U.S. PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE
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U.S. Patent Classification System - Classification Definitions
as of June 30, 2000
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Class 091
MOTORS: EXPANSIBLE CHAMBER TYPE
Class Definition:
This class is limited to motors for converting the energy of
a pressure fluid into mechanical work in which a charge of
simple pressure fluid is admitted to an expansible chamber,
the expansion of said chamber converting into work only the
original energy of the charge, the charge after expansion of
said chamber being exhausted to some place other than whence
it came, and in which no energy is extracted from the charge
except by expansion of the chamber, said motors when of the
reciprocating or oscillating type including control of the
fluid.
(1) Note. Claims Not Controlling in Patents Prior to 1936.
Patents issued prior to 1936 have not necessarily been
classified by claims so that the placement of these patents
does not necessarily indicate lines of classification.
However, most of the patents regardless of their age have
been placed in accordance with their claimed subject matter.
PLACEMENT OF PATENTS
A. Involving Combination and Subcombination Subclasses:
In many instances the schedule of this class provides for a
combination which requires a given subcombination, and
elsewhere below provides for the subcombination.
The following rule has been followed as to the placement of
the original patent, and as to cross-referencing, and should
be followed in the future.
Where the combination subclass requires the same
subcombination as is provided for in the subcombination
subclass (i.e., subcombination defined with the same
specificity in both subclasses) a patent disclosing the
combination is placed as an original in, or under, the
combination subclass regardless of whether the claims are
directed to the combination or subcombination and is not
cross-referenced to the subcombination subclass. A patent
disclosing only the subcombination and claiming same is
placed as an original in the subcombination subclass and is
not cross-referenced to the combination subclass.
This rule is applicable only in instances where there is but
a single subcombination subclass (i.e., no indented
subclasses), but the combination subclass may be further
subdivided into indented subclasses.
The prime feature of this situation is that the
subcombination must, by definition, be of equal specificity
in the two subclasses. A search for the subcombination, at
least in the case where it is adapted to be used in the
combination, of necessity involves all of the patents in the
combination subclass. Under this system of placing the
patents a complete search of the combination can be made in
the combination subclass, and of the subcombination in both
subclasses without the addition to the search files of the
otherwise necessary cross-reference copies.
The subclasses involved in this combination-subcombination
relationship have been indicated in the schedule by numbers
in parenthesis, as explained in a paragraph after the class
title.
Exemplary of this situation in the indented subclasses
(223-229) provide for a distributor (valve) in the piston of
a cyclically operable motor combination while subclass 422
requires only a valved piston subcombination. As between
these subclasses any patent having a disclosed cyclically
operable motor is placed as an original in subclass 222 or
one of the indented subclasses regardless of whether the
means which makes the motor cyclically operable is claimed
and is not cross-referenced in subclass 422. A complete
search for the subject matter provided for in subclass 422 of
necessity involves all of the patents in subclasses 222+.
B. Involving Ancillary or Auxiliary Expansible Chamber
Motor:
In many instances the claimed motor which provides the basis
of classification for a patent in Class 91 is provided with
another expansible chamber motor which merely performs an
ancillary or auxiliary function for the main motor.
Illustrative of such functions are motor valve or lock, or
lubricator actuation. In such cases the structure or
operation of the ancillary motor does not constitute a basis
for original classification of the patent in the Class 91
schedule unless the patent includes a claim to the auxiliary
motor, per se. However, the patent may be cross-referenced on
the basis of the auxiliary motor. For example, see subclasses
6+ and 282+. Subclasses 6+ provide for fluid supply through
diverse paths to a single expansible chamber. In this case
the chamber must be a chamber of the motor which causes the
patent to be classified in Class 91. Subclasses 282+ provide
for the same type of supply to a motor chamber, but in this
case the motor is an auxiliary motor in that it actuates the
distributor of another motor. This type of control of a
distributor motor does not cause classification of the patent
as an original in subclasses 6+, but cross-reference to
subclasses 6+ is appropriate.
LINES WITH OTHER CLASSES AND WITHIN THIS CLASS
Combinations With Load Devices.
Inasmuch as the basic purpose of a motor is to operate a load
the inclusion of the load in the claim by name only or in
general terms will not exclude a patent from this class. An
exception to this general rule exists where the load on the
motor is a valve. The combination of an expansible chamber
motor and a valve as the load driven thereby, even if the
valve is claimed by name only, is excluded from this class
and will be found in Class 137, Fluid Handling, or Class 251,
Valves and Valve Actuation. A second exception exists where
the claimed nominal load on the motor is an expansible
chamber means solely disclosed as the master of a pulsator.
This combination is classifiable in Class 60, subclasses
533+.
This line also applies where the load is a tool; that is, a
named tool driven by the motor will not exclude a patent from
this class if no tool details are recited. However, if a
support for the work being acted upon by the tool is claimed,
classification in the appropriate tool class results even
though both the tool and the support are claimed by name
only. Also see the Search Class 173 note in section III below
for the line with regard to a nominally claimed tool driven
by an expansible chamber motor combined with other features
such as work cleansing or tool feeding.
No attempt has been made to review the classification of all
patents found in classes relating to loads adapted to be
driven by a motor. Thus, it is to be noted that the original
classification of all patents is not consistent with the
above statement as to nominally claimed loads and this
particularly applies as to classes not recently reclassified.
In those instances in which a body of art is known to exist
in a given class, in which the load on the motor is claimed
only nominally, and especially where the classification of
that class provides for a fluid motor actuator for the
device, currently issuing patents will not be classified as
originals in Class 91 even though the load is only nominally
claimed.
The means which transmits power from the working member of
the motor to the load to be driven (e.g., linkage, gearing,
etc.) is not considered to be the load for the motor. See the
Search Class 74 note in the class definition of Class 91 for
a further discussion of this subject.
RELATIONSHIP TO CLASS 92
Class 92 is directed to expansible chamber devices, per se,
and is related to Class 91 as a subcombination thereof. Class
92 is limited to expansible chamber devices in which the
working member has an oscillating or reciprocating motion to
expand and contract the expansible chamber. Thus, Class 92
cannot take the subcombination of any Class 91 motor in which
the working member is of the rotating type as defined in
subclass 58 of Class 91.
With respect to expansible chamber motors in which the
working member has a reciprocating or oscillating motion to
expand and contract the expansible chamber, Class 92 will
take those patents in which no control of the motive fluid by
a valving action is claimed. Thus, any claimed valving of
motive fluid of an expansible chamber motor in sufficient to
preclude classification is Class 92 even though the valving
claimed may not be all of the valving necessary to cause the
motor to operate in the intended manner. However, if a claim
is for an expansible chamber motor driving a specifically
claimed Class 92 device, then classification is in Class 92
regardless of the details of the expansible chamber motor
recited.
See Class 92, subclasses 3+. For the classification of
various subcombination features of Class 92 devices elsewhere
classified see the class definition and appropriate notes in
Class 92.
With regard to claim interpretation to determine whether
valving is claimed to cause classification in Class 91, or is
not claimed thus permitting classification in Class 92 the
following criteria have been followed:
1. Claims which include a limitation such as "means for
supplying fluid to the motor" or "means supplying fluid to
the motor" are construed as requiring no more than the
conduits or ports which supply the fluid and would,
therefore, not be interpreted as including valving for Class
91.
2. Claims which include a limitation similar to that in (1)
above, but with a further limitation which indicates a change
in supply of working fluid such as--alternately,
periodically, intermittently, pulsing, fluctuating, reversing
flow, etc.--are construed as necessarily including more than
a mere conduit or port and are excluded from Class 92. These
patents would thus be classified on their claimed disclosure
of what performs the noted change in the supply. Thus, a
patent claiming "means (for) alternately supplying motive
fluid to the motor" would be classified in Class 91 if said
means is disclosed as a valve.
3. A port in an expansible chamber wall which is disclosed as
controlled by the working member as, for example, an exhaust
port which is overrun by a piston, together with the working
member constitutes valving for Class 91. If such a port is
claimed classification is in Class 91 regardless of whether
the claim sets forth that the working member controls the
port.
RELATIONSHIP TO CLASS 60
The general line between Class 91 and Class 60 is that if
subject matter relating to power production comprising more
than an expansible chamber motor or more than a plurality of
such motors is claimed, classification is in Class 60 if
otherwise appropriate.
More specifically the line may be categorized as follows:
A. Plural or combined type motors
(1) The combination of a motor classifiable, per se, in Class
91 with a motor of another type (including a pulsator) i.e.,
one which, per se, would be classified in another motor
class, is classified in Class 60. See Class 60 subclasses
698+.
However, the combination of a Class 91 type motor with a
second motor which performs an ancillary function only of the
Class 91 type motor (e.g., valve operating motor) and
provides no power for external use is not excluded from Class
91 even if the second motor is of another type (e.g.,
electric motor).
(2) The combination of a plurality of Class 91 type motors or
a Class 91 type motor having a plurality of working members
(e.g., pistons) is classified in Class 91. See the Search
Class 60 note in subclass 170 of Class 91 for a further
statement of this line.
B. Motive fluid source, modification or exhaust treatment
(1) Pumps.
The inclusion in a claim of a pump broadly which provides
motive fluid for utilization by the Class 91 motor does not
preclude classification in Class 91.
The following examples of terminology have been considered to
be nominal inclusion of a pump and if so claimed would not
preclude classification in Class 91: (a) a pump; (b) a rotary
pump; (c) a motor driven pump; (d) a motor driven rotary
pump; (e) an internal combustion engine having an intake
manifold (as a source of vacuum); (f) a plurality of pumps
arranged in parallel; (g) a circuit comprising a sump, pump
and motor.
The following examples have been considered to be significant
inclusion of a pump, and if so claimed would preclude
classification in Class 91 and cause classification in Class
60, if otherwise appropriate: (a) a pump which is
characterized as to type, e.g., centrifugal, eduction,
constant displacement, variable displacement, pulsator, etc.,
(however, see (b) in the preceding paragraph); (b) a motor
driven pump in which the motor is characterized as to type,
e.g., turbine, electric motor, internal combustion engine
(however, see (e) in the preceding paragraph); (c) a pump
which has any detail thereof recited as, for example, a
"piston"; (d) a plurality of pumps in series; (e) a
particular physical relation between a nominal pump, and (1)
a motor supplied thereby, or (2) with a sump, reservoir or
tank forming part of the circuit supplying the pump. For
example, this particular physical relation may include their
relation in space or mechanical interconnection means.
See particularly Class 60 subclasses 325+.
(2) Accumulators.
A motor having an expansible chamber in constant
communication with an accumulator for pressurized motive
fluid is not precluded from Class 91 regardless of the
specificity with which the accumulator is recited, the
accumulator in this case being considered to be merely a part
of the expansible chamber.
Class 60 takes an accumulator combined with a Class 91 motor
in which a control valve means is interposed between the
accumulator and expansible chamber unless the accumulator is
claimed so broadly as to amount to a mere conduit. See
particularly Class 60, subclasses 325+.
(3) Internal Generation.
Class 60 takes those expansible chamber motors in which the
motive fluid within an expansible chamber is heated or
cooled, as, for example, by a fluid in heat exchange relation
with the interior of the chamber. Such a fluid may be the
same motive fluid used in the chamber either before or after
it passes through the chamber. See Class 60, subclass 508.
(4) Heating, Superheating or External Generation.
An expansible chamber motor having nominally claimed means to
heat or superheat the motive fluid before introduction into
the expansible chamber is not precluded from Class 91. For
example, Class 91 takes a "boiler" combined with an
expansible chamber motor while a "fire tube boiler" combined
with a Class 91 motor would be classified in Class 60. See,
for example, Class 60, subclasses 643+.
Class 91 does not take the combination of an expansible
chamber motor with an explosive generation of motive fluid
even if nominally claimed. See, for example, Class 60,
subclasses 632+.
(5) Exhaust Treatment or Handling.
Class 60 takes combinations involving treatment of motive
fluid after it leaves an expansible chamber where means is
claimed to change some characteristic of the fluid. A
condenser is an example of such a means, but the inclusion of
a condenser in a claim by name only is not sufficient to
preclude a patent from Class 91.
Class 60 also takes combinations involving handling of
exhaust fluid from a fluid motor. This fluid is considered to
be exhaust fluid for Class 60 after it leaves the last
claimed valve means which could affect operation of the Class
91 motor. Handling is considered to necessarily include more
than a mere pipe or chamber to conduct the exhaust fluid
away. A valve for controlling a Class 91 motor, located in
the exhaust line from the motor, designed to direct exhaust
fluid to one or more of a number of exhaust passages is not
exhaust fluid handling for Class 60. However, an exhaust
fluid conductor having a number of ports therein merely for
the purpose of dividing the exhaust stream is more than a
mere chamber or pipe and is classified in Class 60. Claimed
limitations to an elbow, support or other fitting which
constitutes a mere part of the exhaust pipe will be ignored,
but any significant relation of the pipe and motor will
result in classification in the appropriate exhaust treatment
subclass of Class 60. A particular physical relation or
mechanical interconnection between a chamber or reservoir for
receiving exhaust fluid from the motor and the motor has been
considered exhaust handling for Class 60.
C. Pulsators
Class 60 takes pulsator systems in which a generally constant
mass of confined motive fluid passes between pump and motor
expansible chambers and returns to the pump by the same route
or conduit. Class 60 also provides for such pulsator systems
where additional fluid is added to the system whether the
fluid is make-up fluid to replace leakage or pressurized
motive fluid to operate the motor, unless the pressurized
motive fluid is valved by a movable valve element which is
mechanically connected to the pump working member so that
movement of the working member will cause movement of the
valve element. The latter combination is classified in Class
91. See the Search Class 60 note in subclass 6 of Class 91
for a further statement of this line.
It is to be noted that some pulsator systems which involve a
generally constant mass of confined motive fluid include a
valve such as a throttle between the pump and motor. The
claiming of the motor and valve only in such a disclosed
system is excluded from Class 91 in that the fluid does not
exhaust to some place other than whence it came.
Search Class 60 subclasses 533+ for pulsators and pulsator
systems.
RELATIONSHIP TO CLASS 418
Class 418, Rotary Expansible Chamber Devices, takes rotary
expansible chamber motors even though the disclosure and
claims may be restricted to motor use. In some ways Class 418
may be considered to be less comprehensive than Class 91, and
rotary expansible chamber type motors in certain combinations
enumerated below will be classified in Class 91 rather than
Class 418. Unless specifically excluded below a patent to a
rotary expansible chamber type motor as defined in the class
definition of Class 418 will be classified as an original in
Class 418 as opposed to Class 91.
(1) Valving
(a) Cyclic or Position Responsive: Class 418 will take rotary
expansible motors combined with valves for the motive fluid
which have a repetitive pattern or cycle of operation which
is related to the rotation of the motor. These may be termed
cyclic or position responsive valving and include the opening
and closing of inlet or exhaust ports by the movement of this
type valving so as to provide, for example, early cutoff of
supply is also included in Class 418. The inclusion, however,
of means to cutoff operation of the motor after a partial,
full or predetermined number revolutions is excluded from
Class 418 and would cause classification in this class (91).
See for example, subclass 2.
(b) In-line: An in-line valve is defined as one situated in
the normal line of motive fluid flow which acts in some way
to control the flow in the line, but not by diverting the
fluid to a second or subsidiary flow line (e.g., waste).
Class 418 will take all in-line valves combined with a rotary
expansible chamber motor which are controlled by some means
other than a condition of the motive fluid (e.g., manual
throttle) and will also take those which are actuated
directly by the application of the motive fluid thereto
(i.e., direct response valves). Those devices including
in-line valves which are controlled by a motive fluid
condition (e.g., pressure, flow) and in which said valves are
not of the direct response type are excluded from Class 418
and will be classified in Class 91 if otherwise appropriate.
(c) Branched Flow or By-pass:
(1) Separate Valve Means: Those rotary expansible chamber
devices which include a separate valve means (as opposed to a
movable chamber part as discussed in paragraph (2)
immediately below) to divert or by-pass all or a portion of
the motive fluid from its normal or first course of flow to a
second or waste path are excluded from Class 418 regardless
of whether the valve is manually or otherwise controlled
unless the diverted fluid is used merely for a motor
perfecting function such as lubricating, cooling, vane bias,
etc.
(2) Movable Chamber Part: Many rotary expansible chamber
motors have expansible chamber parts which are in running
contact with other chamber parts and which move from a
"normal" or contacting position to a noncontacting position
and in so moving allow passage or by-pass of motive fluid
thereby. Examples of such parts are vanes, abutments, end
plates, etc., and such parts are usually biased into
contacting position by means such as a spring, pressure fluid
conducted from the expansible chamber or the like. Such
devices are not excluded from Class 418 even though the
yielding of the part may be considered to be performing a
by-pass function. However, if motive fluid is conducted to
the part for such a biasing function (e.g., behind end plate)
and there is a controlled application of fluid to or release
of the fluid from the bias area for the disclosed purpose of
by-passing said fluid or conducting it to another point of
disposal such devices are excluded from Class 418 and are
classified in Class 91 if otherwise appropriate.
(3) With Diverse Motor: The combination of a rotary
expansible chamber motor with another motor of a different
type (e.g., reciprocating, etc.), is excluded from Class 418.
Unless the diverse motor is a mere auxiliary of the rotary
expansible chamber motor, as for example, a valve actuating
motor. See Class 91, subclass 61 for a combined rotary
expansible chamber motor and a reciprocating motor. See Class
60, Power Plants, subclasses 698+, for other diverse motors
one of which may be of the rotary expansible chamber type.
The Search Class notes below also include statements of the
line with other classes.
REFERENCES TO OTHER CLASSES
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
60, Power Plants, see (4) Note above for the relationship of
Class 91 and Class 60.
73, Measuring and Testing, subclasses 232+ for expansible
chamber type volume or rate of flow meters. Class 73 includes
expansible chamber meters combined with registering mechanism
and meters incapable of general use as an expansible chamber
motor. A meter is considered to be incapable of such general
use if there is not disclosed means to take power therefrom
for external use such as to a registering mechanism.
Therefore, Class 91 takes an expansible chamber device
disclosed as a meter having means to take power therefrom
such as for an unclaimed registering mechanism.
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, appropriate subclasses for
machine elements and mechanisms, per se, and in combination
with a nominally claimed expansible chamber motor. In general
gearing or linkage included as part of the power output means
from an expansible chamber motor is considered to be basic
subject matter of the motor and would not preclude
classification in Class 91. Also see (2) Note, in subclass 55
of Class 91. For statement of the line between Class 74 and
Class 92, see section III of the class definition Class 92.
92, Expansible Chamber Devices, see (3) Note above for the
relationship of Class 91 and Class 92.
123, Internal-Combustion Engines. The line between Class 91
and Class 123 is one of disclosure. Thus, any patent which
has at least one embodiment of the invention which is
disclosed as an internal combustion engine, and which has a
claim specific to such embodiment, and in which the claim
includes control of the motive fluid, is classified in Class
123 even though the motive fluid control is not necessarily
limited to internal combustion operation.
137, Fluid Handling, subclasses 82+, for pressure modulating
relays or followers for expansible chamber motors. The
positive inclusion in a claim of the expansible chamber motor
which is controlled by the pressure modulating relay or
follower precludes classification in Class 137 and causes
classification in Class 91. See, for example, subclasses 3,
47+ and 52 of Class 91. See subclasses 87+, 455+ and 561+ for
self proportioning or correlating systems, line condition
change responsive valves and multiple or multi-way valves for
expansible chamber motors, respectively. The positive
inclusion in a claim of the motor which is being controlled
by the valve means precludes classification in Class 137. The
inclusion in a claim of a cylinder in combination with a
valve will not exclude a patent from Class 137 on the basis
that a cylinder is the equivalent of a flow path being
controlled by the valve. However, where a cylinder is claimed
as having passages leading to or ports present in opposite
ends thereof (as in a double acting motor) the patent is
excluded from Class 137. Also see (2) Note in section I
above.
