518
Having gripper holes:
This subclass is indented under subclass 517. Subject matter
wherein the element structure is provided with at least two
holes to locate and coact with a tool used to assemble or
disassemble the element structure.
Subclass:
519
Plural radial sectioned:
This subclass is indented under subclass 517. Subject matter
wherein the band of material consists of at least two
engageable parts.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
539 for radially positionable washers.
Subclass:
520
Sheet metal:
This subclass is indented under subclass 516. Subject matter
wherein the element structure is formed from a substantially
flat planar piece of metallic material.
Subclass:
521
Circular:
This subclass is indented under subclass 520. Subject matter
wherein the material is substantially in the form of a
circle.
Subclass:
522
Parallel legs, e.g., U-shaped, etc.:
This subclass is indented under subclass 520. Subject matter
wherein the planar material is folded back thereby at least
producing two parallel appendages or legs.
Subclass:
523
Folded leg having fastener aperture or recess:
This subclass is indented under subclass 522. Subject matter
wherein at least one of the folded parallel appendages is
provided with an opening.
(1) Note. The opening is generally provided to allow a
portion of the headed fastener or piece to be fastened to
extend therethrough.
Subclass:
524
Plural folds:
This subclass is indented under subclass 523. Subject matter
wherein the material is folded onto itself at least twice.
Subclass:
525
Having plural longitudinal slits:
This subclass is indented under subclass 520. Subject matter
wherein the material is provided with at least two long
narrow cuts both of which are parallel to the longitudinal
axis of the structure.
Subclass:
526
And slit coincident with element axis:
This subclass is indented under subclass 525. Subject matter
wherein the material is further provided with a long narrow
cut lying in the longitudinal axis of the structure.
Subclass:
527
And helically inclined tongues, e.g., speed nut, etc.:
This subclass is indented under subclass 525. Subject matter
wherein the material is formed such as to produce a pair of
promontory structures having deformed edges tracing a helical
path.
Subclass:
528
Having longitudinally slit coincident with element axis:
This subclass is indented under subclass 520. Subject matter
wherein the material is provided with a long narrow cut lying
in the longitudinal axis of the structure.
Subclass:
529
Having longitudinal slot forming fastener engaging slide:
This subclass is indented under subclass 520. Subject matter
wherein the material is formed such as to have a
substantially large opening confined by the outer edges of
the structure, the opening being designed to physically
engage the fastener or piece being secured.
Subclass:
530
Wire or rod formed:
This subclass is indented under subclass 516. Subject matter
wherein the element structure is made from resilient spring
wire or rod material.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
24, Buckles, Buttons, Clasps, etc., 261 for wire formed
clasps not specially adapted for securing a fastener or
fastening means of this class (411).
Subclass:
531
WASHER STRUCTURE:
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Subject matter in the form of an annular element adapted to
be placed beneath the bearing surface of a bolt head, nut, or
the like.
(1) Note. The washers of this and indented subclasses are
provided for sealing, reducing friction, ornamenting, etc.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
132 for a threaded fastener (i.e., a bolt or nut) and means
for restricting the rotation thereof relative to a coacting
substructure and wherein the means includes a restricting
member and further wherein the member or a portion thereof is
located between the substructure and the inwardly facing
surface of the bolt head or nut, and see especially
subclasses 147+ thereunder wherein the member comprises a
washer formed as a closed loop, or an apertured plate, or a
split ring.
260 for a threaded bolt and nut and means for coupling them
against rotation relative to one another and wherein the
means comprises a thread lock and further wherein the means
includes a distortable metallic element, which element may be
a washer.
270 for a threaded bolt and nut and means for coupling them
against rotation relative to one another and wherein the
means comprises a thread lock and further wherein the means
includes a tapered surface for wedging the internally
threaded element against the externally threaded one and
additionally wherein the internally threaded element is
segmented and lastly wherein a member, which may be a washer,
is included for carrying the tapered surface and surrounding
the segmented element.
275 for a threaded bolt and nut and means for coupling them
against rotation relative to one another and wherein the
means comprises a thread lock and further wherein one of the
elements, or a discrete member, is adapted to cant the
assembly and additionally wherein a discrete member, which
may be a washer, accomplishes the canting.
313 for a threaded bolt and nut and means for coupling them
against rotation relative to one another and wherein the
means comprises a washer having a deformable portion
engageable with one of the threaded elements.
318 for a threaded fastener with a nut, washer, securing
means, or cap, and wherein the fastener is a threaded one and
is provided with a nut and further wherein a washer is
included.
329 for a threaded bolt and nut and means for coupling them
against rotation relative to one another and wherein the
means comprises a pawl and ratchet and further wherein the
pawl is carried by a washer.
332 for a headed fastener with a nut, washer, securing
means, or cap and wherein the element which is in addition to
the fastener is limited to being either a washer or a cap.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
16, Miscellaneous Hardware, 108 for miscellaneous ferrules,
rings, and thimbles.
Subclass:
532
Including release means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 531. Subject matter
wherein means are provided for permitting the element to
become effectively disengaged from a fastener with which it
is used without having to first remove said fastener.
Subclass:
533
Including means for retaining washer to fastener:
This subclass is indented under subclass 531. Subject matter
wherein discrete means are provided for maintaining the
element assembled to a fastener.
Subclass:
534
Including antifriction means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 531. Subject matter
wherein the element includes means adapted to reduce the
resistance to relative rotary motion between two parts of an
assembly in which the element is being used.
Subclass:
535
Including adjustable thickness means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 531. Subject matter
wherein means are provided for altering the axial dimension
of the element.
Subclass:
536
Wear or lost motion compensating means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 535. Subject matter
wherein the element includes means which automatically
increases the axial dimension of the element to compensate
for excessive tolerance between the parts of an assembly in
which the element is used.
(1) Note. The excessive tolerances are produced by normal
bearing load wear, lost motion, etc.
Subclass:
537
Having leveling means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 531. Subject matter
wherein the element includes means for compensating for
differences in contour of opposing bearing surfaces on parts
in an assembly in which the element is used.
Subclass:
538
Inclined planar face:
This subclass is indented under subclass 537. Subject matter
wherein the compensating means on the element defines a flat,
angled surface which is adapted to mate with an equally
angled and oppositely extending surface on a part in an
assembly in which the element is used.
Subclass:
539
Radially positionable:
This subclass is indented under subclass 531. Subject matter
wherein the element includes means which permits the element
to be moved laterally of a shank of a fastener with which the
element is used.
Subclass:
540
Pivotally hinged sections:
This subclass is indented under subclass 539. Subject matter
wherein the means comprise plural connected segments
rotatable about points where the segments are so connected.
Subclass:
541
Secured by plastic deformation:
This subclass is indented under subclass 539. Subject matter
wherein the element is altered in shape after being
positioned about a shank of a fastener.
Subclass:
542
Sealing:
This subclass is indented under subclass 531. Subject matter
wherein the element serves to prevent the ingress of fluids
between a fastener with which it is used and an adjacent
part.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
277, Seal for a Joint or Juncture, for a generic sealing
means or process, subclass 640 for a static contact seal for
other than an internal combustion engine, or a pipe, conduit,
or cable including an anchoring means extending through the
seal.
292, Closure Fasteners, subclass 307 for closure seal
structure.
Subclass:
543
Wire formed:
This subclass is indented under subclass 531. Subject matter
wherein the element is fabricated from an elongated piece of
metal stock having a circular cross section.
Subclass:
544
Axially resilient:
This subclass is indented under subclass 531. Subject matter
wherein the element is composed of elastic material and
configured such that it can be axially compressed and will
tend to return to its original shape.
Subclass:
545
Corrugated:
This subclass is indented under subclass 531. Subject matter
wherein the element is formed with folds defining a series of
alternating grooves and ridges on the opposed faces thereof.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
161 for a washer having ridges or grooves extending more or
less radially across its axially facing surfaces, and wherein
the washer is disclosed as being a component of a
bolt-to-substructure, or a nut-to-substructure, locking
arrangement.
Subclass:
546
Spacer:
This subclass is indented under subclass 531. Subject matter
wherein the element is in the form of a cylinder and is used
to maintain parts of an assembly in spaced relationship.