172, Earth Working, appropriate subclasses, and especially
subclasses 2+, 464-466 and 491 for expansible chamber motor
operated or adjusted implements and see the reference to
Class 91 in the Search Class section of Class 172 for a
statement of the line.
173, Tool Driving or Impacting, appropriate subclasses for an
expansible chamber fluid motor in a claimed combination
peculiar to tool driving, such as a tool drive means combined
with a tool impacting, work cleaning, tool advancing or
manipulating handle feature. See the class definition of
Class 173 for a complete description of the subject matter
provided for therein. Also see the reference to Class 91 in
section IV of the class definition of Class 173.
180, Motor Vehicles, subclass 53.1 for vehicles with power
take-off means from the vehicle motor to a nominally claimed
load.
187, Elevator, Industrial Lift Truck or Stationary Lift for
Vehicle, especially subclasses 215+ for an expansible
chamber fluid motor and its control in claimed combination
with a more than named stationary lift for raising a vehicle
in its entirety between spaced vertical positions, and
subclasses 272+ for an expansible chamber fluid motor and its
control in claimed combination with a more than named
load-underlying support surface (e.g., external load support
guide structure which is not necessary to the fluid motor
internal drive, particular load-underlying support structure,
elevator counterbalances).
251, Valves and Valve Actuation, appropriate subclasses for
valves and valve actuators for expansible chamber motors. The
positive inclusion in a claim of the motor which is being
controlled by the valve precludes classification in Class
251. The inclusion in a claim of a cylinder in combination
with a valve will not exclude a patent from Class 251 on the
basis that a cylinder is the equivalent of a flow path being
controlled by the valve. Also see (2) Note in section I
above.
415, Rotary Kinetic Fluid Motors or Pumps, appropriate
subclasses for a rotary motor operated by a confined or
directed fluid but not inclusive of "expansible chamber" type
classifiable in Class 418, Rotary Expansible Chamber
Devices.
417, Pumps, appropriate subclasses for expansible chamber
pumps. Many expansible chamber devices, are capable of use
either as a pump or a motor without modification, the only
difference being whether pressure fluid is introduced, and
mechanical power produced (motor) or mechanical power is
introduced and pressure fluid produced (pump). The following
criteria will determine original classification if a patent:
(a) Where the disclosure is that the device can be used as a
pump or motor, classification in Class 91, will result if the
device is claimed as a motor or alternatively as pump or
motor, or generically as an expansible chamber device, for
example. If such a device is claimed as a pump classification
will be in Class 417. (b) Where the device is solely
disclosed as a pump, classification in Class 417 will result
whether claimed generically or specifically. (c) Where the
device is solely disclosed as a motor, classification in
Class 91 will result whether claimed generically or
specifically. (d) Where the device is disclosed and claimed
generically, classification in Class 91 will result. (e) For
an exception to this general line see subclasses 269+ of
Class 417 and (1) Note in subclass 269 for the line between
the art classified thereunder and the art in Class 91,
subclasses 472+.
475, Planetary Gear Transmission Systems or Components, for
planetary gear transmissions, per se. The same line exists
between Class 91 and Class 475 as exists between Class 91 and
Class 74.
477, Interrelated Power Delivery Controls, Including Engine
Control, for interrelated control between an engine and a
transmission, clutch, or brake. Class 477 was formed from
patents in Classes 74 and 192 and so the same line exists
between Classes 91 and 477 as exists between Class 91 and
Classes 74 and 192. subclasses 375+ for expansible chamber
motor driven pumps. The claiming of the pump by name only is
not sufficient to exclude a patent from Class 91, the pump or
piston and cylinder being considered a nominal load or the
equivalent of a crosshead and guide for the motor.
GLOSSARY:
See (3) Note of subclass 418 of Class 91 for definitions of
terms applicable to subclasses 418+ only.
CYLINDER
A rigid external member which permanently surrounds the
piston, the latter constituting a relatively moving wall for
the expansible chamber, the other walls of which are formed
by the cylinder, and the cylinder ordinarily including the
abutment or reaction surface against which the motive fluid
acts or the piston forming the abutment for the cylinder when
the cylinder is movable and the piston fixed. However, the
abutment or reaction surface for the piston need not
necessarily be formed by the cylinder, but may be formed by a
second relatively movable opposed piston within the cylinder.
If the piston withdraws from the cylinder merely to control
the motive fluid, the piston is still considered to be
permanently surrounded by the cylinder.
DISTRIBUTOR
Means which comprises or includes a part which is movable
relative to the working member of a cyclically operable motor
to control a motive fluid port or passage in such a manner as
to cyclically control inlet and/or exhaust flow of motive
fluid to or from the motor. The distributor need not entirely
cut off the motive fluid flow, but may cyclically control the
amount of flow (i.e., throttling).
MOTIVE FLUID
The fluid (expansible or inexpansible) which is introduced
into or withdrawn from a working chamber of the motor to
cause the working member to move. The term "motive fluid"
applies to the fluid from the point of origin to the point of
disposal. Fluid which is withdrawn from the motive fluid
supply to perform some other motor function, such as motor
valve operation, is still considered to be motive fluid even
though said fluid never enters the working chamber of the
motor. Atmospheric air which acts upon the working member of
a vacuum motor is not considered to be motive fluid unless
the atmospheric air is controlled in some manner, as by
valving. In a vacuum motor the fluid which is evacuated from
the working chamber is considered to be exhaust motive fluid
and the atmospheric air, if controlled, is considered to be
inlet motive fluid.
NON-WORKING CHAMBER
A chamber of the motor which expands and contracts incident
to movement of the working member, and which is neither
expanded nor contracted to do work by fluid supplied to or
evacuated from said chamber.
WORKING CHAMBER
A chamber into which motive fluid is introduced or from which
motive fluid is withdrawn (vacuum) to cause the working
member to move to perform work, the chamber expanding or
contracting incident to the movement of the working member. A
chamber of a vacuum motor to which atmospheric air has free
ingress and egress without any control thereof is not a
working chamber. However, a chamber of a vacuum motor in
which atmospheric air acts and some control is exercised over
the atmospheric air is a working chamber.
WORKING MEMBER
A movable wall of the expansible chamber to which motive
fluid is applied or to which atmospheric air is applied in
the case of vacuum motor, said wall moving as a result of the
application of the motive fluid and in so moving doing work
for utilization by means other than the motor or some part
thereof. In a reciprocating motor this term is generic to
both a moving piston and a moving cylinder. The working
member is considered to include the movable wall to which
motive fluid is applied as well as all parts which are rigid
therewith (e.g., piston rod). However, a pair of separate
movable walls disposed in separate working chambers (i.e.,
chambers which are not in fluid communication during at least
some part of the operation of the motor), even though rigidly
connected together, are considered to be plural working
members if the application of motive fluid thereto urges both
walls in the same direction. A working member has a single
working surface which surface may have two or more relatively
movable faces so long as adjacent faces are always an
extension of each other (e.g., flexible diaphragm or
bellows).
SUBCLASSES
Subclass:
1
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus having (1) signals, indicators, registers,
recorders, or gauges for indicating a condition or the
position of a motor part such as a piston, control member,
valve, etc., such devices consisting of relatively movable,
changeable or audible information giving parts, or (2)
transparent viewing means whereby the motor operation or the
condition of some part thereof may be observed.
(1) Note. For classification under part (1) of this
definition there must be either an indicia or an audible or
visual signal. Relative to indicia, there must be graduation
or markings in the disclosure as claimed. Where it is
indicated that the mere position of a motor part is
indicative of a condition of the motor (e.g., valve handle
position corresponds to motor position) classification under
this definition does not result unless some cooperating
indicia are included.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
73, Measuring and Testing, subclasses 232+ for expansible
chamber type volume or rate of flow meters and see section
III of the class definition of this class for a general
statement of the line between this class and Class 73.
92, Expansible Chamber Devices, subclass 5 for signals
indicators or inspection windows for expansible chamber
devices.
340, Communications: Electrical, subclasses 500+ for
electrical automatic condition responsive indicating
systems.
Subclass:
2
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus in which the motor has a working member which
operates through a given cycle, i.e., from a given position
through a revolution or reciprocation back to the starting
position so as to be in condition to repeat the cycle, and
having means for stopping or modifying the operation of the
motor responsive to working member travel through a definite
preselected number of cycles greater than one.
(1) Note. This definition does not include those motors
which operate for a predetermined period of time and then are
stopped or controlled in some way even though for a given
speed it could be determined how many cycles or revolutions
would be made in a given period of time.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 35+ for expansible chamber motors having means
to start, stop or change the mode of operation thereof after
passage of a predetermined time. See (1) Note above.
subclasses 355+ for motors having control means to cut off
the motor after the working member has made one complete
cycle of operation.
Subclass:
3
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus including means for providing a jet stream of
motive fluid and a receiving orifice to receive all or a
portion of the jet stream, motive fluid being conducted from
the orifice to a working chamber of the motor to cause
operation thereof, movement of the motor being controlled by
varying the proportion of the jet stream which enters the
orifice.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
137, Fluid Handling, subclass 83 for jet control type
pressure modulating relays or followers, per se.
Subclass:
4
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus in which the motor is provided with a quantity of
trapped liquid which is applicable to the working member to
move same, means to apply pneumatic pressure directly to said
trapped liquid to actuate said working member and valve means
for controlling the pneumatic fluid.
(1) Note. Pneumatic fluid under this definition is
considered to be any fluid in the gaseous state.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
60, Power Plants, subclasses 547+ for hydraulic pulsators,
i.e. a motor piston and pump piston with a trapped quantity
of fluid there-between, and means to apply pneumatic pressure
to the pump piston to actuate the motor piston.
92, Expansible Chamber Devices, subclass 81 for expansible
chamber devices in which the working member forms a reservoir
for noncompressible working fluid and subclass 142 for
expansible chamber devices having a reservoir for
noncompressible working fluid.
Subclass:
5
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus in which the working member of the motor is
operated by a charge of expansible motive fluid which has
been completely isolated in a storage chamber separate from
the expansible chamber; i.e., the storage chamber at a given
time is cut off from both the source of supply and the
expansible chamber.
(1) Note. The storage chamber generally holds only a
sufficient quantity of motive fluid for one stroke of the
working member and is recharged before each succeeding
stroke.
(2) Note. The charge of motive fluid from the storage
chamber may constitute the only motive fluid for impelling
the working member or may be supplemented with additional
motive fluid.
(3) Note. The storage chamber may not be another expansible
chamber of the motor or another motor.
Subclass:
6
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus in which a working chamber of the motor is provided
with inlet motive fluid which is supplied from different
sources at different times or flows through supply paths that
are different at the will of the operator or under different
operating conditions so as to supply force to act on the same
face of the working member at different times.
(1) Note. The supply paths are considered to be different
under this definition if the motive fluid flows through one
path at one time and flows through the same path and
additionally through another path at another time.
(2) Note. Different positions of the motor working member
are considered to be different operating conditions under
this definition.
(3) Note. Inlet motive fluid under this definition is
considered to be any fluid supplied to the expansible chamber
during expansion thereof for the purpose of driving the
working member. Also, motive fluid which is admitted to a
contracting chamber to cushion the working member prior to
admission of motive fluid to expand the chamber is also
considered to be inlet motive fluid.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 282+ for cyclically operable expansible chamber
motors having a fluid actuated distributor with fluid
supplied to the distributor motor through diverse flow
paths.
436 for expansible chamber motors in which inlet fluid to an
expanding working chamber is selectively supplemented by
fluid pressurized in the contracting chamber.
441 for expansible chamber motors in which a valve is
provided to permit ambient fluid to be drawn into a working
chamber thereof as, for example, when the load is moving the
working member to expand the chamber faster than inlet fluid
can be supplied.
464 for double acting expansible chamber motors having means
to simultaneously open opposed working chambers to inlet
motive fluid.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
60, Power Plants, subclasses 563+ for pulsator systems in
which the normally constant mass of motive fluid confined
between pump and motor chambers of a pulsator system is
increased by the addition of pressurized motive fluid from a
valve-controlled motive fluid supply means so that the motor
is supplied with motive fluid from diverse flow paths.
Inclusion of any details of the pulsator pump, for example,
reciting the piston or even reciting broadly the type of pump
(e.g., "pulsator pump") is sufficient to cause classification
in Class 60 although patents merely reciting a "pump" will be
classified in Class 91, subclasses 6+ even where the pump is
disclosed as being a pulsator type. It is to be noted that a
pair of pistons of the same size in the same uniform diameter
cylinder with a confined body of fluid therebetween is not a
pulsator system, but is considered to be a mere transmission
or two piece piston and does not preclude classification of a
patent in Class 91. The combination of two pistons in the
same cylinder with an additional, controlled supply of motive
fluid to the space therebetween, is construed as a means to
vary the size of the piston and thus limit the stroke or
alternatively, as a Class 91 type working chamber which,
after expansion, is filled with locked up fluid which may
constitute a fluid link transmission to transmit the output
of another working member. See, for example, subclasses 167+
of Class 91. Also see section C of (4) Note of the class
definition of Class 91; and subclasses 17+, 51+ and 57+ for
specific pumps which form diverse paths and sources of
pressurized fluid for a Class 91 motor. See (4) Note under
the class definition of Class 91 defining the degree of
specificity of the pump which results in classification of
Class 60.
Subclass:
6.5
This subclass is indented under subclass 6. Apparatus
comprising three or more cylinders each cylinder being
provided with relatively reciprocating piston (includes
diaphragm) to thereby form a plurality of working chambers,
the cylinders or a transmission element in common operative
engagement with said cylinders or pistons being adapted to
rotate about a fixed axis; said cylinders being physically
arranged in a manner such that their longitudinal axis either
(1) intersect at a common point or (2) extend parallel to
said axis of rotation, and in which motive fluid is supplied
to at least one of said cylinders through diverse flow
paths.
(1) Note. Plural cylinder motors of the above defined type
in which each cylinder receives motive fluid through
different supply paths for the sole purpose of causing more
than one expansion and contraction cycle of the working
chambers during each complete revolution of 360 deg. of the
cylinders of rotary transmission are not intended to form
subject matter under this definition and are therefor
excluded hereunder.
(2) Note. See note in Class 417, Pumps, subclass 269 for a
statement of the line between this class and Class 417
regarding plural cylinder devices of the above defined type.
Subclass:
7
This subclass is indented under subclass 6. Apparatus in
which the motor is capable of reciprocatory motion through a
cycle by a forward stroke and a return stroke to the starting
point and wherein the motor (1) may be operated continuously
repeating said cycle without manual intervention with motive
fluid being supplied to a working chamber thereof through one
supply path or (2) may at the will of the operator, be
operated through a full or partial forward or return stroke
utilizing a different motive fluid supply path to said
working chamber.
(1) Note. The non-cyclic operation may be, for example, for
the purpose of operating the motor as a servo motor or for
placing the working member in a fixed stopped position or for
starting the working member when on dead center.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 282+ for motors which may be made to operate
cyclically or noncyclically by supplying fluid through
diverse flow paths to a motor which operates a distributor
therefor.
Subclass:
8
This subclass is indented under subclass 6. Apparatus wherein
the motor is provided with at least two expansible working
chambers, a prior one of the chambers receiving expansible
motive fluid and having a passage for exhausting the fluid
into a subsequent chamber for expansion therein; and wherein
a further fluid passage is provided which may be used to
additionally supply motive fluid to the subsequent chamber
simultaneously with the exhaust fluid from the prior
chamber.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
11 for expansible chamber motors which operate by multiple
expansion, i.e., the motive fluid is supplied to a first
working chamber and then discharged to a second working
chamber for expansion therein and which may be modified so
that inlet motive fluid is supplied directly to the second
chamber and the first chamber is exhausted to some place
other than the second chamber.
Subclass:
9
This subclass is indented under subclass 8. Apparatus having
a valve for distributing motive fluid to and between the
working chambers and wherein a movement of the valve from the
normal limits of travel during multiple expansion operation
opens an additional fluid passage allowing motive fluid to be
introduced directly into the subsequent chamber.
Subclass:
10
This subclass is indented under subclass 8. Apparatus having
a valve means for changing the motor to or from the
semicompound type, the valve means responding to some
condition of operation of the motor or the motive fluid.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
28 for an expansible chamber motor in which a second fluid
flow path to the motor is opened in response to a pressure or
flow condition of the motor.
Subclass:
11
This subclass is indented under subclass 6. Apparatus
comprising two or more expansible working chambers having, in
one condition of operation, interconnecting passages whereby
a prior one of the chambers receives motive fluid and then
exhausts the motive fluid into the subsequent chamber for
expansion therein; and wherein additional passage means is
provided, in another condition of operation, for introducing
motive fluid from the source to the subsequent chamber, the
subsequent chamber then receiving no fluid from the first
chamber.
(1) Note. This definition does not include motors in which
motive fluid is supplied to a first expansible chamber and
then directed to a second expansible chamber while the first
is still in communication with the supply so as to in effect
provide direct communication between the second chamber and
the supply.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 8+ for expansible chamber motors of the multiple
expansion type wherein motive fluid may optionally be
supplied directly to a subsequent working chamber in addition
to fluid supplied thereto from a prior working chamber.
Subclass:
12
This subclass is indented under subclass 6. Apparatus
comprising a cyclically operable motor and motive fluid
distributing valve means operated incident to the operation
of the motor for causing the cyclic operation and means for
reversing the motive fluid flow to and from the motor for a
given position of the motor.
(1) Note. For the definition of a cyclically operable motor
see the definition of subclass 218 of this class.
(2) Note. The means for reversing the motive fluid flow
causes the motive fluid to flow to a given chamber through
different paths for the two conditions of operation.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
30 for expansible chamber motors of other than the
cyclically operable type having serially arranged reversing
valves.
Subclass:
13
This subclass is indented under subclass 12. Apparatus in
which fluid connections to the motor for a given position of
the motor are reversed by adjusting the distributor seat,
i.e., the part of the distributor which is fixed during
normal cyclic operation of the motor.
(1) Note. See (2) Note of subclass 218 of this class for the
definition of distributor.
Subclass:
14
This subclass is indented under subclass 12. Apparatus
comprising separately actuatable means to additionally
operate the distributor of the motor so as to reverse the
fluid connections to the motor for a given position of the
motor.
(1) Note. See (2) Note of subclass 218 of this class for the
definition of distributor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
13 for cyclically operable expansible chamber motors in
which the parts are reversed by shifting the distributor
seat.
Subclass:
15
This subclass is indented under subclass 12. Apparatus
comprising further valve means arranged in series with the
distributing valve means and operable to reverse the fluid
connections between the distributing valve means and the
motor for a given position of the distributing valve means,
the further valve means being located between the
distributing valve means and the motor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
30 for expansible chamber motors of other than the
cyclically operable type having serially arranged reversing
valves.
Subclass:
16
This subclass is indented under subclass 6. Apparatus in
which the working chamber is supplied with relatively high
pressure fluid to drive the working member and is supplied
with a relatively lower pressure fluid when the high pressure
fluid is cut off and the motor is coasting (i.e., being
driven by the load) to prevent vacuum build-up in the working
chamber.
(1) Note. This is an art group in which the momentum of the
load (e.g., locomotive) drives the motor working member after
the motive fluid has been cut off with lower fluid pressure
being supplied when the high pressure supply is cut off.
While the lower pressure fluid may not actually drive the
working member because of the momentum of the load, it must
be supplied in such a manner as to provide a driving force to
the working member in the absence of the load. Thus, a
simultaneous application of lower pressure fluid to opposed
working chambers is not included under this definition.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 437+ for expansible chamber motors having a
by-pass between opposed working chambers which is controlled
independently of the inlet and exhaust control valve means.
The by-pass in many instances is to prevent pressure or
vacuum build up in a motor which is coasting.
441 for expansible chamber motors in which a valve is
provided to permit ambient fluid to be drawn into a working
chamber thereof as, for example, when the motor is coasting.
464 for double acting expansible chamber motors having means
to simultaneously open opposed working chambers to either
inlet or exhaust.