Subclass:
547
Of folded sheet material:
This subclass is indented under subclass 546. Subject matter
wherein the element is formed of initially thin flat stock
material, which is rolled or otherwise shaped into a
generally cylindrical configuration having an axially
directed opening therethrough.
Subclass:
548
MISCELLANEOUS:
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Subject matter not provided for elsewhere.
Subclass:
549
Outwardly extending projection cooperates with socket member
having ramp engagement means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 349. Subject matter
wherein a portion of the securing means protrudes from the
headed elongated fastening means shank along a line
substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the
headed fastening means and wherein the securing means further
includes a socket member having in the form of a ramp surface
adapted to mate with protruding portion.
Subclass:
550
Including means providing axial adjustment:
This subclass is indented under subclass 549. Subject matter
wherein the headed elongated fastening means or the means
allowing the axial dimension between the head of the headed
elongated fastening means and the surfaces on the socket
member to be altered.
Subclass:
551
Threaded adjustment:
This subclass is indented under subclass 550. Subject matter
wherein the adjustment means are in the form of threaded
surfaces.
Subclass:
552
And discrete biasing spring:
This subclass is indented under subclass 549. Subject matter
wherein separate means are provided for resiliently urging
the securing means and the cooperating socket member in
axially opposed direction to enhance the engagement
therebetween.
Subclass:
553
Similar, opposed ramp surfaces:
This subclass is indented under subclass 549. Subject matter
wherein the ramp surfaces extend in a rectilinear manner on
diametrically opposite sides of the headed elongated
fastening means.
Subclass:
554
Helically slotted securing means having cooperating engaging
portion on socket member:
This subclass is indented under subclass 349. Subject matter
wherein the securing means comprises an arcuate recess in the
headed elongated fastening means shank which is generally
spirally oriented about the axis thereof and wherein a mating
to cooperate with the recess.
Subclass:
555
Through-slot for engagement with crossbar:
This subclass is indented under subclass 554. Subject matter
wherein the recess extends transverse to and entirely through
the shank of the headed elongated fastening means and the
cooperating structure on the socket member comprises a rod
entirely transversing a shank receiving opening in the socket
member.
CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS
The patents in the following collections have been placed
without regard to their original classification or to their
claimed subject matter and are therefore not exhaustive of
the art subject matter but are only example of the art.
Subclass:
900
FASTENER OR FASTENER ELEMENT COMPOSED OF PLURAL DIFFERENT
MATERIALS:
Art collection of fasteners or fastener elements made of
plural distinct substances.
Subclass:
901
Core and exterior or different materials:
Art collection of fastener or fastener elements in which the
interior and exterior portions are made of distinct different
substances.
Subclass:
902
Metal core:
Art collection of fasteners or fastener elements having a
metallic core.
Subclass:
903
Resinous exterior:
Art collection of fasteners and fastener elements having a
metal core and a resinous exterior.
Subclass:
904
Fastener or fastener element composed of nonmetallic
material:
Art collection of fasteners and fastener elements made of
materials other than metal.
Subclass:
905
Paper or wood:
Art collection of fasteners or fastener elements composed of
cellulose material.
Subclass:
906
Leather or fabric:
Art collection of fasteners and fastener elements made of a
tanned or otherwise skin of an animal or of a woven, knitted,
or felted cloth.
Subclass:
907
Elastomeric:
Art collection of fasteners or fastener elements composed of
a rubber or rubberlike substance.
Subclass:
908
Resinous material:
Art collection of fasteners or fastener elements composed of
a polymerized synthetic or chemically modified resin.
Subclass:
909
Fasteners or fastener elements composed of thermo-responsive
memory material:
Art collection of fasteners or fastener elements composed of
an alloy comprising materials having different coefficients
of expansion whereby the fastener or element is capable of
changing first from one configuration at a temperature to
another configuration at a second temperature by subjecting
the fastener or element to the second temperature.
Subclass:
910
Anti-tamper means:
Art collection of fasteners or fastener elements which
includes means for preventing unauthorized removal thereof.
Subclass:
911
One-way drive:
Art collection of fasteners or fastener elements wherein the
anti-tamper means includes tool engaging surfaces permitting
rotation of the fastener in the direction of insertion but
does not include surfaces facilitating rotation in the
direction of removal.
Subclass:
912
ANTI-SPLITTING FASTENER:
Art collection of fasteners or fastener elements provided
with means to prevent the material into which the fastener or
element is driven from splitting.
Subclass:
913
SELF-EXPANDING ANCHOR:
Art collection of self-expanding anchors designed to be
inserted into an opening of a part wherein an anchor is
provided with flexible legs of inherently resilience, the
legs being radially inwardly compressible to permit insertion
in the opening and radially outwardly moveable upon release
of the compressive force to thereby engage the wall of the
opening or a distal face of the part.
Subclass:
914
COATED BOLT:
Art collection of bolt fasteners designed either to be passed
through two or more pieces to be secured together and having
a separate blocking device, e.g.; a nut, or those having a
threaded or otherwise configured shank which engages a
corresponding prepared recess in one of the pieces to be
secured wherein a bolt fastener is provided with a coating.
Subclass:
915
BOLT HAVING PACKING JOINT:
Art collection of bolt fasteners designed either to be passed
through two or more pieces to be secured together and having
a separate locking device, e.g., a nut, or those having a
threaded or otherwise configured shank which engages a
corresponding prepared recess in one of the pieces to be
secured and further wherein a bolt fastener is provided with
a packing joint.
Subclass:
916
BOLT HAVING TENSION FEATURE:
Art collection of bolt fasteners designed either to be passed
through two or more pieces to be secured together and having
a locking device, e.g., a nut, or those having a threaded or
otherwise configured shank which engages a corresponding
prepared recess in one of the pieces to be secured and
further wherein a bolt fastener is provided with a tension
feature.
Subclass:
917
NUT HAVING TENSION FEATURE:
Art collection of nut fasteners designed to be attached to
the ends of bolts having an opening which is either to
correspond to the thread of a bolt or other similar
corresponding structure to secure the bolt in place in the
material to which it is applied and further wherein a nut
fastener is provided with a tension feature.
Subclass:
918
THREADLESS NUT:
Art collection of nut fasteners designed to be attached to
the ends of bolt having an opening wherein a nut fastener is
provided with a cooperating structure to secure the bolt in
place in material to which is applied by means other than an
internal thread of the nut fastener.
Subclass:
919
SCREW HAVING DRIVING CONTACTS:
Art collection of screw fasteners which have a shank provided
with threads adapted to produce a corresponding internal
thread in material into which a screw fastener is inserted
and provided with a head having means allowing the screw
fastener to be engaged by a rotating device, the means being
i the form of nicks, an angular head, or projecting ribs
specially adapted to be engaged by a corresponding shaped
driver to rotate the screw fastener.
Subclass:
920
STAPLE:
Art collection of double pointed staple fasteners
substantially U-shaped and usually having legs of equal
length designed to span and hold into place a separate piece
or article wherein the legs pierce the material on opposite
sides of the piece or article to be held.
Subclass:
921
MULTIPLE-PRONGED NAIL, SPIKE OR TACK:
Art collection of nail, spike or tack fasteners designed to
be driven by repeated blows or by nailing machines and
laterally displacing materials into which they are forced to
thereby be retained either by friction, clenching, or
additionally locking means wherein a nail, spike or tack
fastener is provided with two or more prongs and further
wherein the prongs of fastener are designed to enter material
at or near the same point and to be distinquished from
staples in that they are not adapted to span and secure
between two of holding points and a separate piece of
material.
Subclass:
922
NAIL, SPIKE OR TACK HAVING LOCKING DEVICE:
Art collection of nail, spike, or tack of fasteners designed
to be driven by repeated blows or by nail machines and
laterally displacing material into which they are force to
thereby be retained by friction, clenching, or blocking means
in which a nail, spike, or tack fastener is provided with a
device attach to or made integral with the fastener to
prevent or render difficult its withdrawal.
Subclass:
923
NAIL, SPIKE OR TACK HAVING SPECIFIC HEAD STRUCTURE:
Art collection of nail, spike or tack fasteners designed to
be driven by repeated blows or by nailing machines and
laterally displacing the material into which they are force
to be retained by friction, clenching, or additionally
locking means and in which significance is attributed to the
head structure of a nail, spike, or tack fastener.