Subclass:
17
This subclass is indented under subclass 16. Apparatus in
which the lower pressure fluid is cut off from the motor in
response to the speed of operation of the motor falling below
a given amount.
(1) Note. This definition does not include drifting valves
which are controlled by a pressure condition of the motor
which pressure condition may incidentally be indicative of
the speed of the motor.
Subclass:
18
This subclass is indented under subclass 16. Apparatus in
which the lower pressure fluid is controlled by the pressure
condition in the higher pressure line or in a motor working
chamber.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 28+ for expansible chamber motors in which
motive fluid is supplied to a working chamber through
different flow paths, the flow in the second path being
activated by a pressure or flow condition in the first path.
33 for expansible chamber motors in which motive fluid is
supplied to a working chamber through different flow paths,
the activation of one path acting to disable a second flow
path by the pressure of fluid acting in said one path as, for
example, by a shuttle valve.
Subclass:
19
This subclass is indented under subclass 6. Apparatus in
which the supply of motive fluid to a working chamber of the
motor through one path is effective to cause the working
member to move to a given position or within a given limited
range and then stop and the supply to said working chamber
through a second path is effective to move the working member
to a different position or through a different limited range
and then stop.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
357 for expansible chamber motor in which the stop position
of the working member is controlled by selectively venting
any of a number of exhaust ports.
Subclass:
20
This subclass is indented under subclass 6. Apparatus in
which at least one of the flow paths of the motive fluid
supply is controlled as a result of the motor working member
or load attaining a given position or is incapable of being
controlled until the working member or load has attained a
given position.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
5 for expansible chamber motors having position responsive
fluid supply through diverse flow paths to a single working
chamber wherein the supply in one path includes a trapped
motive fluid charge.
Subclass:
21
This subclass is indented under subclass 20. Apparatus
comprising a rotating working member or chamber.
(1) Note. For the definition of rotating working member or
chamber see subclass 58.
Subclass:
22
This subclass is indented under subclass 20. Apparatus in
which the motor is of the reciprocating type wherein when the
motor working member is moving in one direction and
approaching the end of the stroke an initial charge of motive
fluid is admitted to the contracting chamber in response to
the working member attaining a given position, usually to
cushion the movement of the working member, and then an
additional charge of motive fluid is supplied through a
different supply path to cause the working member to move in
the opposite direction on the return stroke.
Subclass:
23
This subclass is indented under subclass 22. Apparatus in
which the motor is of the double acting type, the initial
charge of motive fluid being supplied to the contracting
chamber from the expanding chamber.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
399 for expansible chamber motors in which motive fluid is
by passed from an expanding chamber to an opposed otherwise
closed contracting chamber so as, for example, to cushion
movement of the working member.
Subclass:
24
This subclass is indented under subclass 20. Apparatus in
which a working chamber is supplied with motive fluid through
a first supply path and in response to the working member
attaining a given position further motive fluid is supplied
to said chamber through a second path with the first path
remaining open.
Subclass:
25
This subclass is indented under subclass 24. Apparatus in
which the second supply path includes a supply port in the
working chamber which is closed by the working member or a
relatively movable part carried on the working member, the
working member or said relatively movable part acting to open
said supply port in response to movement of the working
member.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
21 for rotary expansible chamber motors having an additional
inlet path opened in response to the position of the rotary
working member.
Subclass:
26
This subclass is indented under subclass 25. Apparatus in
which said first supply path is provided with (1) a self
acting valve which opens in response to motive fluid flow to
permit substantially unrestricted flow into the working
chamber, but is self closing to prevent exhaust flow from the
working chamber, or (2) a valve which may be manually
operated to vary the flow capacity of said first supply
path.
Subclass:
27
This subclass is indented under subclass 20. Apparatus in
which motive fluid is concurrently supplied to a working
chamber through a plurality of flow paths, one of said paths
being closed in response to the working member attaining a
given position while the other supply path remains open.
Subclass:
28
This subclass is indented under subclass 6. Apparatus in
which motive fluid is supplied to the working chamber through
one path and in response to a flow or pressure condition in
said flow path a second inlet flow path to said working
chamber is opened.
(1) Note. The working chamber is considered to be part of
the flow path. Thus, sensing of pressure in the working
chamber to activate the second inlet flow path is included
under this definition.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
18 for cyclically operable expansible chamber motors in
which low pressure fluid is supplied to the working chamber
when the high pressure fluid is cut off and the motor is
coasting or drifting (e.g., locomotive), the low pressure
fluid being controlled in response to the pressure in the
high pressure line.
33 for expansible chamber motors having diverse motive fluid
supply paths to a single expansible chamber in which the
pressure or flow of motive fluid in one path is effective to
cut off or deactivate a second supply path.
436 for expansible chamber motors in which inlet motive
fluid to an expanding chamber is supplemented by fluid
pressurized in an opposed contacting chamber.
Subclass:
29
This subclass is indented under subclass 28. Apparatus in
which the second inlet flow path to the working chamber is
opened in response to an increase in pressure of the motive
fluid in the first inlet flow path.
Subclass:
30
This subclass is indented under subclass 6. Apparatus
comprising a double acting reciprocating motor having opposed
working chambers, motive fluid inlet and exhaust lines and a
pair of valves serially arranged between the inlet and
exhaust lines on the one hand and the opposed working
chambers on the other hand, each of said valves being
controllable to connect the motive fluid inlet to one of said
chambers while the other chamber is connected to exhaust or
vice versa.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 12+ for a cyclically operable expansible chamber
motor and means for reversing the connections of the
distributing valve and motor and especially subclass 15 where
said means comprises a reversing or selector valve located
between the distributing valve and motor.
Subclass:
31
This subclass is indented under subclass 6. Apparatus in
which one of the flow paths to the working chamber has
throttling means therein to restrict the flow of motive fluid
to the working chamber.
Subclass:
32
This subclass is indented under subclass 6. Apparatus wherein
when motive fluid is supplied to a working chamber through
one supply path another motive fluid supply path to said
chamber is inactivated and does not supply motive fluid to
the chamber when said one supply path is active.
(1) Note. Under this definition the two supply paths must be
separate, i.e., one supply path may not include two
simultaneous flow lines and the other comprise one of said
lines as set forth in (1) Note of subclass 6.
Subclass:
33
This subclass is indented under subclass 32. Apparatus in
which motive fluid from said one supply path acts on valve
means in the second supply path to cut off said second path
to the working chamber.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
18 for cyclically operable expansible chamber motors in
which low pressure fluid is supplied to the working chamber
when the high pressure fluid is cut off and the motor is
coasting or drifting (e.g., locomotive), the pressure in the
high pressure line acting to disable the low pressure line
when the high pressure line is activated.
Subclass:
34
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus in which a motor having a reciprocating working
member is provided with means by which the reciprocating
member is moved through a complete cycle by application of
motive fluid alternately to opposed working faces thereof and
alternately is moved through a complete cycle with motive
fluid being applied to only one working face thereof during a
portion of the cycle.
Subclass:
35
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus including means separate from the motor to (1)
cause or permit the motor to operate or not to operate for a
period of time and then act to start, stop or change the mode
of operation of the motor; or (2) cause the motor to operate
through a given reciprocating cycle of operation
repetitiously; the operation of said means being independent
of and not controlled by the operation of the motor or a
pressure or flow condition of the motive fluid supplied to or
exhausted from the motor and not requiring the intervention
of a human operator.
(1) Note. The means is not considered to be independent of
the motor and is not included under this definition if its
operation is initiated by the motor.
(2) Note. The means separate from the motor may not be
another motor which produces power for external use such as
the first stage of a multiple expansion engine.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 152+ for expansible chamber motors of the
multiple expansion type.
subclasses 170+ for expansible chamber motors having
multiple working members one of which acts as or controls the
valve means for the other.
subclasses 218+ and especially 219, 282+, 284+, and 289 for
cyclically operable expansible chamber motors including means
to delay the shift of a distributor after initiation of the
shift by the working member.
364 for expansible chamber motors having feedback control
and means to delay operation of the valve means in response
to the feedback signal from the motor working member.
393 for expansible chamber motors having position initiated
timing or delay means for controlling motive fluid.
Subclass:
36
This subclass is indented under subclass 35. Apparatus
including a plurality of working members, each being capable
of movement independent of the other, and each being provided
with independently operable timing, delay, pattern or cyclic
control.
Subclass:
37
This subclass is indented under subclass 35. Apparatus in
which there is provided an information carrying device such
as a perforated tape, cam or the like, said device being
driven or moved independently relative to and not controlled
by the motor and means operated by said device for causing
the motor to operate in accordance with the information
carried thereby.
(1) Note. This definition is limited to those devices in
which the information carrying device is driven independently
of the motor and would continue to feed control signals to
the motor even in the event that the motor is not following
(e.g., motor jammed) as distinct from a fixed pattern or the
like wherein a follower element is driven by the motor and
follows the pattern only because it is driven by the motor.
However, this definition includes holding the information
carrying device stationary and independently driving a tracer
or pick up device over it.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
251, Valves and Valve Actuation, subclass 3 for a pattern or
tracer controlled actuator for a valve which may be disclosed
as controlling an expansible chamber motor.
Subclass:
38
This subclass is indented under subclass 35. Apparatus in
which there is a fluid actuated valve which is operated after
a predetermined time or delay to control the motor, the
timing or delay means comprising a chamber of predetermined
volume to which the valve actuating fluid flows at a limited
rate and which must be filled by said fluid before the fluid
actuates said valve to control the motor.
Subclass:
39
This subclass is indented under subclass 35. Apparatus in
which the motor has a cycle of operation in which the working
member moves in one direction, reverses its direction of
movement and returns to the original position, so as to be in
condition to repeat the operation, and in which a distributor
is provided to control the flow of motive fluid to cause the
motor to operate through said cycle, said distributor being
driven independently of said motor and not in consequence of
motion or operation of the motor to cause the motor to
operate continuously repeating said cycle.
(1) Note. For the definition of distributor see (2) Note of
subclass 218 of this class.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
2 for expansible chamber motors having means to stop or
change the mode of operation of same after a predetermined
number of cycles or revolutions.
subclasses 218+ for cyclically operable expansible chamber
motors in which the motive fluid is controlled as a
consequence of motor working member movement or cyclic change
of pressure in a working chamber.
429 for expansible chamber motors having independent means
to drive a distributor valve to provide pulses of fluid to
opposite sides of a working member to maintain the working
member in a "ready" or static friction-free state.
Subclass:
40
This subclass is indented under subclass 39. Apparatus in
which the distributor is driven by a fluid motor other than
and not controlled by the motor which is controlled by the
distributor.
(1) Note. The motor which drives the distributor may not
produce power for external use.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 170+ for expansible chamber motors having a
plurality of working members in which one working member is
controlled by the position of another working member.
Subclass:
41
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus which includes releasable means for holding a
working member against movement, in at least one direction,
and in which means for controlling said holding means to
provide holding and/or release of the working member is so
related to means for controlling the flow of motive to or
from the motor that operation of the means for controlling
the flow of motive fluid to produce starting or stopping of
the working member will result in operation of the holding
means to produce holding or release of the working member,
or, operation of the means for controlling the holding means
to produce holding or release of the working member will
result in operation of the fluid flow control means to
produce starting or stopping of fluid flow to or from the
motor.
(1) Note. Motive fluid, so controlled as to be confined or
entrapped and which thereby prevents movement of the working
member, is not to be considered as locking means under this
definition.
(2) Note. Locking means for the working member which is
operated only as a consequence of movement of the working
member, even though such movement is produced in response to
control of motive fluid applied to the working member, is not
to be considered as related to the motive fluid control means
in such a way as to be included under this definition.
(3) Note. It is immaterial whether the locking means is
applied to the working member, a transmission member or the
load, provided that operation of the locking means to holding
position, in some position of the working member, will hold
the working member against movement in at least one
direction. If the locking means is applied to hold a
transmission member or the load only at the limit of movement
of the working member in one direction and does not also hold
the working member against movement in the opposite direction
it is not to be considered as holding the working member, and
is therefore not included under this definition, even though
the locking means is correlated with the motive fluid control
means.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
92, Expansible Chamber Devices, subclass 8 for means to
control flow of non-working arresting fluid for the working
member of an expansible chamber device, subclasses 15+ for
controllable means to prevent movement of the working member
of an expansible chamber device and then subclasses 19+ for
means engageable between the working member of an expansible
chamber device and a relatively movable part to prevent
retraction of the working member.
477, Interrelated Power Delivery Controls, Including Engine
Control, for the combination of an expansible chamber motor
driving a rotary (not oscillating) output shaft and a brake
or lock applied to the shaft, there being a joint control for
the motor and for the brake or lock.
Subclass:
42
This subclass is indented under subclass 41. Apparatus in
which the control means for the motive fluid and the control
means for the holding means are interconnected by electrical
circuit means in such a way as to provide the correlated
operation of the two control means.
Subclass:
43
This subclass is indented under subclass 41. Apparatus in
which the means for controlling the flow of motive fluid and
the working member holding means are operated in response to
the motor working member, or the load driven by the working
member, attaining a given position.
Subclass:
44
This subclass is indented under subclass 41. Apparatus in
which the control means for the motive fluid and for the
locking means are so related that either the locking means or
the motive fluid control means is necessarily operated prior
to operation of the other.
Subclass:
45
This subclass is indented under subclass 41. Apparatus in
which holding and/or release of the working member is
accomplished by control of flow of a nonworking fluid or by
control of fluid flow to a fluid actuated holding means, and
in which the flow of actuating fluid for the holding means,
or the flow of nonworking fluid is controlled by the same
valve, or by a valve which is mechanically interconnected
with a valve, which controls the flow of motive fluid.
(1) Note. The common or interconnected valve means may
control the motive fluid and/or fluid to provide holding of
the working member, directly, or may control actuating fluid
for operating fluid actuated valve means which control the
motive fluid and/or fluid to provide holding.
Subclass:
46
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus including a means provided for the function of
supplying lubricant to relatively moving parts of the motor
(e.g., piston, transmission elements, etc.), said lubricating
means requiring the actuation of a movable motive fluid
control or distribution means.
(1) Note. Merely turning on a motive fluid supply valve, or
actuating a distributor to supply motive fluid to the motor
will inherently supply lubricant since motive fluid
ordinarily carries out a lubricating function, and as such is
excluded from this subclass, even if a separate means to
entrain another material in motive fluid solely for
lubrication is provided, unless said motive fluid supply or
distribution means separately controls the supply of separate
lubricant material, or plural actuation of said supply or
distribution means is required to properly carry out the
lubricating function.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
92, Expansible Chamber Devices, subclasses 153+ for
lubrication means for expansible chamber devices.
Subclass:
47
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus in which a motor working chamber and working member
are in continuous communication with a supply of motive fluid
under all conditions of operation of the motor, the movement
of the motor working member being controlled by the operation
of the motor, the movement of the motor working member being
controlled by the operation of an outlet to selectively or
adjustably connect said working chamber to a region of
continually lower pressure to allow escape of motive fluid,
the pressure in said region being constant (e.g.,
atmospheric).
(1) Note. This definition includes motors in which the
supply line is vented upstream of the motor chamber so long
as the motor chamber is in constant communication with the
pressure source.
(2) Note. The supply of motive fluid under this definition
may be atmospheric air in which case the region of lower
pressure would be a vacuum.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
307 for cyclically operated expansible chamber motors having
a distributor motor with constantly applied actuating fluid
and controlled venting.
subclasses 415+ for expansible chamber differential motors
in which motive fluid is applied to one working face of a
motor to cause motion in one direction and then by-passed to
an opposed larger area working face to cause reverse motion
while the motive fluid is still being applied to said one
face.
Subclass:
48
This subclass is indented under subclass 47. Apparatus in
which the working chamber is provided with a plurality of
outlets or vent passages there being control means for each
of the vent passages which act independently or at different
times or under different conditions.
Subclass:
49
This subclass is indented under subclass 47. Apparatus in
which the working member is provided with a passage therein
and the outlet or vented fluid passes therethrough.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 222+ for cyclically operable expansible chamber
motors in which motive fluid is exhausted through a valved
piston and in which the inlet motive fluid is also
controlled.
subclasses 376+ for expansible chamber motors including
feedback control in which motive fluid is exhausted through a
valved working member and in which the inlet motive fluid is
controlled.
401 for expansible chamber motors in which an expanding
working chamber is vented through the working member in
response to working member position and in which the inlet
motive fluid is also controlled.
422 for expansible chamber motors in which motive fluid is
exhausted through a valved piston and in which the inlet
motive fluid is also controlled.
Subclass:
50
This subclass is indented under subclass 47. Apparatus in
which the motor is of the cyclically operable type.
(1) Note. For the definition of a cyclically operable motor
see subclass 218 of this class.
Subclass:
51
This subclass is indented under subclass 47. Apparatus in
which the motor is provided with opposed working chambers and
a working member having opposed working faces, the motive
fluid being continuously supplied to said opposed chambers
and opposed working member faces the working member being
movable in opposite direction by alternately venting said
working chambers.
Subclass:
52
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus in which a motor working chamber and working member
are in continuous communication with a low pressure region by
means of a restricted outlet under all conditions of
operation of the motor, the movement of the motor working
member being controlled by the operation of means to
selectively or adjustably connect the working chamber to a
source of motive fluid supply.
(1) Note. Motor movement is obtained by supplying motive
fluid in greater quantities than the restricted, open outlet
has capacity to pass.
(2) Note. The restriction of the outlet may be adjustable at
the will of the operator, but those devices in which the
outlet is variably restricted in response to a condition of
operation of the motor are excluded.
(3) Note. The low pressure region may be a source of vacuum
and the controlled motive fluid supply be atmospheric air.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
296 for cyclically operable motors having a motor operated
distributor in which the working chamber of the distributor
has a constantly open throttled exhaust and a controlled
motive fluid supply.
Subclass:
53
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus for turning or starting the rotary shaft of an
engine and having a clutch or gearing connection with the
engine which is disengaged from or which permits the engine
shaft to rotate while the starting motor is inoperative.
(1) Note. The inclusion in the claim of the engine by name
only or only that part of the engine which cooperates with
the starting or rotating motor will not act to exclude a
patent from this definition.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
55 for expansible chamber motors combined with a clutch or
disengageable gearing which may be selectively operated.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
60, Power Plants, subclasses 625+ for an internal
combustion engine with structure for rotating or starting it
by pressure fluid.
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, subclasses 6+ for
mechanical movement or gearing engageable with a machine for
starting the machine and in which conventional means applies
power to the mechanical movements or gearing.
123, Internal-Combustion Engines, subclass 179.1 for
internal combustion engine starting devices.
192, Clutches and Power-Stop Control, subclass .07 for the
combination of a motor and a clutch in which the motor
control operates the clutch control and subclass .096 for the
combination of a motor and clutch having separate controls
which are interrelated.
Subclass:
54
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus, (1) adapted to be rearranged to perform different
functions; or (2) adapted to be altered so as to operate in a
different way or change its function or enhance its operation
in some way by (a) disassembling the apparatus in some
portion and then reassembling the apparatus with the same or
different portion, (b) disassembling some portion from the
apparatus, or (c) assembling some portion of the apparatus.
(1) Note. The change in the apparatus must be more than
merely placing a part in one of a series of holes such as
piston controlled vent ports or in general making a change
which amounts to only an adjustment such as, for example,
adjusting the valve actuating linkage for a motor operated
valve.
(2) Note. A part which is disassembled and reversed to
present a new wearing surface is included under this
definition.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
34 for expansible chamber motors of the single acting type
changeable to or from the double acting type.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
60, Power Plants, subclasses 625+ for an internal
combustion engine that may be rotated by the admission of
pressure fluid and subclass 698 for a system of convertible
or combined motors.
92, Expansible Chamber Devices, subclass 59 for expansible
chamber devices which are convertible or changeable by
assembly or disassembly facilitating means for expansible
chamber devices.
123, Internal-Combustion Engines, subclass 22 for engines
operable as either internal combustion or air engines.