Subclass:
924
COUPLED NUT AND BOLT:
Art collections of assembled fasteners in the form of
threaded nuts and bolts provided with special structures
designed to prevent, or tending to prevent the rotation of a
threaded nut and bolt, or relative rotation of a threaded nut
and bolt, or endwise movement or separation of a threaded nut
and bolt.
Subclass:
924.1
Deformed:
Art collection under are collection 924 in which either a nut
or bolt is deformed.
Subclass:
925
Top stop:
Art collection under art collection 924 in which a special
structure is provided in the form of a stop secured or locked
to the bolt and in which the stop has a portion above the nut
which locks the nut.
Subclass:
926
Positive lock:
Art collection under art collection 925 in which the stop
prevents rotation of the nut on the bolt by a positive
interlocking engagement with the nut.
Subclass:
927
Side:
Art collection under art collection 926 in which the nut is
locked by a portion of the stop engaging a side of the nut.
Subclass:
928
Thread Gripper:
Art collection under art collection 925 in which the stop is
locked to the bolt by its gripping action on the bolt
threads.
Subclass:
929
Thread lock:
Art collection under art collection 924 in which the nut is
locked to the bolt directly or indirectly by the action upon
the threads.
Subclass:
929.1
Coil Spring:
Art collection under art collection 929 in which a nut or
bolt are provided with a coil spring to lock the nut to the
bolt.
Subclass:
929.2
Distorted washer:
Art collection under art collection 929 in which a nut and
bolt are provided with a distorted washer to lock the nut to
the bolt.
Subclass:
930
Flowing metal or settable material:
Art collection under art collection 929 in which the locking
action between the nut and bolt is accomplished either by (a)
melted metal or other material capable of harding into a
solid state (e.g., cement), or (b) a part plastically formed
by either the bolt shank, or the nut into which the shank is
threaded, thereby coating between the threads of the shanks
or those on the nuts to prevent relative rotation.
Subclass:
931
Superposed Nuts:
Art collection under art collection 929 in which more than
one nut is placed on a bolt wherein the other nut having some
special construction or adjunct whereby it is adapted to lock
the other nut.
(1) Note. Jam-nuts are included only when they are
especially adapted to serve as jam-nuts.
Subclass:
932
Oppositely threaded:
Art collection under art collection 931 in which one nut has
a right hand thread and the other nut has a left hand thread
and the threads cooperating with a similarly threaded bolt.
Subclass:
933
Key or pawl locked:
Art collection under art collection 932 in which the nuts are
locked together by a key or a pawl and ratchet mechanism.
Subclass:
934
Side locked:
Art collection under art collection 933 in which the nuts are
locked together by a device engaging their sides.
Subclass:
935
Cam or cone grip:
Art collection under art collection 929 in which the threads
of the bolt are gripped by a cam action between the nut or
washer or another part or by the action of a cone and its
collecting member forcing a part of the nut or washer against
the bolt threads.
Subclass:
935.1
Cam:
Art collection under art collection 935 wherein the threads
of the bolts are gripped by a cam action between the nut and
washer and other parts.
Subclass:
936
Canted nut:
Art collection under art collection 929 in which the nut at
its final position tends to bend the bolt at the base of the
nut.
(1) Note. Usually the nut or the washer is wedge shape.
Subclass:
937
Distorted nut:
Art collection under art collection 929 in which either the
whole or a part of the nut is distorted or changed in shape
before, during, or after its application to the bolt, so that
the threads of the nuts grip the threads of the bolt.
Subclass:
937.1
Predistorted thread pitch or diameter:
Art collection under art collection 937 in which either the
thread pitch of the nut or the diameter of the nut is
distorted prior to the assembly of the nut to the bolt.
Subclass:
937.2
Post-distorted thread pitch or diameter:
This subclass is indented under subclass 937. Art collection
of fasteners in which either the nut thread pitch or its
diameter is distorted after the nut has been applied to the
bolt.
Subclass:
938
Distorted thread:
Art collection under art collection 929 in which the threads
of the nut or bolt are during or after the application of the
nut bent, crushed, or injured, so as to lock the nut and bolt
from relative rotation.