417, Pumps, subclass 237 for devices having means for
changing a pumping mechanism so that it may function as a
motor and vice versa.
Subclass:
55
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus combined with means, which means if claimed, per
se, would be classified in another class and which is not
merely a part or subcombination of the motor.
(1) Note. In view of Class 92 and the intimate relationship
thereof with this class many subject matters which ordinarily
would be considered to be combined when claimed in
combination with the basic subject matter of this Class 91
are not considered to be combined herein and are excluded
under this definition. The following basis has been used to
determine whether certain subject matter is to be considered
as combined under this definition. If Class 92 specifically
provides a basis of classification for the subject matter
under consideration combined with the subject matter of Class
92 then said subject matter combined with basic subject
matter of this Class 91 will be excluded from this
definition. The miscellaneous combined subclass of Class 92
(92-145) is not considered to specifically provide a basis of
classification for any combined device. For example, subject
matter of this class combined with a fluid purifying means as
provided for in 92-78 or with a nonsealing cleaning means as
provided for in 92-87 would be excluded from this
definition.
(2) Note. Inasmuch as a motor must transmit its power to the
load to be driven thereby there is ordinarily some power
transmitting mechanism between the motor working member and
load. This power transmitting mechanism is ordinarily termed
the "transmission" and may include a single rigid element
such as a piston rod or may include a number of relatively
movable elements such as a lever or linkage system. Any
element of the transmission which necessarily partakes of a
given motion or pattern of motion dependent upon the motion
of the motor working member is considered to be basic subject
matter of the motor and is excluded from this definition.
However, when the transmission includes some part which does
not necessarily partake of a given motion in accordance with
the motion of the motor working member, such as a selectively
engageable clutch, this no longer constitutes basic subject
matter for this class and causes classification under this
definition. The mere inclusion in the transmission of a lost
motion or resilient connection will not cause classification
under this definition.
(3) Note. Apparatus found in this subclass includes for
example, motors having a selectively engageable clutch or
gear in a transmission from the motor to a load and motors
having means to prevent formation of ice or to break up ice
in the exhaust passage from the motor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
53 for expansible chamber motors for starting or rotating an
engine and having a disengageable clutch or gearing
connection therewith.
391 for expansible chamber motors with a manual actuator
which may be clutched to the working member to move the load
in the absence of operation of the motor.
Subclass:
59
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus in which a variation of rotational load imposed
upon the rotating shaft of the motor controls the flow of
motive fluid to or from the motor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
76 for rotary expansible chamber motors in which the motive
fluid is controlled by the speed of the motor.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, subclass 731.1 for gearing
with fluid drive having speed and/or torque responsive ratio
change and see the search notes thereunder.
192, Clutches and Power-Stop Control, subclass .032 and .034
for interrelated motor and clutch controls having automatic
torque responsive control and see the search notes
thereunder.
475, Planetary Gear Transmission Systems or Components,
subclasses 31+, for fluid drive or control of planetary
gearing.
Subclass:
61
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus in which there is provided a plurality of working
chambers, each having a working member moving therein, at
least one other working member having to-and-fro motion
whereby the working members expand and contract the
respective working chambers.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
60, Power Plants, subclasses 698+ for a system of combined
or convertible motors.
173, Tool Driving or Impacting, subclass 105 for impact
delivering devices having a separate motor to rotate a driven
element.
Subclass:
151
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus in which one or more working members act to form a
progression of completely isolated expanding working chambers
by a unidirectional movement.
(1) Note. Motors comprising a series of working members or a
single working member carried on an endless flexible member
and travelling unidirectionally are found here.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
415, Rotary Kinetic Fluid Motors or Pumps, subclass 5 for
fluid motors of the endless type operated by a directed or
confined fluid flow and see section III of this class
definition for a general statement of the line between this
Class 91 and Class 415.
416, Fluid Reaction Surfaces (i.e., Impellers), subclasses 7+
for one or more working members supported or an endless
flexible carrier and reacting with an undirected or
unconfined medium fluid flow.
Subclass:
152
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus utilizing an expansible motive fluid and having a
plurality of working chambers at least one of which receives
its motive fluid in whole or in part from another of the
working chambers for expansion or further expansion of the
motive fluid therein to perform work.
(1) Note. This definition does not include motors in which
motive fluid is supplied to a first expansible chamber and
then directed to a second expansible chamber while the first
is still in communication with the supply so as to in effect
provide direct communication between the second chamber and
the supply.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 8+ for multiple expansion motors having means
for simultaneously supplying live motive fluid to a
subsequent chamber while the prior chamber is exhausting to
the subsequent chamber.
subclasses 62+ for multiple expansion motors wherein one of
the working chambers includes a rotary working member.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
417, Pumps, subclasses 244+, for pumps having successive
pumping stages.
Subclass:
153
This subclass is indented under subclass 152. Apparatus
comprising a motive fluid distributing valve for each of the
working chambers, the fluid distributing valve of one working
chamber being operated by the working member of another
working chamber.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 191+ for expansible chamber having a plurality
of relatively movable working members wherein the position of
each working member cyclically controls another.
Subclass:
154
This subclass is indented under subclass 153. Apparatus
comprising means for adjusting one or more of the fluid
distributing valves for affecting the period of admission of
motive fluid to the working chamber or for varying fluid flow
to the working chambers so that the direction of movement of
the power transmitting means is reversed.
Subclass:
155
This subclass is indented under subclass 152. Apparatus
wherein at least one of the working chambers has a motive
fluid distributing valve which is actuated in whole or in
part by variations in pressure of a fluid applied to the
valve or valve actuator.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 281+ for expansible chamber motors having a
fluid actuated distributor motor, the motive fluid to the
distributor motor being controlled by the position of the
working member.
Subclass:
156
This subclass is indented under subclass 152. Apparatus
wherein one of the working chambers surrounds another working
chamber, said chambers having a common axis.
Subclass:
157
This subclass is indented under subclass 152. Apparatus in
which each of the working chambers is provided with valve
means for distributing motive fluid thereto, and including
means for selectively moving at least one of the valve means
relative to the other, the movement being in addition to the
normal fluid distributing movement.
Subclass:
158
This subclass is indented under subclass 157. Apparatus
wherein the valve means for a plurality of working chambers
are selectively movable, each being movable independently of
the other or being so interrelated that a movement of one
results in a movement of the other.
Subclass:
159
This subclass is indented under subclass 152. Apparatus
comprising a plurality of working members which are movable
relative to one another, the fluid acting on one of the
working members and then being expanded to act on another
working member.
Subclass:
160
This subclass is indented under subclass 159. Apparatus in
which the relatively movable working members each have
opposed rigidly connected working faces to which motive fluid
is alternately applied, exhaust fluid from the working faces
of one of the working members being expanded to the working
faces of another working member.
Subclass:
161
This subclass is indented under subclass 159. Apparatus
wherein the working face or faces on each working member are
so disposed that the motive fluid reacts with each working
member in a single direction only.
(1) Note. The motive fluid does not necessarily act in the
same direction on all the relatively movable working members,
but acts in one direction only on each individual working
member.
Subclass:
162
This subclass is indented under subclass 161. Apparatus
wherein each working member has at least two integrally
connected working faces disposed in the same direction, one
of the faces receiving motive fluid from a high pressure
source and another face simultaneously receiving motive fluid
by cross expansion from another relatively movable working
member.
Subclass:
163
This subclass is indented under subclass 152. Apparatus
having a high pressure chamber and a low pressure chamber, a
working member in the high pressure chamber having a fluid
passage therein, the motive fluid from the high pressure
chamber being expanded through the passage into the low
pressure chamber.
Subclass:
164
This subclass is indented under subclass 152. Apparatus
having at least two high pressure working chambers and at
least two low pressure working chambers, a working member
face in each of said working chambers, the working faces
being integrally connected so as to move in unison and, on
each stroke of the motor, motive fluid from a high pressure
source acting in one of said high pressure chambers while
fluid is simultaneously expanded from another of said high
pressure chambers into one of the low pressure chambers.
Subclass:
165
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus in which the motor is provided with opposed working
member faces, motive fluid being applied to said faces at the
same or different times, the motive fluid which is applied to
one working member face being above atmospheric pressure and
the motive fluid which is applied to the second face also
being above atmospheric pressure, but being at a different
pressure than that applied to the first face.
(1) Note. The opposed working faces may be on different,
interconnected, relatively movable working members or may be
integrally connected together. Opposed working faces are
defined as faces which when motive fluid is applied thereto
tend to make the working member move in opposite directions
when the faces are integrally connected. When the working
faces are relatively movable the application of motive fluid
to the opposed working faces tends to move the power output
member in opposite directions.
(2) Note. This definition does not include those devices in
which a different pressure is obtained in the opposed
chambers merely because a flow of the motive fluid occurs as,
for example, where a pressure drop occurs due to flow past a
restriction but which would disappear when flow ceases.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 6+ and especially 28+, for expansible chamber
motors in which motive fluid at different pressures is
applied to the same working chamber at different times.
subclasses 152+ for expansible chamber motors of the
multiple expansion type.
subclasses 415+ for expansible chamber motors in which
motive fluid at the same pressure is simultaneously applied
to opposed working member faces.
Subclass:
166
This subclass is indented under subclass 165. Apparatus in
which the motor is of the double acting type wherein valve
means controls the flow of motive fluid to the opposed
working member faces in a manner such that the working member
will move in one direction when the pressure of the motive
fluid being supplied to operate the motor is at a first
predetermined magnitude and will move in the opposite
direction when the motive fluid supply pressure varies from
said predetermined magnitude.
(1) Note. The predetermined magnitude of pressure may
include a range of pressure, as for example, the working
member may be in one position until the supply pressure drops
below 90 psi. and will then move to a second position until
the supply pressure increases to 100 psi. at which time the
working member returns to its first position.
Subclass:
167
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus having plural working chambers with individually
actuated control means supplying motive fluid to each
chamber, and in which the chambers are physically connected
in such fashion that the output motion of one chamber can
bodily shift another chamber in the same general direction in
which said other chamber is expansible so that the individual
output motions are cumulative and equal the sum of the
individual chamber extensions.
(1) Note. The chambers may expand simultaneously or in any
order; either at the will of an operator or in response to a
condition of a working chamber or its working fluid. One
chamber may either move the second chamber before the latter
has expanded by abutment of moving walls of each chamber or
it may move without affecting the second chamber to merely
form an abutment for a subsequent expansion of said second
chamber.
(2) Note. Situations involving the separate control of
plural chambers include (1) a common supply valve for plural
chambers and an additional valve in the supply line to one
chamber to control this one chamber relative to another and
(2) a separate, controllable valve for each chamber.
(3) Note. The direction in which the cumulative expansion
occurs may be generally linear or it may be about an axis so
that angular motions may be added.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
217 for expansible chamber motors having inner and outer
cylinders which are relatively shifted axially to control
valve ports for the inner cylinder.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
173, Tool Driving or Impacting, subclasses 152+ for tools
which may be reciprocated by an expansible chamber motor and
in which the tool and motor are advanced by another
expansible chamber motor.
Subclass:
168
This subclass is indented under subclass 167. Apparatus in
which the supply of motive fluid to one working chamber is
controlled in response to the working member in another
working chamber attaining a given position in its chamber.
(1) Note. The position at which control occurs may be
immediately after one working member is slightly moved, i.e.,
where a valved passage through a working member in one
working chamber is held open or closed in response to the
proximity of the working member to its starting position but
upon slight movement of the working member is either (1)
opened to port working fluid to another working chamber or
(2) closed to lock up working fluid in another working
chamber.
Subclass:
169
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus having a structural unit consisting of a single
working chamber whose surfaces include an external cylinder
member, and internal cylindrical sleeve member slidable
therein and a third member slidable in or on one of said
members in such fashion that each of the members is movable
relative to the others.
(1) Note. This subclass is intended to be the generic
location of the structural unit defined above regardless of
whether one or more of the members are (load engaging)
working members or whether it is not clear from the
disclosure which members are working members.
(2) Note. The intermediate cylindrical member may have an
end wall or annular flange between itself and the external
cylinder provided that said end wall is apertured to provide
a continuous and uncontrolled flow of motive fluid
therethrough.
(3) Note. The inner and outer cylinders may be axially
spaced from each other provided that the outer cylinder is
radially spaced a greater distance from a common axis than
the inner cylinder.
(4) Note. An inner sleeve which may or may not be part of an
inner cylinder, which shifts longitudinally within an outer
cylinder for the purpose of controlling valve ports between
the cylinder and the sleeve has been excluded where no
significant work is performed by the outer cylinder over and
above that performed during the shifting of the inner sleeve
to actuate said valve ports.
(5) Note. Each of said members sealingly engages at least
one of the other members.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 167+ for similar structures in which an end wall
on a sleeve intermediate a cylinder and piston divides the
organization into two chambers with separate control means
for each which control means may include a valve in said end
wall.
217 276 and 423, for expansible chamber motors having inner
and outer sleeves or cylinders which are relatively shifted
axially to control valve ports for the inner cylinder or
sleeve.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
92, Expansible Chamber Devices, 51+ for patents showing
similar structures where valving is not claimed.
Subclass:
170
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus having plural working members which are capable of
relative movement and in which there is either (1) control of
motive fluid for one working member in response to the
position of another; (2) an interconnection between the
members to cause relative motion or (3) an interconnection
between said members (such as a "lost motion" or separable
abutment connection) which causes one member to move the
other member under some disclosed operating condition but
which permits relative motion of the members.
(1) Note. See the class definition for the definition of the
term working member. A plurality of working member faces are
not considered to be relatively movable merely because each
is made up of constituent areas which are relatively movable.
For example, a pair of diaphragms fixed to a single rigid
output rod are not considered to have relative movement when
flexed, but a pair of diaphragms connected to separate shafts
which have relative movement when the diaphragms are flexed
are considered to be relatively movable.
(2) Note. The working members must produce power for
external use. A piston or the like which operates only a
valve of the motor or a motor latch, etc. is not considered
to be a working member under this definition. See, for
example, subclasses 304+. However, one working member may
transmit its power output through another.
(3) Note. The control of working fluid for one working
member by another may be such that: (a) one member controls
another only; (b) each of several members controls another or
(c) the connected output of all of the working members
actuates means to control some or all of them.
(4) Note. Included under this definition are patents
claiming a first working chamber having a working member
which extends into a second working chamber to engage or abut
a second working member therein to move the latter. However,
if the first working member is disclosed as merely displacing
fluid in the second chamber and thus moves the second working
member without engaging it, the patent has been construed as
a pulsator and classified in an appropriate subclass of Class
60.
(5) Note. For classification as an original under this
definition a patent must claim either features (1), (2), or
(3) of the definition.
(6) Note. Means to actuate a valve may be part of the motive
fluid control in part 1 of this definition but a means to
merely prevent or permit actuation of the valve by some other
agency has not been considered motive fluid control.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 411+ for more residual relations between plural
working members including (1) those continuously connected to
move as a unit (2) those which have unrelated or independent
outputs and wherein one is not controlled in response to
position of another (3) those in which one member is
controlled in response to some condition or criteria of the
other than its position and (4) control of supply of working
fluid to plural working chambers regardless of the relation
between their outputs and including plural working members
which are relatively moved by transmissions which are
disclosed but not claimed.
subclasses 472+ for motors having three or more cylinders
arranged in parallel, radial, or conical relationship with a
rotary transmission axis.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
60, Power Plants, subclass 426 for a system of plural motors
combined with a pressure fluid source in which the speed of,
pressure in or position of one output motor or motor section
controls another.
92, Expansible Chamber Devices, subclasses 61+ for
expansible chamber devices having relatively movable working
members.
185, Motors: Spring, Weight, or Animal Powered, subclasses 2+
for combined motors of that class.
416, Fluid Reaction Surfaces (i.e., Impellers), subclasses
120+ for plural impellers reacting with an undirected or
unconfined medium fluid flow.
Subclass:
171
This subclass is indented under subclass 170. Apparatus
having separate means to control the working fluid to two
working members and additional means to sense the difference
in distances traveled by the working members from a starting
point and to affect the first means in a manner to decrease
the difference in said distances.
(1) Note. Means to sense angular displacements between
rotating plural shafts driven by separate working members
have been excluded and have been classified in subclass 412
as speed sensing devices.
(2) Note. Included are patents claiming structures wherein
one working member is controlled to follow-up another.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
412 for means (e.g., a differential) to control a working
member in response to a sensed difference in angular
positions of two shafts, one of which is rotated continuously
by said working member.
Subclass:
172
This subclass is indented under subclass 170. Apparatus
having a working member urged in one direction by motive
fluid acting thereon and urged in an opposing direction by a
second working member having motive fluid simultaneously
supplied thereto and which is movable relative thereto; e.g.,
by engagement through separable abutment surfaces or by
connection by a transmission or linkage means or indirectly
through a body of interposed fluid.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
411 for patents showing similar organizations where the
working members are connected to move as a unit so as to
preclude relative motion.
Subclass:
173
This subclass is indented under subclass 170. Apparatus
comprising a working chamber carried by and movable with a
first working member, and a second working member movable
within the working chamber carried by the first working
member.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 167+ for a motor having a unit having separately
controlled working chambers, the extension of which is equal
to the individual chamber extensions.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
73, Measuring and Testing, subclass 240, for expansible
chamber volume or rate of flow meters having a transversely
reciprocating piston and cylinder.
Subclass:
174
This subclass is indented under subclass 170. Apparatus in
which at least one of the working members has spaced integral
opposed working faces or an additional working member rigidly
secured thereto, and engaging a relatively movable load or
transmission member at a point between the opposed faces or
at a point between the rigidly connected working members.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
493 for motors having three or more radially arranged
cylinders and having at least one pair of rigidly connected
pistons reciprocating in rigidly connected cylinders, there
being provided a transmission or reaction element interposed
between said rigid pistons.
Subclass:
176
This subclass is indented under subclass 170. Apparatus
having either (1) movably mounted cylinders which form
relatively movable working members or (2) relatively movable
working members which are disposed in movably mounted
cylinders.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
173 for cylinders which are working members and which form
working chambers movable therewith within which other working
members are movable.
175 for rotatably mounted cylinders which are spaced from
and parallel to an axis about which they rotate.
subclasses 197+ for relatively movable pistons disposed
within rigidly connected, rotating cylinders, said cylinders
being connected to the load in such fashion that said pistons
are not working members.
subclasses 472+ for motors having three or more cylinders
arranged in parallel, radial, or conical relationship with a
rotary transmission axis and especially subclass 479 wherein
the motive fluid for each cylinder is separately controlled
by movement of the cylinder or liner.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
73, Measuring and Testing, subclass 241 for meters wherein
the cylinders are supported for rocking movement.
92, Expansible Chamber Devices, subclass 66 for relatively
movable working members disposed in moving cylinders.
Subclass:
177
This subclass is indented under subclass 170. Apparatus in
which at least two relatively movable working members move
back and forth about one or more axes to describe arcs of not
more than 360 degrees.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
73, Measuring and Testing, subclass 252 for meters having
oscillating pistons.
92, Expansible Chamber Devices, subclass 67 for expansible
chamber devices having plural oscillating working members.
Subclass:
178
This subclass is indented under subclass 170. Apparatus
comprising a unitary valve member which is within a single
housing and movable relatively thereto to separately control
separate passages communicating with different working
chambers or with fluid operated valves controlling said
chambers.
Subclass:
179
This subclass is indented under subclass 178. Apparatus in
which the valve member and housing are mounted for relative
rotary motion which is limited to not more than 360 degrees.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
176 for oscillating distributor valves having at least one
port on an oscillating cylinder.
subclasses 211+ for oscillating valves formed in
oscillating cylinders.
Subclass:
180
This subclass is indented under subclass 178. Apparatus
having a means to impart a continuous relative rotation of
the valve member and housing.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 484+ for motors having three or more cylinders
arranged in parallel, radial, or conical relationship with a
rotary transmission axis in which relatively movable parts of
the motive fluid control valve therefor (usually of the
rotary type) as fluidly biased into seating engagement.