Subclass:
939
Longitudinal key:
Art collection under art collection 929 in which a special
structure is provided in the form of a key having its locking
portion extending longitudinally of the bolt and biting or
bending against the thread.
Subclass:
940
Radial key or gib:
Art collection under art collection 929 in which a special
structure is provided in the form of a key or gib which is
moved radially toward the bolt and engages its thread.
Subclass:
941
Side clutch:
Art collection under art collection 929 in which a special
structure is provided in the form of a device, not an
integral part of the nut or bolt, which clutched or bites the
threads of the nuts or bolt.
(1) Note. The locking action in most cases resemble that of
the pawl and ratchet, except the part engaged by such device
has no cooperating notches.
Subclass:
941.1
Spring:
Art collection under art collection 941 in which the device
is in the form of a spring.
Subclass:
941.2
Roller:
Art collection under art collection 941 in which the device
is in the form of a roller.
Subclass:
941.3
Ball:
Art collection under art collection 941 in which the device
is in the form of a ball.
Subclass:
942
Tangential key:
Art collection under art collection 929 in which a special
structure is provided in the form of a key in the nut which
moves tangentially to the bolt and bites or binds against the
threads thereof.
Subclass:
943
Flexible washer:
Art collection of fasteners under art collection 924 in which
the fastener is provided with a washer secured to the bolt
which washer has an interlastic portion turn against the nut
after the nut is screwed on.
Subclass:
944
Flexible key:
Art collection under art collection 924 in which the nut and
bolt are held together by a key which is bent after the nut
is seated as to form a connection between notched or slots in
the nut and bolt.
Subclass:
945
Cross key:
Art collection under are collection 924 in which the nut and
bolt are lock together by a key which has its locking
position lying transversely of the bolt.
Subclass:
946
Spring-seated:
Art collection under art collection 945 in which the key is
forced to its seat by a spring.
Subclass:
947
Elastic-gripping action:
Art collection under art collection 924 in which the nut or a
provided washer is composed wholely or partly of elastic
material which grips the threaded or other part of the bolt.
Subclass:
948
Longitudinal key:
Art collection under art collection 924 in which the nut and
bolt are locked together by a key whose locking portion
extends longitudinally of the bolt.
Subclass:
949
Ratchet and bolt-carried pawl:
Art collection under art collection 924 in which a nut and
bolt are interlocked by a pawl and ratchet mechanism which
automatically locks the nut or bolt from movement in one
direction but permits free movement in the other and further
wherein the bolt carries or holds from rotation a pawl which
interlocks with a ratchet teeth in the nut.
Subclass:
950
Rachet and nut-carried pawl:
Art collection under art collection 924 in which a nut and
bolt are interlocked by a pawl and racket mechanism which
automatically locks the nut or bolt from movement in one
direction but permits free movement in the other and further
wherein the nut carries the pawl which rotates with the nut
and interlocks with ratchet teeth on the bolt.
Subclass:
951
Flexible:
Art collection under art collection 950 in which a flexible
pawl interlocks with ratchet teeth carried by bolt or by a
structure secured to the bolt.
Subclass:
952
Pivoted.
Art collection under art collection 950 in which the pawl
carried by the nut moves on a pivot to lock and unlock.
Subclass:
953
Washer-carried pawl:
Art collection under art collection 924 in which a nut and
bolt are interlocked by a pawl and rachet mechanism which
automatically locks the nut or bolt from movement in one
direction but permits free movement in the other and further
wherein a washer is secured to the bolt and carries a pawl
which interlocks with a special made ratchet surface of the
nut.
(1) Note. The corner of the ordinary nut are not regarded
as forming a ratchet surface.
Subclass:
954
Wedged slotted bolt:
Art collection under art collection 924 in which the bolt has
a slit or slot in which a wedge shape device moves to cause
the bolt section to expand against the nut.
(1) Note. The wedge type device may be removable from the
bolt.
Subclass:
955
LOCKED BOLTHEAD OR NUT:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Art
collection wherein a bolthead or nut, hereinafter call a
device, is fastened to an element, hereinafter called a
substructure, so as to prevent rotation of the device.
(1) Note. A fastening means may be part of the device or
the substructure or it may include additional elements.