487 for motors having three or more cylinders arranged in
parallel, radial, or conical relationship with a rotary
transmission axis in which motive fluid is directed to or
from the motive fluid control valve interface, said control
valve usually being of the rotary type.
498 for motors having three or more radially arranged
cylinders and a centrally arranged relatively rotatable valve
member.
503 for motors having three or more parallel cylinders and a
rotary spool type motive fluid control valve.
Subclass:
181
This subclass is indented under subclass 170. Apparatus
having a plurality of working members disposed in the same
chamber and urged in opposite directions by the working fluid
in the chamber, the working members being connected to a
force transmitting means or mechanism which constrains them
to move relative to each other.
(1) Note. Continuously intercommunicating working chambers
have been considered as the same chamber for purposes of this
subclass.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
92, Expansible Chamber Devices, subclasses 69+ for
expansible chamber devices having interconnected oppositely
movable working members in a common working chamber.
Subclass:
182
This subclass is indented under subclass 170. Apparatus
having a single member driven by the transmission or the like
which connects the plural working members for relative
motion, said member actuating separate control valves for the
working fluid supplied to each working member.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 476+ for motors having three or more cylinders
arranged in parallel, radial, or conical relationship with a
rotary transmission axis and in which there is provided
separate motive fluid control means for each working
chamber.
Subclass:
183
This subclass is indented under subclass 170. Apparatus
having a member, linkage or transmission connected to each of
the working members and arranged to impart relative movement
to one working member when the other is moved or to constrain
each of the working members to move relatively in some
predetermined relation.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
194 for expansible chamber motors disclosing plural,
relatively movable working members connected to a rotary
shaft by an unclaimed transmission and in which the valving
for each working member is actuated by another working
member.
subclasses 472+ for motors having three or more cylinders
arranged in parallel, radial, or conical relationship with a
rotary transmission axis and particularly subclass 496 for
positive bidirectional drive to the reciprocating members
within radially arranged cylinders and subclass 507 for
positive bidirectional drive of the reciprocating members
within parallel cylinders.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
73, Measuring and Testing, subclasses 245+ for meters
having parallel working members which drive a common shaft
extending transverse to the axis of said working members.
92, Expansible Chamber Devices, subclasses 61+ and
especially subclasses 68+ and 76 for expansible chamber
devices having relatively movable, interconnected working
members.
Subclass:
184
This subclass is indented under subclass 183. Apparatus in
which the flow of motive fluid to or from a working chamber
is interrupted by a surface of the working member overlapping
an orifice in the working chamber wall.
Subclass:
185
This subclass is indented under subclass 183. Apparatus
having valve means to control the motive fluid flow to or
from a working chamber, said valve means being actuated by
either (1) means connected to the valve means and disposed in
the path of a working member for intermittent contact
therewith or (2) by pivotal motion of a member pivoted to a
working member at one end and connected to a transmission at
its other end.
(1) Note. The valve means may be formed in a member pivoted
to the working member so that ports therein are
intermittently aligned with ports in the working member.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
73, Measuring and Testing, subclasses 250+ for meters
having a distributing valve mechanism actuated by the piston,
piston rod, or part rigidly attached thereto.
Subclass:
186
This subclass is indented under subclass 183. Apparatus in
which the member, linkage or transmission which connects
plural working members for relative movement is formed, at
least in part, by either (1) gearing having intermeshing
teeth or cogs such as a rack and pinion or (2) by an
elongated member which is pivoted to oscillate about a
transverse axis and is engaged at points spaced from said
axis by means connecting it to the working members.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 81+ for rotary working members which interengage
in a gear-like manner.
subclasses 411+ for (a) differential gearing and (b) for
floating links connected both to plural working members and
to a load or transmission to move the latter cumulatively but
which to not cause one working member to move another.
Subclass:
187
This subclass is indented under subclass 183. Apparatus
having means actuated by a working member to control the
motive fluid for said working member, said means being
adjustable to vary the position of the working member at
which control occurs.
(1) Note. The adjustment may vary all cyclic events
simultaneously or the relative timing of plural, fluid
control events may be changed.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 330+ and see the note in that subclass for
additional fields of search for expansible chamber motors
having a means to adjust the positional relationship of its
working member and the means to control working fluid for
that working member so as to vary the position of the working
member at which control occurs.
478 for motors having three or more cylinders arranged in
parallel, radial, or conical relationship with a rotary
transmission axis and in which there is provided separate
motive fluid control for each working chamber and means for
varying the cyclic relation between at least one of said
reciprocating members and its associated control valve.
subclasses 482+ for motors having three or more cylinders
arranged in parallel, radial, or conical relationship with a
rotary transmission axis and means for varying the cyclic
relation between at least one of said reciprocating members
and its associated control valve.
Subclass:
188
This subclass is indented under subclass 183. Apparatus in
which the valve means to control flow of motive fluid to or
from a working member is actuated by a cam, an eccentric or a
part moving in a circular path and either (1) forming a
portion of the means to connect plural working members for
relative motion or (2) connected to said connecting means to
move therewith as a unit.
Subclass:
189
This subclass is indented under subclass 170. Apparatus in
which motive fluid for one of said working members is
controlled in response to another working member attaining a
given position.
(1) Note. Included under this definition are patents
claiming control of motive fluid for a first working member
by fluid displaced by a second working member, usually from a
nonworking chamber and as a function of the position of the
latter member.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 35+ for expansible chamber motors in which a
fluid operated device controlling a working member is at
least part of an independent motor which is in no way
influenced by the working member controlled thereby and which
has no output other than that required for control of the
working member.
44 for expansible chamber motors having sequential operation
of fluid operated locking means and a control of motive fluid
for a working member.
Subclass:
190
This subclass is indented under subclass 189. Apparatus
having plural working members at least one of which actuates
control valve means for another working member and in which
means are provided to disassociate said control valve means
from said one working member and connect it for operation by
the working member which it controls to thereby provide
plural self-controlled working members.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 54+ for expansible chamber motors which are
convertible from one type of valve operation to another by
disassembly or reassembly in which parts are removed or added
or reconnected rather than adjusted for this purpose.
Subclass:
191
This subclass is indented under subclass 189. Apparatus in
which each working member actuates a valve means controlling
another working member in successive fashion to provide
cyclic operation (e.g., "duplex" motor).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 153+ for expansible chamber motors in which a
second working chamber is expanded by motive fluid exhausting
from a first working chamber while said first working chamber
is isolated from the working fluid supply.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
73, Measuring and Testing, subclass 243 for meters having
plural piston type working members and cylinders wherein the
movement of each piston actuates the valving for another, and
subclass 264 for similar meters wherein the working members
are of the diaphragm or collapsible wall type.
Subclass:
192
This subclass is indented under subclass 191. Apparatus
having at least three working members, at least two of which
are controlled by valve means actuated by a different working
member than the working member controlled thereby.
Subclass:
193
This subclass is indented under subclass 191. Apparatus
having a valve controlling motive fluid flow to or from at
least one of plural working members, fluid operated means to
move the valve, and means to control the supply of fluid to
said valve moving means in response to the position of
another relatively movable working member.
Subclass:
194
This subclass is indented under subclass 191. Apparatus
having a disclosure of a means to convert the motion of the
working members to a rotary output.
(1) Note. The patents in this subclass disclose, but do not
claim transmission features (e.g. the wheels, crankpins and
axle of a locomotive) which, if claimed, would cause the
patent to be classified in subclasses 183+ but the valving is
peculiar to a rotary output and yet is often not associated
with the transmission.
Subclass:
195
This subclass is indented under subclass 191. Apparatus
having valve means controlling only a first working member,
means to actuate the valve means by said first working member
and additional means to actuate said valve means by a
different working member.
(1) Note. A typical example is a type of "duplex" motor
where each piston actuates the valving for another piston to
synchronize the pistons but with additional cut off valves
each actuated by the piston controlled thereby.
(2) Note. The valve means may consist of a single valve
operated by both the working member controlled thereby and by
a second working member.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
193 for fluid operated distributor valves controlled jointly
by plural working members.
194 for plural motors of the type provided for in this
subclass (195) but which have a disclosed rotary output.
Subclass:
196
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus in which, incident to the operation of the motor,
the cylinder has an absolute movement.
(1) Note. Those motors in which it involves an obvious
matter of choice and/or reversal of parts whether the piston
is stationary and the cylinder movable or vice versa will not
be classified under this definition even if the claims
identify the cylinder as the movable element provided that
the claims do not set forth a specific power transmission
between the cylinder and driven member or load.
(2) Note. An open ended cylindrical member which has sliding
and/or rotary movement with respect to the piston merely for
valving purposes is not included under this definition.
However, if the cylindrical member carries or has formed as a
part thereof the end wall of the expansible chamber (i.e.,
the abutment) it is considered to be a cylinder and is
included under this definition even if the sole disclosed
purpose of the sliding and/or rotary movement is for
valving.
(3) Note. A cylinder which moves merely because it is a part
of a motor which moves as an entity, as by being mounted on a
movable device (e.g., check) is not included under this
definition because of said mounting.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 67+ for expansible chamber motors of the rotary
type in which the rotating working member is a rotating
cylinder.
169 for expansible chamber motors wherein the chamber is
formed by a movable cylinder, sleeve and piston.
173 for expansible chamber motors having a moving cylinder
formed by a working member, the moving cylinder having
another working member movable therein.
176 for relatively movable working members in which the
cylinder is a moving cylinder.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
92, Expansible Chamber Devices, subclasses 54+ for
cylinders mounted for rotation where no valving is claimed,
subclasses 117+ for cylinders mounted for movement incident
to expansion and contraction of the working chamber and
subclasses 51+ for a working chamber having mutually
relatively movable tubular member, member slidable therein
and an outer cylinder therefor.
Subclass:
197
This subclass is indented under subclass 196. Apparatus
comprising a plurality of working chambers formed by rigidly
connected cylinders mounted for continuous rotation in a
single direction about a fixed or movable axis.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 183+ for patents on expansible chamber motors
some of which have plural rigidly connected stationary
cylinders not acting as working members.
subclasses 472+ for motors having three or more cylinders
arranged in parallel, radial, or conical relationship with a
rotary transmission axis.
Subclass:
206
This subclass is indented under subclass 196. Apparatus in
which a unitary cylinder has a first internal working face
actuated by motive fluid to urge the cylinder in one
direction of movement and has a second working face extending
outwardly or formed exteriorly thereof, said second face
being a piston, the faces forming portions of separate
working chambers and being urged by motive fluid in the same
or different directions simultaneously or at different
times.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 167+ for expansible chamber motors having
separately controlled plural chambers extensible as a unit
wherein one of the chambers may be formed by a moving
cylinder.
Subclass:
207
This subclass is indented under subclass 206. Apparatus in
which the first and second working faces are so disposed on
the cylinder that when motive fluid is applied thereto both
surfaces urge the cylinder in the same direction.
Subclass:
208
This subclass is indented under subclass 207. Apparatus
comprising means for applying motive fluid to the first
working face, and means responsive to a change of the
pressure of the motive fluid being applied thereto to cause
motive fluid to be applied to the second working face.
Subclass:
209
This subclass is indented under subclass 207. Apparatus
comprising means for applying motive fluid to the first
working face, and means responsive to the cylinder attaining
a given position to cause motive fluid to be applied to the
second working face.
Subclass:
210
This subclass is indented under subclass 196. Apparatus in
which the cylinder swings back and forth in an arcuate path
of not more than 360 degrees about a fixed pivot, incident to
operation of the motor.
(1) Note. A fixed pivot as herein used is meant a pivot that
has no mechanical motion imparted thereto during the
oscillation of the cylinder, such as reciprocating, rotating,
etc. A pivot that may be shifted and then remain stationary
during oscillation of the cylinder is considered as being
fixed.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
73, Measuring and Testing, subclass 241, for expansible
chamber volume or rate of flow meters having an oscillating
cylinder.
92, Expansible Chamber Devices, subclasses 117+ for
expansible chamber devices having pivoted or oscillating
cylinders.
Subclass:
211
This subclass is indented under subclass 210. Apparatus
comprising a stationary member on which the cylinder moves
during oscillation, the stationary member having ports
therein through which motive fluid is conveyed, and the
cylinder having ports aligning with the ports in the
stationary member to valve the motive fluid.
Subclass:
212
This subclass is indented under subclass 211. Apparatus in
which the cylinder oscillates about an axis transverse to the
longitudinal axis of the cylinder the ported stationary
member being located at one end of the cylinder and forming
means on which the cylinder rocks or slides.
Subclass:
213
This subclass is indented under subclass 211. Apparatus in
which the cylinder has at least one laterally extending
trunnion forming a member by which the cylinder is pivoted, a
bearing member supporting the trunnion, and fluid ports in
the trunnion cooperating with fluid ports in the bearing
member to valve the motor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
212 for oscillating expansible chamber motors having
cooperating valve ports formed in the cylinder and a ported
end bearing about which the cylinder oscillates.
Subclass:
214
This subclass is indented under subclass 211. Apparatus in
which the stationary member has an arcuate surface, an
arcuate surface on the cylinder engaging therewith, fluid
ports in the surfaces, the oscilation of the cylinder causing
relative sliding motion between the two surfaces to align the
ports and valve the motive fluid.
Subclass:
215
This subclass is indented under subclass 210. Apparatus
comprising a valve that oscillates with the cylinder and in
addition has sliding movement relative thereto, a stationary
member to which the valve is connected, the sliding movement
of the valve being caused by the oscillation of the cylinder
relative to the stationary member.
Subclass:
216
This subclass is indented under subclass 196. Apparatus in
which the cylinder has a piston therein, the cylinder having
absolute movement back and forth in a fixed straight line.
(1) Note. This definition does not include motors in which
the relative movement between the piston and cylinder
includes any motion other than rectilinear reciprocation
unless the additional relative movement is merely for the
purpose of valving.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 167+ for expansible chamber motors having
separately controlled plural chambers extensible as a unit
wherein one of the chambers may be formed by a moving
cylinder.
Subclass:
217
This subclass is indented under subclass 216. Apparatus in
which the piston partakes of absolute back and forth movement
in a fixed straight line.
Subclass:
218
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus in which the motor has a cycle of operation in
which the working member moves in one direction, reverses its
direction of movement and returns to the original position,
so as to be in condition to repeat the operation, and in
which a distributor or other means, operated as a consequence
of motor working member movement or cyclic change of pressure
in a working chamber, is provided to control the flow of
motive fluid so as to cause the motor, when started, to
continuously repeat the cycle of operation.
(1) Note. A motor, in which the described operation is
cyclic, will be classified under this definition if (1)
cyclic operation necessarily results from the structural
relationship of the claimed motor elements (e.g., valveless
motor), (2) an element of the fluid or mechanical connection
between the working member and a cyclically operated
distributing means is claimed, or (3) features, considered
peculiar to cyclically operable motors, are claimed,
specifically, in the Search This Class, Subclass notes below
that refer to this (1) Note.
(2) Note. In a cyclically operable motor the term
distributor is defined as a means which comprises or includes
a part which is movable relative to the working member of the
cyclically operable motor to control a motive fluid port or
passage in such a manner as to cyclically control inlet
and/or exhaust flow of motive fluid to or from the motor. The
distributor need not entirely cut off the motive fluid flow,
but may cyclically control the amount of flow (i.e.,
throttling).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
2 for expansible chamber motors including means to stop or
control the motor after a predetermined number of cycles or
revolutions.
7 for expansible chamber motors which are caused to operate
cyclically by supplying fluid to a working chamber thereof
through one path and caused to operate selectively through a
partial or full stroke by supplying fluid to said working
chamber through a different path.
subclasses 8+ for cyclically operable expansible chamber
motors of the semi-compound type.
subclasses 12+ for cyclically operable expansible chamber
motors having means to reverse the inlet and exhaust porting
to cause reverse operation thereof.
subclasses 16+ for cyclically operable expansible chamber
motors which operate on low pressure fluid when drifting or
coasting.
subclasses 39+ for expansible chamber motors having
independent means to drive the distributor to cause the motor
to continuously reciprocate.
50 for cyclically operable expansible chamber motors in
which motive fluid is constantly applied to a working chamber
and controllably vented therefrom.
subclasses 152+ for cyclically operable expansible chamber
motors of the multiple expansion type.
subclasses 191+ for expansible chamber motors having
relatively movable working members in which each cyclically
controls another (e.g., duplex).
236 for exhaust through a plurality of controlled exhaust
flow paths (as per the (1) Note above).
237 for adjustable timing control (as per the (1) Note
above).
245 for clearance control (as per the (1) Note above).
246 for fluid flow control by correlated throttle valve and
distributor (as per the (1) Note above).
264 for separate control of starting and stopping of fluid
flow in inlet or exhaust flow path by plural control elements
(as per the (1) Note above).
267 for exhaust control by lost motion drive of exhaust
valve by inlet valve to provide delayed opening and/or
closing of exhaust flow path with respect to inlet valve
movement (as per the (1) Note above).
Subclass:
219
This subclass is indented under subclass 218. Apparatus
having (1) means to bring the working member of the motor to
a complete stop by controlling the motive fluid or to sense
that the working member has stopped, (2) means to maintain
said member stopped for a given period of time and (3) means
to again cause the working member to move by controlling the
motive fluid after expiration of said period of time.
Subclass:
220
This subclass is indented under subclass 218. Apparatus
including means to halt operation of the motor said means
being responsive to a condition of operation of the motor or
of the motive fluid.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
2 for motors having means to cut off or control the motor
after a predetermined number of cycles of the working
member.
Subclass:
221
This subclass is indented under subclass 220. Apparatus in
which the condition sensed to stop the motor is the speed of
operation of the motor or the failure of a driving connection
between the motor and a speed regulating governor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
435 for expansible chamber motors having a valve controlled
in response to the speed of the motor and see the subclasses
there noted for other speed controlled expansible chamber
motors.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
73, Measuring and Testing, subclass 508 for speed responsive
governors having governor drive failure responsive means.
Subclass:
222
This subclass is indented under subclass 218. Apparatus in
which a passage is provided entirely within the piston or
piston rod for inlet or exhaust of motive fluid and a
distributor movable relative to both the piston and cylinder
is carried by the piston or piston rod and controls said
passage.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
49 for expansible chamber motors having constantly applied
motive fluid with controlled venting, in which the fluid is
vented through the working member.
312 for cyclically operable motors having working member
controlled motive fluid for a distributor motor, in which the
distributor motor may include a valve piston.
422 for noncyclically operable motors having a valved
piston.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
73, Measuring and Testing, subclass 248 for expansible
chamber type volume or rate of flow meters having a valved
piston.
Subclass:
223
This subclass is indented under subclass 222. Apparatus in
which the piston moves back and forth about an axis to
describe an arc of not more than 360 degrees.
(1) Note. The term "piston", as employed in the definition
of this subclass, includes a vane swinging within a working
chamber.
Subclass:
224
This subclass is indented under subclass 222. Apparatus in
which the distributor controls a passage in the piston which
is adapted to convey fluid through a working face of the
piston to a face which is axially opposed.
Subclass:
225
This subclass is indented under subclass 222. Apparatus in
which the distributor in the piston is operated by a fluid
motor, and a port is provided in the working chamber side
wall to convey inlet or exhaust for the distributor motor,
the position of the piston controlling said port so as to
control supply or exhaust for the distributor motor.
Subclass:
226
This subclass is indented under subclass 222. Apparatus in
which the inlet or exhaust of motive fluid is through a port
in the side wall of the working chamber which communicates
with the distributor controlled passage which opens through
the side of the piston.
Subclass:
227
This subclass is indented under subclass 226. Apparatus in
which communication between the port in the working chamber
and the passage in the piston is established and broken by
relative reciprocation of the two members.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
225 for a cyclically operable motor having a fluid operated
distributor in the piston, said distributor being controlled
by traversal of a pilot port in the cylinder wall.
Subclass:
228
This subclass is indented under subclass 222. Apparatus in
which the piston is provided with relatively movable valves
which control inlet and exhaust passages to and from a
working chamber.
Subclass:
229
This subclass is indented under subclass 222. Apparatus in
which the distributor is cyclically moved by a part thereof
contacting the cylinder head in the working chamber.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
228 for cyclically operable motors having separate
distributors for inlet and exhaust in the piston, one of said
distributors usually being moved by contacting the cylinder
head in the working chamber.
Subclass:
230
This subclass is indented under subclass 218. Apparatus in
which plural working members acting in the same direction are
provided with a separately controlled supply of motive fluid,
said working members being (1) relatively movable or (2)
connected to move together as a unit under all conditions of
operation and which have different faces forming moving walls
of different working chambers which are not in fluid
communication during at least some part of a cycle of
operation of the apparatus.
(1) Note. Motors in which one working chamber is constantly
supplied and the second working chamber receives a controlled
intermittent supply from the first working chamber are
included under this definition.
Subclass:
231
This subclass is indented under subclass 230. Apparatus in
which one of the plural working members acting in the same
direction is controlled by a distributor.
Subclass:
232
This subclass is indented under subclass 218. Apparatus in
which closing and opening of fluid flow paths for cyclically
admitting and exhausting motive fluid to and from an
expansible chamber of the motor are accomplished by movement
of the motor working member to and from positions in which it
obstructs fluid flow through said flow paths, said flow paths
not being further controlled by a cyclically operated valve.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 230+ for a cyclically operable motor having
codirectional, separately supplied working members, the
control of one working member usually being by valveless
distribution.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
73, Measuring and Testing, subclass 242 for volume or rate
of flow meters of the expansible chamber type having
valveless distribution of metered fluid.
Subclass:
233
This subclass is indented under subclass 232. Apparatus in
which the motor is of the reciprocating type and means are
provided to rotate or oscillate the working member about its
own axis incident to reciprocation, the opening and closing
of fluid flow paths being accomplished as a result of
movement of the working member about its axis.
Subclass:
234
This subclass is indented under subclass 232. Apparatus in
which a fluid flow path for cyclically admitting or
exhausting motive fluid to or from an expansible chamber of
the motor includes a fluid flow passage formed, at least in
part, by a passage entirely within the motor working member.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
233 for valveless cyclically operable expansible chamber
motors of the reciprocating type, in which the working member
is formed to provide a fluid flow passage and the working
member is rotated or oscillated about its own axis to move
said passage into and out of communication with another fluid
flow passage to open and close a fluid flow path.
Subclass:
235
This subclass is indented under subclass 218. Apparatus in
which the motor is provided with a first working chamber
which is constantly supplied with motive fluid, and a second
working chamber acting in a direction opposite to the first
working chamber, said second working chamber being supplied
with distributor controlled motive fluid which is taken from
the first working chamber.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
224 for a cyclically operable motor having a distributor in
a piston, in which the distributor establishes communication
between opposed faces of the piston.
321 for other cyclically operable motors in which motive
fluid is constantly applied to one working member face.
417 for noncyclically operable motors of the differential
type in which motive fluid is constantly applied to one
working member face.
Subclass:
236
This subclass is indented under subclass 218. Apparatus in
which there are provided a plurality of controlled (i.e.,
valved or working member position controlled) exhaust flow
paths from a working chamber (i.e., exhausting), one of said
flow paths constituting a second exhaust passage which
provides for exhaust flow or continuation of exhaust flow
after another of said flow paths has been closed, or provides
a flow path, separate and distinct from another of said flow
paths, for the removal of condensate from the expansible
chamber in synchronism with movement of the working member of
the motor.
(1) Note. Plural exhaust passages which are simultaneously
opened and closed and merely provide the equivalent operation
of a single larger port are not considered to fall within
this definition, even though they may incidentally remove
condensate; however, plural passages one of which is
specifically provided and arranged to remove condensate, even
though opened and closed simultaneously with another exhaust
passage are included.
(2) Note. For purposes of this definition the term "second
exhaust passage" is intended to designate that passage which
provides exhaust flow after another exhaust flow path is
closed, or which provides for condensate removal,
irrespective of the relative sizes of the plurality of flow
paths.
(3) Note. Fluid which is conducted from the working chamber
for a valve operating or other function ancillary to the
operation of the motor, such as sealing, is not considered to
be exhaust motive fluid under this definition.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 290+ for cyclically operable expansible chamber
motors in which the working member traverses a pilot port in
the working chamber side wall to provide actuating fluid for
a distributor motor.
subclasses 449+ for expansible chamber motors, other than
those which are cyclically operable, having separately
controlled waste passages for a single chamber.
Subclass:
237
This subclass is indented under subclass 236. Apparatus
comprising a valve member which moves to cyclically control a
first exhaust passage, said movable valve member having a
second exhaust passage therein, and relatively movable means
to open and close said second exhaust passage during
different phases of the cycle of operation of the motor or
under different conditions of operation of the motor.
Subclass:
238
This subclass is indented under subclass 237. Apparatus in
which the relatively movable means which controls the second
exhaust passage is moved to cause such control by pressure of
fluid within the expansible chamber.
Subclass:
239
This subclass is indented under subclass 236. Apparatus in
which a distributor is moved to cyclically control inlet of
fluid to an expansible chamber, or to control exhaust of
fluid from the expansible chamber through a first exhaust
passage, and said distributor, or means rigidly attached
thereto, directly controls the second exhaust passage.
(1) Note. The second exhaust passage may be a passage which
also acts as an admission passage for the expansible
chamber.
Subclass:
240
This subclass is indented under subclass 236. Apparatus in
which the second exhaust passage is provided with a valve
which is moved to open or close said passage by fluid
pressure acting on the valve or on its actuator.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
239 for cyclically operable expansible chamber motors having
multiple exhaust passages, in which the second exhaust
passage is controlled by a fluid pressure actuated valve
member, or a part rigidly attached thereto, which controls
inlet of fluid or controls exhaust of fluid through a first
exhaust passage.
Subclass:
241
This subclass is indented under subclass 240. Apparatus in
which the second exhaust passage is connected to the motive
fluid supply, and the valve which controls said second
passage is biased to closed position by fluid supply
pressure; said valve being opened by compression pressure
within the working chamber which exceeds the supply pressure,
to permit motive fluid to pass from the expansible chamber to
the fluid supply.
Subclass:
242
This subclass is indented under subclass 240. Apparatus in
which the valve is moved by pressure within or from the
contracting chamber.
(1) Note. The exhaust pressure may act on the valve or its
actuator to operate the valve, or may act on means which
varies, limits or prevents operation of the valve by other
valve operating means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
241 for a cyclically operable motor having a second exhaust
passage controlled by a valve which is operated by
compression actuated discharge to motive fluid supply.
Subclass:
243
This subclass is indented under subclass 236. Apparatus in
which exhaust of motive fluid through an exhaust flow path is
controlled by the motor working member uncovering an exhaust
port, and exhaust of motive fluid through a second exhaust
flow path is controlled by a valve operating in synchronism
with motor operation.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
239 for cyclically operable expansible chamber motors having
a working member controlled exhaust port with a valved second
exhaust passage, in which the second passage is controlled by
a valve member, or a part rigidly attached thereto, which
controls inlet of fluid or controls exhaust of fluid through
a first exhaust passage.
Subclass:
244
This subclass is indented under subclass 236. Apparatus in
which a plurality of exhaust flow paths are each controlled
by a different valve, said valves being movable to cyclically
control fluid flow through the different flow paths, and also
being relatively movable.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 237+ for cyclically operable expansible chamber
motors having multiple exhaust passages controlled by
separate relatively movable valves, in which the relatively
movable valves comprise a movable exhaust valve having a
relatively movable valve controlling a second exhaust passage
therein.
subclasses 240+ for cyclically operable expansible chamber
motors having multiple exhaust passages controlled by
separate relatively movable valves, in which the valve for a
second exhaust passage is fluid pressure actuated.
242 for cyclically operable expansible chamber motors having
multiple exhaust passages controlled by separate relatively
movable valves, in which the valve for a second exhaust
passage is controlled by exhaust pressure.
Subclass:
245
This subclass is indented under subclass 218. Apparatus which
includes means by which the volume of the working chamber,
when the working member has reached the end of its stroke in
the direction which contracts said chamber may be varied
without altering the length of stroke of the working member.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
92, Expansible Chamber Devices, subclass 60.5, for expansible
chamber devices having selective clearance control.
123, Internal-Combustion Engines, subclass 48 for internal
combustion engines having clearance control means.
417, Pumps, subclasses 274+, for pumps having condition
responsive clearance control.
Subclass:
246
This subclass is indented under subclass 218. Apparatus in
which a throttle valve and distributor are in series in a
fluid flow path, the throttle valve controlling fluid flow to
or from the motor, and in which the operating means for the
throttle valve and distributor are so related that (1) the
throttle valve is moved to vary the flow and the distributor
is adjusted to vary the cycle of motive fluid distribution
with respect to the working member movement cycle, in
response to the same motor condition (e.g., speed) or to the
same operation of a common control means, or (2) either the
throttle valve, or distributor, is adjusted to vary the flow
of motive fluid, or the cycle of motive fluid distribution
with respect to the working member movement cycle,
respectively, in response to the change of a condition (e.g.,
pressure) resulting from the adjustment of the distributor or
throttle valve respectively.
(1) Note. The inherent variation in the speed of operation
of a motive fluid actuated distributor resulting from a
pressure change in the motive fluid due to throttle valve
adjustment is not considered as a variation in the cycle of
motive fluid distribution with respect to the working member
movement cycle, under this definition.
Subclass:
247
This subclass is indented under subclass 218. Apparatus in
which an expansible chamber is provided with a distributor
having (1) a plurality of fluid control elements each of
which move to cyclically control the flow of motive fluid and
which, in addition to such control movement, are relatively
adjustable so as to vary the time of occurrence of a fluid
control event with respect to the movement cycle of the motor
working member, and with respect to the occurrence of another
fluid control event, or (2) a relatively fixed, but
adjustable, fluid control element which cooperates with a
moving fluid control element to cyclically produce one or
more but not all of the fluid control events, and is adjusted
so as to vary the time of occurrence of a fluid control event
produced by the cooperation of the relatively fixed and
moving fluid control elements, with respect to the movement
cycle of the motor working member and with respect to the
occurrence of another fluid control event.
(1) Note. A fluid control event is the occurrence of
starting or stopping the flow of motive fluid to or from a
working chamber of the motor. Inlet of motive fluid is
started by the occurrence of the "admission" event and is
stopped by the occurrence of the "cut off" event. Exhaust of
motive fluid is started by the occurrence of the "release"
event and is stopped by the occurrence of the "compression"
event.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
187 for expansible chamber motors having adjustable means to
change the timing of control events for plural relatively
movable working members.
246 for cyclically operable expansible chamber motors having
means to adjust the distributor for varying the cyclic
control of motive fluid, the operation of said means being
correlated with movement of a throttle valve.
Subclass:
248
This subclass is indented under subclass 247. Apparatus in
which electrically operated means are provided to move or
control the movement of a fluid control element, and
adjustable electrical control means are provided to vary the
operation of the electrically operated means so as to vary
the timing of a fluid control event.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
42 for expansible chamber motors having correlated control
of motive fluid and working member locking means in which the
correlated control is accomplished by electrical control
means.
275 for cyclically operable expansible chamber motors having
electrically actuated distributors, other than those which
involve adjustable timing control of fluid control events as
defined under subclass 247.
459 for expansible chamber motors, other than those which
are cyclically operable, which include electrically operated
valves.
Subclass:
249
This subclass is indented under subclass 247. Apparatus in
which there are provided plural fluid control elements which
are separately adjustable relative to the movement cycle of
the motor so as to control the time of occurrence of one of a
plurality of adjustable events with respect to the time of
occurrence of another of a plurality of adjustable events.
Subclass:
250
This subclass is indented under subclass 249. Apparatus in
which the adjusting means provides for adjusting the time of
occurrence of the starting or stopping of fluid flow to the
working chamber and the starting or stopping of fluid flow
from the working chamber.
Subclass:
251
This subclass is indented under subclass 250. Apparatus in
which the adjusting means provides for adjustment of the time
of occurrence of the starting and stopping of fluid flow to
the motor working chamber, and the starting and stopping of
fluid flow from the motor working chamber with respect to the
motor working member movement cycle.
Subclass:
252
This subclass is indented under subclass 247. Apparatus in
which the adjusting means provides for adjusting a fluid
control element with respect to another fluid control element
so as to vary the time of stopping of fluid flow to the motor
working chamber, with respect to the working member movement
cycle and with respect to the starting of flow to the motor
working chamber.
Subclass:
253
This subclass is indented under subclass 252. Apparatus in
which cyclic starting and stopping of motive fluid flow to
the working chamber is controlled by valve means having a
plurality of relatively cyclically moved fluid flow control
elements, and in which means are provided to adjust a fluid
flow control element which controls the stopping of fluid
flow so as to vary the time of occurrence of the cut off
event with respect to the working member movement cycle and
with respect to the occurrence of the admission event.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
264 for cyclically operable expansible chamber motors in
which starting and stopping of fluid flow to a motor working
chamber are separately controlled by plural control elements,
other than those which are adjustable to vary the timing of
fluid control events as defined under subclass 247.
Subclass:
254
This subclass is indented under subclass 253. Apparatus in
which the means to adjust the control element for stopping
fluid flow include means to move or hold said element from
its fluid flow stopping position against a biasing force
tending to move it to said fluid flow stopping position and
adjustable means to release said moving or holding means to
allow said biasing force to move said element to its fluid
flow stopping position so as to vary the time of occurrence
of the cut-off event.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 260+ for cyclically operable expansible chamber
motors having adjustable trip means for a biased inlet valve
means, other than the cut off element of a plural control
element inlet valve, for varying the time of occurrence of
the cut-off event.
331 for cyclically operable expansible chamber motors having
independently operable means to adjust the connection between
a working member and a distributing valve, other than those
which adjust the timing of fluid control events as defined
under subclass 247, in which the connection includes trip
means.
subclasses 344+ for cyclically operable expansible chamber
motors in which a biased means moves a distributor after a
predetermined travel, other than those which involve
adjustable timing of fluid control events as defined under
subclass 247.
Subclass:
255
This subclass is indented under subclass 253. Apparatus in
which the means to adjust the control element for stopping
motive fluid flow includes means cyclically moved by an
actuating fluid to move the control element to or from its
flow stopping position and adjustable means to control the
actuating fluid flow so as to vary the time of occurrence of
the cut-off event.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
263 for cyclically operable expansible chamber motors having
adjustable fluid control for an inlet valve, other than the
cut off element of a plural control element inlet valve, for
varying the time of occurrence of the cut off event.
subclasses 281+ for cyclically operable expansible chamber
motors having working member controlled motive fluid supply
for operating a distributor motor, other than those which
adjust timing of fluid control events as defined under
subclass 247.
Subclass:
256
This subclass is indented under subclass 253. Apparatus in
which the means to adjust the control element for stopping
fluid flow includes means to move, or to vary the movement of
the control element with respect to a reciprocating admission
control element so as to vary the time of occurrence of the
cut-off event.
Subclass:
257
This subclass is indented under subclass 256. Apparatus in
which the admission control element moves back and forth
about an axis.
Subclass:
258
This subclass is indented under subclass 256. Apparatus in
which the means to adjust the control element for stopping
fluid flow includes means to move or vary the movement of
said control element in a arcuate path.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
257 for expansible chamber motors having a plural control
element inlet valve means in which an admission control
element oscillates about an axis and the cut off control
element is accurately adjustable.
Subclass:
259
This subclass is indented under subclass 256. Apparatus in
which the means to adjust the control element for stopping
fluid flow includes means to move or vary the movement of
said control element in a direction parallel to or in
alignment with the linear direction of movement of an
admission control element.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
257 for expansible chamber motors having a plural control
element inlet valve means in which an admission control
element oscillates about an axis and the cut off control
element is adjustable about the same axis.
Subclass:
260
This subclass is indented under subclass 252. Apparatus in
which a releasable drive means, or a releasable latch, is
provided to cyclically open or hold open, respectively, the
inlet valve against a biasing force tending to move said
valve to a closed position, and in which adjustable means are
provided to release said drive means or said latch to allow
the biasing force to close said valve, so as to vary the time
of closing of the inlet valve means with respect to the motor
movement cycle.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
254 for cyclically operable expansible chamber motors having
adjustable trip means for a biased cut-off element of a
plural control element inlet valve for varying the time of
occurrence of the cut-off event.
331 for cyclically operable expansible chamber motors having
independently operable means to adjust the connection between
working member and a distributing valve, other than those
which adjust the timing of fluid control events as defined
under subclass 247, in which the connection includes trip
means.
subclasses 344+ for cyclically operable expansible chamber
motors in which a biased means moves a distributor after a
predetermined travel, other than those which involve
adjustable timing of fluid control events as defined under
subclass 247.
Subclass:
261
This subclass is indented under subclass 260. Apparatus in
which the inlet valve is moved about an axis by said driving
means and said biasing force to open and close the inlet
fluid flow path.
Subclass:
262
This subclass is indented under subclass 252. Apparatus in
which the inlet valve is cyclically moved, to control the
flow of motive fluid to the working chamber, by cam means,
and means are provided to adjust the cam means, or a valve
driving member moved by the cam means, so as to vary the time
of closing of the inlet valve.
(1) Note. For purposes of this definition, a shaft mounted
eccentric and its strap and rod, are not considered to be a
cam and cam follower.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 330+ for cyclically operable expansible chamber
motors with means to adjust the connection between the
working member and the distributing valve, other than those
which adjust timing of fluid control events as defined under
subclass 247, and especially subclasses 331+ for such
adjustable connections which include a cam.
Subclass:
263
This subclass is indented under subclass 252. Apparatus in
which the inlet valve is cyclically moved to control the flow
of motive fluid to the working chamber by working member
controlled actuating fluid, and means are provided to adjust
the control of the inlet valve actuating fluid so as to vary
the time of closing of the inlet valve.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 247+ for cyclically operable expansible chamber
motors having independent inlet and exhaust valves each
movable about an axis in which there is provided means to
adjust relatively adjustable fluid control elements to vary
the timing of fluid control events, especially subclasses
252+ for such motors which include adjustable plural control
element inlet valves to vary the timing of the cut off
element, and subclass 261 for such motors which include a
biased inlet valve movable about an axis and provided with
adjustable trip means to vary the timing of the fluid control
event.
255 for cyclically operable expansible chamber motors having
adjustable fluid control for a fluid actuated cut off element
of a plural fluid control element inlet valve, so as to vary
the time of occurrence of the cut off event.
266 for cyclically operable expansible chamber motors
employing oscillating working members and which may include
valves which move about an axis.
subclasses 281+ for cyclically operable expansible chamber
motors having working member controlled motive fluid supply
for operating a distributor motor, other than those which
adjust timing of fluid control events as defined under
subclass 247.
352 and see the subclasses there noted for other
distributors movable about an axis.
Subclass:
264
This subclass is indented under subclass 218. Apparatus
including at least two distributors through which the motive
fluid must pass serially in the course of flowing either to
the working chamber or exhausting from the working chamber,
each distributor having a cyclically moved flow controlling
element so arranged that the control of motive fluid by the
distributors is effected by the movement of one distributor
relative to the movable element of another distributor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 247+ for cyclically operable expansible chamber
motors having plural fluid control elements for separately
starting and stopping of fluid flow to or from the working
chamber in which means are provided for adjusting a fluid
control element with respect to another fluid control element
to vary the time of occurrence of fluid control events, and
especially subclasses 253+ for such motors which have plural
fluid control element inlet valve means with means to adjust
the control element which stops fluid flow so as to vary the
timing of the cut-off event.
444 for expansible chamber motors of other than the
cyclically operable type having relatively movable serial
valves.