Subclass:
956
Automatic base clutch:
Art collection under art collection 955 wherein a face of the
device adjacent the substructure is gripped thereto by the
turning of the device into fastening position.
Subclass:
957
Biting tooth:
Art collection under art collection 956 wherein the gripping
is affected by one or more projection deforming the surface
of the substructure or the device.
Subclass:
958
Coiled washer:
Art collection under art collection 957 wherein the
projections are carried by a washer which is not a closed
annulus, surrounding the bolt shank.
Subclass:
959
Bolt-or nut-carried:
Art collection under art collection 957 wherein the
projections are carried by the face of the device adjacent
the substructure of the device, or by the bolt shank
Subclass:
960
Friction:
Art collection under art collection 956 wherein the device is
held from rotation solely by the pressure between the
substructure and the face of the device adjacent thereto.
Subclass:
961
Pawl and ratchet:
Art collection under art collection 956 wherein a resiliently
urged dog locks the device against movement in one direction
permitting free movement in another.
Subclass:
962
Bolthead or nut-carried pawl:
Art collection under art collection 961 wherein the dog is
carried by the device and locks underneath the face adjacent
the substructure.
Subclass:
963
Yielding interlocking washer:
Art collection under art collection 961 wherein the device
has a tooth face adjacent the substructure which interlocks
with a resilient washer carrying complimentary teeth.
Subclass:
964
Detent:
Art collection under art collection 956 wherein the interface
of the device and either the substructure, or a washer
mounted between the device and the substructure is provided
with coacting means which are resiliently held interengage,
but permit force relative turning in either direction.
Subclass:
965
With retainer:
Art collection under art collection 955 wherein the device
has means other than cooperating threads on either the nut or
substructure and the bolt to prevent its displacement from
operative position on the substructure.
Subclass:
966
Multiple (i.e., gang type):
Art collection under art collection 965 wherein a plurality
of devices are held by a single means.
Subclass:
967
Deformable bolthead or nut:
Art collection under art collection 965 wherein a portion of
the device is changed in shape to contact the substructure
and thereby prevent the separation of the device therefrom.
Subclass:
968
Deformable base member:
Art collection under art collection 965 wherein the
substructure is changed into shape to prevent the separation
of the device therefrom.
Subclass:
969
Deformable retainer:
Art collection under art collection 965 wherein in a
separable holder is changed in shape to prevent the
separation of the device from the substructure.
Subclass:
970
Resilient retainer:
Art collection under art collection 965 wherein a holder has
yieldable part coacts with the substructure to prevent the
separation of the device with the substructure.
Subclass:
971
And side lock:
Art collection under art collection 965 wherein a side
surface of the device is locked to prevent rotation.
Subclass:
972
Distorted:
Art collection under art collection 955 wherein the device is
locked by deforming a portion thereof to engaged the
substructure.
Subclass:
973
Gravity bolthead, nut or washer:
Art collection under art collection 955 wherein (a) the
device is heavier on one side than the other, or (b) the
device is seated in or carried by a washer heavier on one
side than on the other.
Subclass:
974
Side lock:
Art collection under art collection 955 wherein an exterior
sides surface of the device is locked to prevent rotation.
Subclass:
975
Rotatable washer:
Art collection under art collection 974 having a washer which
turns with the device as single piece, the locking action
taking place between the washer and the substructure.
Subclass:
976
Bent tongue-locked:
Art collection under art collection 975 wherein the washer is
locked to a side surface of the device and a nonelastic
washer portion is deformed to engage a portion of the
substructure.
Subclass:
977
Pawl-locked:
Art collection under art collection 975 wherein the washer
and the substructure are interlocked by a resilient dog which
locks the device in movement in one direction, permitting
free movement in the other.
Subclass:
978
Pawl and ratchet:
Art collection under art collection 974 wherein the device is
locked by a resilient dog against movement in one direction,
permitting free movement in the other.
Subclass:
979
Resilient:
Art collection under art collection 974 wherein the locking
means has a part which is yieldable to permit rotation of the
device.
Subclass:
980
Automatic:
Art collection under art collection 979 wherein the locking
mechanism engages and locks by the mere rotation of the
device to the fastening position.