Subclass:
265
This subclass is indented under subclass 218. Apparatus in
which the distributor comprises movable inlet and exhaust
valve means for controlling motive fluid flow to and from an
expansible chamber, said valve means cyclically moving
relative to one another as a consequence of operation of the
motor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 222+ for cyclically operable expansible chamber
motors having independent inlet and exhaust valves, one of
which is provided to control a motive fluid passage entirely
within the piston or piston rod, and especially subclass 228
for such motors in which the piston carries separate inlet
and exhaust valves.
subclasses 236+ for cyclically operable expansible chamber
motors having multiple exhaust passages for an expansible
chamber, one of which exhausts, or continues to exhaust after
another is closed.
subclasses 247+ for cyclically operable expansible chamber
motors having movable relatively adjustable plural fluid
control elements with means to adjust said elements so as to
vary the timing of fluid control events.
325 for cyclically operable expansible chamber motors having
a movable inlet or exhaust valve and a working member
controlled exhaust or inlet port, respectively.
subclasses 330+ for cyclically operable expansible chamber
motors with independently operable means to move or adjust
movement of the distributor.
subclasses 454+ for expansible chamber motors, other than
those which are cyclically operable, having relatively
movable inlet and exhaust valves for a single chamber.
Subclass:
266
This subclass is indented under subclass 265. Apparatus in
which the working member moves back and forth about an axis
to describe an arc of not more than 360 degrees.
Subclass:
267
This subclass is indented under subclass 265. Apparatus in
which the inlet and exhaust valve means move in a back and
forth motion to cyclically open and close, respectively, the
inlet and exhaust flow paths, the exhaust valve means being
moved by the inlet valve means during a portion of the
movement of the inlet valve means, and having a lost motion
connection therewith, to provide a delay in the opening
and/or closing of the exhaust flow path with respect to
closing and/or opening movement of the inlet valve means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
457 for expansible chamber motors, other than cyclically
operable, having relatively movable inlet and exhaust valves
for a single chamber, which valves are movable by a single
actuating means.
Subclass:
268
This subclass is indented under subclass 265. Apparatus in
which cyclic admission of motive fluid is provided by
operation of the inlet valve means and exhaust is provided by
opening of an exhaust valve which is cyclically moved to or
held in its closed position by pressure or flow of the motive
fluid cyclically admitted by the inlet valve means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
442 for expansible chamber motors, other than cyclically
operable, having a self opening exhaust valve held closed by
inlet pressure.
Subclass:
269
This subclass is indented under subclass 265. Apparatus in
which a releasable drive means is provided to cyclically open
the inlet and/or exhaust valve means against a resisting
force, and means are provided to release said drive means to
allow said force to close the valve means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 247+ for cyclically operable expansible chamber
motors having movable relatively adjustable plural fluid
control elements with means to adjust said elements so as to
vary the timing of fluid control events, and especially
subclasses 254 and 260+ for such motors in which the cut off
is adjustable by means of biased valve means with adjustable
trip means.
338 for other cyclically operable motors having trip type
biased distributors.
Subclass:
270
This subclass is indented under subclass 265. Apparatus in
which the inlet and exhaust valve means are each movable
about an axis to cyclically control inlet and exhaust flow of
motive fluid to and from a motor working chamber.
Subclass:
271
This subclass is indented under subclass 265. Apparatus in
which the inlet and exhaust valve means each moves in a back
and forth motion to cyclically control inlet and exhaust of
motive fluid to and from a motor working chamber.
Subclass:
272
This subclass is indented under subclass 271. Apparatus in
which the path of reciprocating movement of both the inlet
and exhaust valve means is in alignment with or parallel to
the path of movement of the motor working member.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
228 for a cyclically operable motor having a piston which
carries relatively movable valves for inlet and exhaust, said
valves usually moving relative to the piston codirectional to
the movement of the piston.
Subclass:
273
This subclass is indented under subclass 272. Apparatus in
which the inlet and exhaust valve means are of the type in
which a valve member moves perpendicularly to or from its
seat to close or open the fluid flow path.
Subclass:
274
This subclass is indented under subclass 218. Apparatus in
which the motor is operated by motive fluid pressure applied
to opposing faces of a working member, and in which means are
provided to controllably vary the fluid handling capacity of
either an inlet or exhaust passage to or from one of the
working faces, without affecting the fluid handling capacity
of the corresponding passage to or from the opposite working
face.
Subclass:
275
This subclass is indented under subclass 218. Apparatus in
which the distributor or distributor actuating means includes
an element which is operated by an electric current or a
magnetic field.
(1) Note. Electrical or magnetic adjustment of the
distributor is included under this definition, even though
the cyclic operation may be by other than electrical or
magnetic means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
248 for cyclically operable motors having electrical
adjustment of timing control by relative adjustment of plural
movable fluid control elements.
459 for motors of other than the cyclically operable type
having electrically operated valves.
Subclass:
276
This subclass is indented under subclass 218. Apparatus in
which the distributor comprises a movable fluid control
element which is arranged so as to completely encompass the
working member in a plane transverse to the reciprocatory
path of said working member, the working member reciprocating
relative to the fluid control element, and the fluid control
element forming a portion of the working chamber wall.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
173 for expansible chamber motors wherein a working member
forms a movable chamber for another and also forms a movable
distributor therefor.
423 for a motive fluid valve which forms a movable chamber
wall portion traversed by a working member.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
417, Pumps, subclass 509 for expansible chamber pumps in
which the pump fluid is controlled by a valve means which is
formed by a movable portion of the pump chamber wall
traversed by the pumping member.
Subclass:
277
This subclass is indented under subclass 218. Apparatus in
which the distributor or distributor actuating means includes
selectively operable means to adjustably cause the working
member to reverse at two different extents of movement in one
direction.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 247+ for adjustable timing control for fluid
control events.
subclasses 284+ for a cyclically operable motor having
independent means to adjust a distributor supply or exhaust
passage, such means not necessarily changing the length of
stroke of the output motor working member.
subclasses 330+ for independently operable means to move or
adjust movement of a distributor.
Subclass:
278
This subclass is indented under subclass 277. Apparatus in
which diverse flow paths are provided for supply or exhaust
to or from a distributor motor working chamber, and the
selectively operable means determines the path of flow to
adjustably control the point of reversal of the output motor
working member.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
283 for a cyclically operably motor having independently
operable means to control fluid supply through diverse paths
to a distributor motor chamber, such control not necessarily
changing the length of stroke of the output motor working
member.
Subclass:
279
This subclass is indented under subclass 277. Apparatus in
which the selectively operable means comprises a lost motion
connection between the working member and the distributor,
the amount of lost motion being adjustable.
Subclass:
280
This subclass is indented under subclass 218. Apparatus in
which the distributor is cyclically actuated by a
substantially constant mass of fluid forming a fluid link
between a valve actuating surface and an actuated surface.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
460 for pulsator actuated valves for motors of the
noncyclically operable type.
Subclass:
281
This subclass is indented under subclass 218. Apparatus in
which the working member position controls or varies the
supply or exhaust of motive fluid for a motor which
cyclically moves the distributor.
(1) Note. Since this definition deals with at least two
fluid operated motors, the output motor and a motor operating
the means controlling the distribution of motive fluid to the
output motor, the titles and definitions of the indented
subclass elements of the output motor will be specified as
output motor elements or merely motor elements while the term
"distributor" will preceed the motor elements operating the
means controlling the distribution of motive fluid to the
output motor.
(2) Note. A motor is included under this definition as
controlling distributor motive fluid in response to position
even though the distributor is reversed solely by a change in
pressure in the working chamber as a result, for example, of
the working member compressing fluid in the working chamber,
or due to a build-up of motive fluid at the end of the stroke
of the working member. Such position of reversal will
normally remain constant with a consistent load and uniform
motive fluid supply, but the position may change if the load
or supply varies.
(3) Note. The motor which moves the distributor under this
definition may be merely an integral face of the distributor
which is subjected to fluid pressure to shift the
distributor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
155 for a multiple expansion expansible chamber fluid motor
having a fluid acutated distributor.
subclasses 189+ for relatively movable working members in
which one controls another.
subclasses 191+ for an expansible chamber fluid motor
having plural working members in which the position of each
cyclically controls another, and particularly subclass 193
for a fluid actuated valve controlled by a relatively movable
working member.
278 for selectively usable distributor reversal passages for
a fluid operated distributor.
Subclass:
282
This subclass is indented under subclass 281. Apparatus in
which the distributor motor working chamber is provided with
inlet motive fluid which is supplied from different sources
at different times or flows through supply paths that are
different at the will of the operator or under different
operating conditions so as to supply force to act on the same
face of the working member at different times.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 6+ for fluid supply through diverse flow paths
to a single expansible chamber of an expansible chamber fluid
motor.
Subclass:
283
This subclass is indented under subclass 282. Apparatus in
which a manually operable means is provided to separately
control one of the sources or paths.
Subclass:
284
This subclass is indented under subclass 281. Apparatus in
which a manually operable means is provided to selectively
vary the flow carrying capacity of a passage which supplies
fluid to or exhausts fluid from a fluid operated distributor
motor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
225 for a cyclically operable motor having a distributor in
the piston, and in which the piston traverses a pilot port to
control distributor motor motive fluid.
263 for a cyclically operable motor having timing control by
relative adjustment of plural movable fluid control elements
in which cutoff is adjustable relative to admission, and
involving adjustable fluid control for fluid actuated inlet
valve.
Subclass:
285
This subclass is indented under subclass 284. Apparatus in
which the means varies the supply or exhaust passage for one
chamber of a double acting distributor motor without
affecting the supply or exhaust for the opposed chamber.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
274 for a cyclically operable expansible chamber fluid motor
having an independent throttle adjustment for one side of a
double acting motor.
Subclass:
286
This subclass is indented under subclass 281. Apparatus in
which a mechanical linkage or transmission connected to or
engaged by the output motor working member moves the
distributor motor working member, such movement controlling a
port supplying fluid to or exhausting fluid from the
distributor motor working chamber to cause an additional
fluid powered movement of the distributor motor working
member.
Subclass:
287
This subclass is indented under subclass 286. Apparatus in
which the movement of the distributor motor working member
which is caused mechanically moves a relatively movable valve
means which controls the distributor motor supply or exhaust
port.
(1) Note. The relatively movable means may comprise a
distributor which also controls supply or exhaust for the
output motor.
Subclass:
288
This subclass is indented under subclass 286. Apparatus in
which the mechanically caused movement of the distributor is
about an axis, followed by a fluid actuated movement which
may or may not be the same type as the mechanically caused
movement.
(1) Note. The fluid actuated movement is usually parallel to
the axis of rotation of the rotary movement.
Subclass:
289
This subclass is indented under subclass 281. Apparatus in
which a manually operable means is provided to (1) adjust a
means such as a brake or dash pot to control rate of movement
of the distributor working member or (2) hold the distributor
motor in a predetermined position.
Subclass:
290
This subclass is indented under subclass 281. Apparatus in
which a passage is provided to convey motive fluid to or
convey exhaust fluid from a distributor motor working
chamber, said passage receiving motive fluid from the output
motor working chamber or receiving exhaust fluid from the
distributor motor working chamber and being connected to a
port in the output motor working chamber wall which is
controlled by the reciprocatory motion of the output motor
working member.
(1) Note. The "distributor motor" under this definition may
be a motor operating a pilot valve for the motor which
operates the distributor.
Subclass:
291
This subclass is indented under subclass 290. Apparatus in
which the port in the output motor working chamber controls a
pilot valve motor which further controls the motor operating
the distributor for the output motor.
Subclass:
292
This subclass is indented under subclass 291. Apparatus in
which the distributor or distributor working member further
controls the passage leading from the output motor working
chamber to the pilot valve motor.
Subclass:
293
This subclass is indented under subclass 290. Apparatus in
which a cyclically operated valve controls the passage from
the output motor working chamber to the distributor motor
working chamber.
Subclass:
294
This subclass is indented under subclass 293. Apparatus in
which the cyclically operated valve is operated by a fluid
motor the fluid supply or exhaust of which is controlled
separately from the distributor motor supply.
(1) Note. The pilot valve motor supply or exhaust is usually
controlled by the distributor motor working member.
Subclass:
295
This subclass is indented under subclass 290. Apparatus in
which the output motor working member controls separate ports
in the working chamber wall, said ports conveying fluid in
such a manner as to cause relative movement of plural
distributor motors.
Subclass:
296
This subclass is indented under subclass 290. Apparatus in
which the distributor motor working chamber is constantly
connected to exhaust, said exhaust being throttled with
relation to controlled supply through the working member
controlled port to cause distributor cyclic operation.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
52 for expansible chamber fluid motors having constantly
open throttled exhaust with controlled motive fluid supply.
Subclass:
297
This subclass is indented under subclass 290. Apparatus in
which the output motor working member is provided with a
passage to convey fluid to or from the distributor motor
working chamber.
(1) Note. The passage in the working member is not
necessarily entirely within the working member but may be
formed by cooperation with the working chamber wall.
(2) Note. The passage in the working member need not
necessarily communicate with the pilot port in the output
motor working chamber side wall.
Subclass:
298
This subclass is indented under subclass 297. Apparatus in
which the passage in the output motor working member supplies
inlet motive fluid to the distributor working chamber.
Subclass:
299
This subclass is indented under subclass 290. Apparatus in
which the distributor motor working member is moved in one
direction by fluid compressed in the output motor working
chamber by the movement of the output motor working member.
Subclass:
300
This subclass is indented under subclass 290. Apparatus in
which the distributor motor working member is moved in one
direction by motive fluid which is continuously applied to
the distributor motor working member.
Subclass:
301
This subclass is indented under subclass 290. Apparatus in
which the distributor motor working member controls a port in
the distributor motor working chamber which conveys fluid to
or from the distributor motor working chamber.
(1) Note. The distributor motor working member controlled
port need not actually convey fluid to move said working
member, but may merely convey fluid for the purpose of
retaining the working member in a reversed position.
Subclass:
302
This subclass is indented under subclass 290. Apparatus in
which the pilot port conducts exhaust fluid from the
distributor motor working chamber into the output motor
working chamber, said output motor working chamber being
exhausted through a port in the wall thereof which is
controlled by the position of the output motor working
member.
Subclass:
303
This subclass is indented under subclass 281. Apparatus in
which the distributor is adapted to be moved cyclically
solely by mechanical connection with the output motor working
member (1) in one direction of movement for each complete
cycle of operation or (2) as a safety measure to insure the
continuous operation of the motor, even if the fluid operated
distributor motor fails to properly function.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 286+ for a cyclically operable motor having a
distributor or distributor motor mechanically moved
cyclically to control actuating fluid for the distributor
motor.
Subclass:
304
This subclass is indented under subclass 281. Apparatus in
which a fluid passage is controlled by a relatively movable
valve in response to movement of the output motor working
member to a predetermined position to cyclically connect the
distributor motor working chamber to exhaust or motive fluid
supply.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 290+ for a cyclically operable motor in which
the working member traverses a pilot port in the working
chamber side wall to control motive fluid supply for a
distributor motor, and particularly subclasses 291+ for a
motor in which the pilot port controls a separate motor for
an intermediate pilot valve and subclasses 293+ for a motor
in which the passage from the port is controlled by a pilot
valve.
461 for pilot valves for motors of the noncyclically
operable type.
Subclass:
305
This subclass is indented under subclass 304. Apparatus in
which the distributor motor is controlled by plural,
relatively movable pilot valves, either in series or
parallel.
Subclass:
306
This subclass is indented under subclass 305. Apparatus in
which each pilot valve controls the distributor motor
independent of the movement of any other pilot valve.
(1) Note. Under this definition, pilot valves are considered
to be independent if one pilot valve controls the distributor
motor working member to move in one direction and another
pilot valve controls the distributor motor working member to
move in the opposite direction.
Subclass:
307
This subclass is indented under subclass 304. Apparatus in
which the pilot valve controls the exhaust of motive fluid
from the distributor motor working chamber, said chamber
being constantly supplied with motive fluid under all
conditions of operation.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 51+ for motors having a working chamber which is
constantly supplied with motive fluid and having a controlled
vent or exhaust passage from said chamber.
Subclass:
308
This subclass is indented under subclass 304. Apparatus in
which the pilot valve is moved by a fluid operated motor
controlled by position of the output motor working member or
pressure in the output motor working chamber.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 291+ for cyclically operable motors having
working member controlled motive fluid for a distributor
motor in which the working member traverses a pilot port in
the working chamber side wall, and in which said port
controls a separate motor for an intermediate pilot valve.
294 for cyclically operable motors having working member
controlled motive fluid for a distributor motor in which the
working member traverses a pilot port in the working chamber
side wall, and in which said port is further controlled by a
pilot valve moved by a separately controlled fluid motor.
subclasses 305+ for a cyclically operable motor having a
working member controlled motive fluid supply for a
distributor motor, and including plural pilot valves, one or
more of which may be fluid actuated.
Subclass:
309
This subclass is indented under subclass 304. Apparatus in
which the distributor motor working member is moved in one
direction by continuously applied fluid pressure and in the
opposing direction by fluid under control of the pilot
valve.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
300 for a cyclically operable motor in which the distributor
is moved in one direction by constantly supplied motive
fluid, and in the opposite direction by fluid supplied
through a working member controlled port in the working
chamber side wall.
Subclass:
310
This subclass is indented under subclass 304. Apparatus in
which the pilot valve is cyclically moved about an axis.
Subclass:
311
This subclass is indented under subclass 304. Apparatus in
which the pilot valve is given a cyclic movement which is not
substantially parallel to the reciprocatory path of movement
of the output motor working member.
Subclass:
312
This subclass is indented under subclass 304. Apparatus in
which a distributor motor motive fluid supply or exhaust port
is provided in the distributor motor working member and said
port is controlled by relative movement between said working
member and the pilot valve.
Subclass:
313
This subclass is indented under subclass 304. Apparatus in
which means transmitting cyclic motion from the output motor
working member to the pilot valve includes an element which
moves relative to the working member and extends into the
working chamber.
Subclass:
314
This subclass is indented under subclass 304. Apparatus in
which means transmitting cyclic motion from the output motor
working member to the pilot valve includes an element moved
relative to both the working member and pilot valve at least
once during each cycle of operation.
Subclass:
315
This subclass is indented under subclass 281. Apparatus in
which the distributor is cyclically moved about an axis.
Subclass:
316
This subclass is indented under subclass 281. Apparatus in
which the distributor is given a cyclic movement which is not
substantially parallel to the reciprocatory path of movement
of the output motor working member.
Subclass:
317
This subclass is indented under subclass 281. Apparatus in
which the distributor motor working member is moved by fluid
compressed in the output motor working chamber by the
movement of the output motor working member.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
299 for cyclically operable motors having a distributor
motor controlled by fluid from an output motor working member
controlled port in a working chamber side wall, and including
operation of the distributor motor by fluid compressed by the
output motor working member in the output motor working
chamber.
Subclass:
318
This subclass is indented under subclass 281. Apparatus in
which the reaching of the terminus of a stroke of the output
motor working member results in increase of pressure in the
working chamber due to continued supply of motive fluid
without working member movement, the increase of pressure in
the working chamber causing the distributor motor to shift
the distributor to reverse the direction of movement of the
output motor working member.
Subclass:
319
This subclass is indented under subclass 281. Apparatus in
which fluid communication through a motive fluid supply or
exhaust passage for a fluid actuated distributor motor is
cyclically connected and disconnected by the output motor
working member which acts directly as a valve for said
passage.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
225 for a cyclically operable motor having a distributor in
the piston, and in which the piston traverses a pilot port to
control distributor motor motive fluid.
subclasses 290+ for working member traversal of a pilot
port in the working chamber side wall to cyclically control a
fluid actuated distributor motor by supplying distributing
motor actuating fluid from or exhausting distributing motor
actuating fluid to a working chamber of the output motor, and
particularly subclasses 297+ for such structure combined with
a passage for pilot fluid in the working member.
Subclass:
320
This subclass is indented under subclass 319. Apparatus in
which the working member comprises a piston having opposed
working faces and a passage on or in the piston between the
opposed working faces, the distributor motor fluid being
conveyed to or from the distributor motor working chamber by
said passage.