Subclass:
981
Coiled washer:
Art collection under art collection 980 wherein the device is
locked by a washer coiled about the device and having a
portion engaging a side surface of the device.
Subclass:
982
Spring-tongued washer plate:
Art collection under art collection 980 having a washer or
plate, and one or more resilient dogs or tabs engaging the
side surface of the device.
Subclass:
983
Inelastic tongue:
Art collection under art collection 974 having an element
mounted between the inner face of the device and the
substructure with a deformable portion bent against the side
of the device after it is turned to the fastening position.
(1) Note. The element must lock the device which is
directly seated thereon.
Subclass:
984
Longitudinal:
Art collection under art collection 974 wherein the locking
mechanism is brought to locking position by a final movement
longitudinally of the bolt after the device is turned to the
fastening position.
(1) Note. The final locking position alone is considered
whatever previous movement the device is received.
Subclass:
985
Bolthead- or nut-held:
Art collection under art collection 984 in which the locking
mechanism is held in place by the device alone.
Subclass:
986
Reversed bolthead or nut:
Art collection under art collection 985 in which the device
is locked by a backward, unfastening turn after moving to the
fastening position.
Subclass:
987
Side pin:
Art collection under art collection 984 wherein a pin seated
in the substructure is moved longitudinally of the bolts so
as to stand against a side thereof.
(1) Note. The side may have a groove for the reception of
the pin.
Subclass:
988
Spike-held locking plate:
Art collection under art collection 984 in which the locking
mechanism is of sheet form and is held against the device by
a nail or other driven fastener extending into the
substructure.
Subclass:
989
Swinging:
Art collection under art collection 984 wherein the locking
mechanism is pivoted to a locking position against the side
surface of the device.
Subclass:
990
Washer tongue-held:
Art collection under art collection 984 wherein the locking
mechanism is held in position by an integral portion of a
washer which, in locking position, extends above a portion of
the device.
Subclass:
991
Transversely sliding:
Art collection under art collection 974 wherein the locking
mechanism is finally reciprocated substantially parallel to
the surface of the substructure after it is turned to the
fastening position so as to lock a side surface of the
device.
Subclass:
992
Key, plate, or bar:
Art collection under art collection 991 wherein the locking
mechanism is a rod or thin member which passes astride or on
one side of the device, parallel to the surface of the
substructure.
Subclass:
993
Bolthead- or nut-held:
Art collection under art collection 992 wherein the locking
mechanism is held in place by the device.
Subclass:
994
Sliding washer:
Art collection under art collection 992 wherein the locking
mechanism is a washer which is reciprocated to locking
position after the device is seated, the washer having a stop
to lock the side surface of the device.
Subclass:
995
Transversely swinging:
Art collection under art collection 995 wherein the locking
mechanism pivots on an axis parallel to the axis of the bolt
so as to engage the side surface of the device.
Subclass:
996
Transverse base-locking key:
Art collection under art collection 955 wherein a key extends
substantially parallel to the surface of the substructure
between the base of the device and the substructure.
Subclass:
997
Longitudinal fastener:
Art collection under art collection 955 wherein means,
parallel to the axis of the bolt, extends through the device
and into the substructure to hold the device from rotation.
Subclass:
998
WITH POSITIVE BOLT LOCK:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Art
collection for fixedly, i.e., nonfrictionally, fastening a
bolt from rotation.
Subclass:
999
WITH RETAINER (E.G., TETHER):
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Art
collection wherein a mass, other than the cooperating threads
on the bolt-shank or the nut or substructure, is provided to
prevent complete separation or loss of an assembled bolt, nut
and substructure, as, e.g., by tethering means, or prevent
their axial or endwise separation while permitting rotation.
(1) Note. The retainer does not prevent the rotation of the
bolt or nut and may even allow its complete withdrawal, the
retainer merely preventing the bolt or nut from being lost by
means as, e.g., a flexible connector.
Information Products Division -- Contacts
Questions regarding this report should be directed to:
U.S. Patent and Trademark Office
Information Products Division
PK3- Suite 441
Washington, DC 20231
tel: (703) 306-2600
FAX: (703) 306-2737
email: oeip@uspto.gov
Last Modified: 6 October 2000