Subclass:
321
This subclass is indented under subclass 218. Apparatus in
which motive fluid is continuously supplied to one chamber to
act constantly on a working member of a motor during
recurring cycles thereof.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
224 for cyclically operable motors having a distributor in
the piston, and in which the distributor establishes
communication between opposed faces, one face of which is
usually constantly supplied.
235 for a cyclically operable motor having opposed working
faces, and in which one working chamber receives a controlled
motive fluid supply from an opposed chamber having a constant
supply. NOTE "PLACEMENT OF PATENTS" IN THE CLASS DEFINITION
AND THE PARAGRAPH FOLLOWING THE TITLE IN THE SCHEDULE OF THIS
CLASS.
417 for noncyclically operable motors having motive fluid
constantly applied to one working member face.
Subclass:
322
This subclass is indented under subclass 218. Apparatus
including means operable independent of working member
movement to positively hold the distributor in set position
relative to the ports in the valve seat with which the
distributor normally cooperates to control the motor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 41+ for correlated control of motive fluid and
lock means for an expansible chamber fluid motor.
289 for working member controlled motive fluid supply for a
distributor motor combined with means to lock the motor.
Subclass:
323
This subclass is indented under subclass 218. Apparatus in
which the motor comprises opposed working chambers and
separate distributors for the working chambers, said
distributors being free of one another to cyclically
relatively move during operation.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
265 for relatively movable inlet and exhaust valves for a
single expansible chamber.
Subclass:
324
This subclass is indented under subclass 323. Apparatus in
which at least one of the distributors is cyclically moved
about an axis.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
352 and see the subclasses there noted for other
distributors which move about an axis.
Subclass:
325
This subclass is indented under subclass 218. Apparatus in
which inlet or exhaust of motive fluid is controlled by the
motor working member uncovering a motive fluid inlet or
exhaust port which is not further controlled by a cyclically
operated valve.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
184 for a motor having relatively movable working members
with one movable interconnected with another to cause
relative motion in which a working member covers a port to
control motive fluid.
subclasses 232+ for a motor in which both the inlet and
exhaust are controlled solely by the piston overrunning or
uncovering inlet and exhaust ports.
302 for a cyclically operable motor having working member
controlled motive fluid supply for a distributor motor in
which the working member traverses a pilot passage in the
working chamber side wall, the pilot port being relieved into
a chamber having a working member controlled exhaust port.
Subclass:
326
This subclass is indented under subclass 218. Apparatus in
which the distributor is moved in a first direction (e.g.,
about an axis), and also in another direction which is not
substantially parallel to the first direction.
(1) Note. For classification under this definition one
direction of movement is cyclic and the other may or may not
be cyclic (e.g., may be for the purpose of a throttling
adjustment which is not necessarily cyclically changed).
Subclass:
327
This subclass is indented under subclass 218. Apparatus in
which the distributor is moved about an axis which extends
substantially parallel to the axis of reciprocation of the
motor working member.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
352 and see the subclasses there noted for other
distributors which move about an axis.
Subclass:
328
This subclass is indented under subclass 218. Apparatus in
which the distributor and the motor piston have approximately
the same cross-sectional configuration so as to cooperate
with common cylindrical walls of the motor cylinder, the
distributor being located either in a working chamber or in a
space formed between opposed working member faces.
Subclass:
329
This subclass is indented under subclass 218. Apparatus in
which the distributor is located within the periphery of a
cylinder defined by spaced working member faces, and within
the space between the faces.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 222+ for a cyclically operable motor having a
distributor in the piston.
Subclass:
330
This subclass is indented under subclass 218. Apparatus in
which means are provided to (1) move a distributor
independently of motor operation or (2) adjust movement of a
distributor relative to the movement of the working member
either independently of or in response to a condition of
motor operation.
(1) Note. This definition includes any means to cause or
permit the adjustment of the distributor such as a relatively
adjustable joint or connection.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 39+ for independent distributor actuation for
cyclic control.
subclasses 187+ for relatively movable working member with
means interconnecting working members to cause relative
motion in which means is provided to vary cyclic relation of
distributor to working member.
subclasses 247+ for timing control for a cyclically
operable motor by relative adjustment of plural movable fluid
control elements.
subclasses 277+ for adjustable working member reversal
position for a cyclically operable motor.
subclasses 282+ for fluid supply through diverse paths to
cyclically operable working member controlled distributor
motor chamber, which paths may be independently
controllable.
subclasses 284+ for independent means to adjust the
distributor motor supply or exhaust passage of a working
member controlled distributor of a cyclically operable
motor.
subclasses 289+ for adjustable means to retard or lock a
cyclically operable, working member controlled distributor
motor.
478 for motors having three or more cylinders arranged in
parallel, radial, or conical relationship with a rotary
transmission axis and in which there is provided separate
motive fluid control for each working chamber and means for
varying the cyclic members and its associated control valve.
subclasses 482+ for motors having three or more cylinders
arranged in parallel, radial, or conical relationship with a
rotary transmission axis and means for varying the cyclic
relation between at least one of said reciprocating members
and its associated control valve.
Subclass:
331
This subclass is indented under subclass 330. Apparatus in
which a mechanical means connects the working member to the
distributor, and the mechanical means is manipulated or
adjusted to move or control movement of the distributor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
187 for relatively movable working members with means
interconnecting working members to cause relative motion in
which means is provided to vary cyclic relation of
distributor to working member.
277 for a cyclically operable motor having means to adjust
the working member reversal position, and which generally
involves an adjustment of the motion transmission from the
working member to the distributor.
478 for motors having three or more cylinders arranged in
parallel, radial, or conical relationship with a rotary
transmission axis and in which there is provided separate
motive fluid control for each working chamber and means for
varying the cyclic relation between at least one of said
reciprocating members and its associated control valve.
subclasses 482+ for motors having three or more cylinders
arranged in parallel, radial, or conical relationship with a
rotary transmission axis and means for varying the cyclic
relation between at least one of said reciprocating members
and its associated control valve.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, subclasses 828+ for an
alternating motion driven device with means operable during
operation to adjust length of and/or displace stroke, and
including many such devices which are described as operating
expansible chamber motor valves.
Subclass:
332
This subclass is indented under subclass 331. Apparatus in
which the mechanical means is manipulated or adjusted by a
motor.
Subclass:
333
This subclass is indented under subclass 331. Apparatus in
which the manipulating or adjusting means is operated in
response to a means, (e.g., governor) sensing a speed
condition of the motor.
Subclass:
334
This subclass is indented under subclass 331. Apparatus in
which the manipulation or adjustment of the mechanical means
results in causing a shaft forming part of the mechanical
means (generally the output shaft of the motor) to change
direction of continuous unidirectional rotation.
Subclass:
335
This subclass is indented under subclass 218. Apparatus
including (1) a valve positioned in the motor inlet or
exhaust line which is operable independently of motor
operation to selectively vary the fluid handling capacity
thereof or (2) a distributor which is selectively adjustable
either by being composed of plural relatively adjustable
parts or cooperating in a different manner with a controlled
port to vary the fluid handling capacity of the distributor
for one complete cycle of motor operation.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 247+ for a cyclically operable motor having
adjustable timing control for fluid control events.
subclasses 265+ for a cyclically operable motor having
relatively adjustable inlet and exhaust valves.
274 for a cyclically operable motor having an independent
throttle adjustment for one side of double acting motor.
326 for a cyclically operable motor having a distributor
which moves transverse and parallel to the same line, one of
the movements of which may comprise a distributor throttle
adjustment.
330 for a cyclically operable motor having independently
operable means to move or adjust movement of distributor.
Subclass:
336
This subclass is indented under subclass 335. Apparatus in
which a means sensing a speed condition of the motor
comprises a means to directly operate the (1) valve to vary
inlet or exhaust or (2) means to adjust the distributor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
221 for a cyclically operable motor having speed condition
responsive stop means.
333 for a cyclically operable motor having speed responsive
control means to adjust the motion transmission from the
working member to the distributor.
Subclass:
337
This subclass is indented under subclass 218. Apparatus
including a means which does not cause cyclic distributor
movement but functions to positively hold or hold a
distributor part against movement until a predetermined force
tending to cause movement is attained, said means being
released at least once for each cycle of the motor to permit
distributor movement.
Subclass:
338
This subclass is indented under subclass 337. Apparatus in
which the holding means is adapted to positively hold the
distributor regardless of the degree of force applied by the
distributor, it being necessary to remove the holding means
by a means movable relative to the distributor before
distributor reversal may occur.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
254 for cyclically operable motors having plural movable
fluid control elements to provide timing cutoff adjustment
relative to admission in which the fluid control elements
include a biased cutoff with an adjustable trip.
269 for cyclically operable motors having relatively movable
inlet and exhaust valves at least one of which is biased with
a trip means.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
73, Measuring and Testing, subclass 251 for expansible
chamber type volume or rate of flow meters having trip type
valve gear.
Subclass:
339
This subclass is indented under subclass 218. Apparatus in
which the working member moves back and forth about an axis
to describe an arc of not more than 360 degrees.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
177 223 and 266, for expansible chamber motors having
oscillating working members in organizations of the type
provided therein.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
92, Expansible Chamber Devices, subclass 67 for
organizations which include relatively moving, oscillating
working members and; subclasses 120+ for oscillating working
members, per se, or for cylinders adapted to cooperate
therewith.
Subclass:
340
This subclass is indented under subclass 339. Apparatus
having a part continuously rotated in a single direction by a
working member and a distributor actuated by said part to
control the flow of motive fluid for said working member.
Subclass:
341
This subclass is indented under subclass 218. Apparatus in
which means transmitting cyclic motion from the working
member to the distributor includes an element which moves
relative to the working member and extends into the working
chamber.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
276 for cyclically operable motors in which the distributor
forms a traversed, movable portion of the working chamber
side wall, the distributor being usually reversed by contact
with the working member.
313 for cyclically operable motors having a working member
controlled motive fluid supply for a distributor motor in
which a pilot valve actuator extends into the working
chamber.
subclasses 348+ for motors in which the working member
includes spaced working surfaces, and in which the
distributor actuating means includes a member contacting the
working member and movable relative thereto and positioned
between said spaced working surfaces.
Subclass:
342
This subclass is indented under subclass 341. Apparatus in
which the means extending into the working chamber cyclically
relatively moves through an opening in a working face of the
working member which comprises a piston.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
229 for a cyclically operable motor having a distributor in
the piston which is actuated by abutment with the cylinder
head.
Subclass:
343
This subclass is indented under subclass 341. Apparatus in
which the means extending into the working chamber is given a
cyclic movement which is not substantially parallel to the
reciprocatory path of movement of the working member.
Subclass:
344
This subclass is indented under subclass 218. Apparatus in
which a means adapted to store kinetic energy, such as a
weight or spring, is moved a distance as a consequence of
working member movement to store such energy, followed by the
release of such energy to reverse, or complete the reversal
of the distributor regardless of whether the working member
continues to move or not.
(1) Note. A motor, in which a distributor reversing element
is initially restrained to store kinetic energy solely by
motive fluid which the distributor controls, is classified
under this definition only if the motive fluid causes such
restraint by acting upon an element which is movable relative
to the distributor. Motors having reversing elements which
store kinetic energy as a result of an unbalanced action of
motive fluid upon the distributor are classified on other
features.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 286+ for working member controlled motive fluid
for distributor motor in which the distributor motor is
mechanically moved cyclically to control actuating fluid
supply.
Subclass:
345
This subclass is indented under subclass 344. Apparatus in
which the distributor is cyclically moved about an axis.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
352 and see the subclasses there noted for other
distributors which move about an axis.
339 for cyclically operable expansible chamber motors having
oscillating working members and which include distributors
whose motion about an axis is influenced by a bias means
which varies as a function of the distributor position.
Subclass:
346
This subclass is indented under subclass 344. Apparatus in
which the kinetic energy storing means comprises a spring.
(1) Note. Fluid operated biasing means are considered as
springs for the purposes of this definition only when biased
by a fluid which is independent of the motive fluid supply
for the expansible chamber motor.
Subclass:
347
This subclass is indented under subclass 346. Apparatus in
which the spring comprises a helical element form of plural
spaced coils which are biased parallel to the coil axis, and
at least one complete coil of the helix is moved laterally
relative to said axis during each cycle.
Subclass:
348
This subclass is indented under subclass 218. Apparatus in
which the working member is a piston having spaced working
surfaces and the distributor actuating means includes a
member contacting the working member, movable relative
thereto, and positioned between said working surfaces.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 313+ for a cyclically operable motor having
working member controlled motive fluid supply for a
distributor motor in which a pilot valve actuator extends
into a working chamber.
328 for a cyclically operable motor having a distributor
which peripherally engages the working chamber wall or
cylinder between opposed working faces.
329 for a cyclically operable motor having a distributor
located in a cylinder between spaced working faces.
subclasses 341+ for a cyclically operable motor having a
distributor actuator extending into a working chamber.
Subclass:
349
This subclass is indented under subclass 348. Apparatus in
which the distributor is cyclically moved about an axis.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
352 and see the search there noted for other distributors
which move about an axis.
Subclass:
350
This subclass is indented under subclass 218. Apparatus in
which means transmitting cyclic motion from the working
member to the distributor includes an element moved relative
to both the working member and distributor during each cycle
of operation.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 330+ for independently operable means to move or
adjust movement of distributor and particularly subclasses
331+ for such means which adjusts a connection between a
working member and a distributor.
Subclass:
351
This subclass is indented under subclass 350. Apparatus in
which the means transmitting cyclic motion includes a
circular or arcuate element provided with peripheral teeth
and which is unidirectionally moved about an axis, to
cooperate with teeth on another element.
Subclass:
352
This subclass is indented under subclass 350. Apparatus in
which the distributor is cyclically moved about an axis.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
270 for cyclically operable motors having relatively movable
or adjustable inlet and exhaust valves in which both valves
are moved about an axis.
315 for cyclically operable motors having working member
controlled motive fluid supply for distributor motor in which
the distributor moves about an axis.
324 for cyclically operable double acting motors having
relatively movable distributors for opposed working chambers,
at least one of the distributors being movable about an
axis.
subclasses 327+ for cyclically operable motors having a
distributor which moves about an axis parallel to the working
member reciprocatory path.
339 for cyclically operable expansible chamber motors having
oscillating working members and which include distributors
which move about an axis.
345 for cyclically operable motors having biased means to
move a distributor after predetermined travel in which the
distributor moves about an axis.
349 for cyclically operably motors in which the piston area
between spaced working member faces contacts a relatively
movable part to reverse the distributor, in which the
distributor moves about an axis.
Subclass:
353
This subclass is indented under subclass 350. Apparatus in
which the distributor is given a cyclic movement which is not
substantially parallel to the reciprocatory path of movement
of the working member.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
310 for a cyclically operable motor having a working member
controlled pilot valve for a distributor motor in which the
pilot moves laterally relative to the working member
reciprocatory path.
316 for a cyclically operable motor having a working member
controlled distributor motor which moves laterally relative
to the working member reciprocatory path.
343 for a cyclically operable motor having a distributor
actuator extending into the working chamber, and in which the
actuator moves laterally relative to the reciprocatory path
of the working member.
Subclass:
354
This subclass is indented under subclass 350. Apparatus in
which the relatively moved element is moved unidirectionally
about an axis.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
188 for relatively movable working members with means
interconnecting working members to cause relative motion in
which a control actuator includes a cam or crank rigid with
means connecting the working members.
334 for a cyclically operable motor having a means to adjust
the motion transmission from a working member to a
distributor in which the means reverses the direction of
rotation of an interposed shaft.
340 for a cyclically operable motor having an oscillating
working member in which the distributor is reversed by a
rotated part.
351 for a meshing rotary gear element included in the
connecting train between a working member and distributor.
352 and see the subclasses there noted for distributors
which move about an axis.
Subclass:
355
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus in which the working member of the motor operates
from a given position through a forward stroke and a return
stroke to the starting position, the motor having control
means which when operated causes the working member to move
through the forward and return stroke and then stop even
though the control means is maintained in the operated
position.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
2 for control means which stops or modifies the action of a
motor after a predetermined number of cycles of the working
member greater than one.
subclasses 218+ for motors in which the working members
operates through more than one cycle. Patents disclosing
motors having control means which when operated, but
immediately released, will cause one cycle of movement of the
working member and which are also capable of operating in a
cyclic manner as long as the control means is operated have
been placed in subclasses 218+ even though the cyclic mode of
operation has not been specifically described therein.
Subclass:
356
This subclass is indented under subclass 355. Apparatus in
which the working member of the motor is reversed to operate
through the return stroke by means responsive to an increase
or decrease in the pressure of the motive fluid.
(1) Note. The change in pressure of the motive fluid may be
caused by the working member moving to a predetermined
position, as by engaging the end of the cylinder or a stop,
or by a change in the load on the working member having no
relationship to the position of the working member or the
distance it has traveled before the pressure change occurs.
Subclass:
357
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus in which a nonmovable portion of the working
chamber wall is provided with (1) an outlet opening
intermediate the limits of movement of the working member and
means for selectively opening and closing said outlet opening
or (2) an outlet opening the position of which is adjustable
in the direction of working member travel; said outlet
opening acting as a vent for the expanding chamber or an
exhaust for the contracting chamber which is cut off when
overrun by the working member.
(1) Note. In connection with part (1) of this definition the
outlet opening only acts as a vent when it is selectively
opened. In many cases there is provided a plurality of
longitudinally spaced controllable vents to cause the working
member to stop at any one of a plurality of selected
positions.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
402 for motors in which the working member overruns an
exhaust port to vent the expanding chamber.
Subclass:
358
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus comprising valve means for controlling the flow of
motive fluid, signal input means operated manually or by some
separate control instrumentality for operating said valve
means to cause operation of the motor, the motor providing a
feedback signal in response to the position of the working
member thereof, said feedback signal acting to control or
modify the operation of said valve means.
(1) Note. This definition does not include a feedback signal
responsive to motor chamber fluid pressure build-up or fall
off even if such a pressure change is a result of the motor
reaching an extreme of its travel, see subclass 433 and the
search there noted for such devices.
(2) Note. The term "signal input means" is intended to cover
broadly any device for operating the valve means and may be
no more than a manually operated handle directly connected
thereto.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 392+ and the search there noted for expansible
chamber motors having working member responsive motive fluid
controls.
Subclass:
359
This subclass is indented under subclass 358. Apparatus
comprising feedback signal means which acts on the valve
means to cause the working member to increase or continue its
movement in the same direction in which it was started by the
signal input means.
Subclass:
360
This subclass is indented under subclass 358. Apparatus in
which the system is of the type where upon loss or
termination of the input signal the working member would
normally move to one extreme of its range of travel, and
means are provided which are effective upon loss or
termination of said input signal to cause the working member
to assume a position intermediate the ends of its range of
travel or to prevent movement thereof to an extreme of its
range.
Subclass:
361
This subclass is indented under subclass 358. Apparatus in
which the input signal is electrical and the signal created
in response to the position of the working member operates
electrically to modify or control the operation of the valve
means.
(1) Note. The signal created in response to the position of
the working member may control or modify the operation of the
valve means by electrically altering the input signal.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
459 for expansible chamber motors with electrically operated
motive fluid control valves not involving an electrical
feedback.
Subclass:
362
This subclass is indented under subclass 361. Apparatus
comprising a plurality of switch or contact means in the
electrical input and feedback circuits corresponding to a
plurality of specific increments of the range of movement of
the motor working member in one direction such that on making
or breaking certain ones of the switches or contacts a
definite range of movement or a specific position of the
working member will result.
Subclass:
363
This subclass is indented under subclass 361. Apparatus in
which the input and feedback means is of the type in which
the motor will move a given amount corresponding to a given
magnitude of input signal and the feedback signal means will
reset the valve means to stop the motor after said
corresponding amount of movement has been obtained.
Subclass:
364
This subclass is indented under subclass 358. Apparatus
including means responsive to (1) the rate of movement or (2)
the rate of change of movement of the working member to alter
the feedback signal while the working member is in motion
such that the feedback signal at any particular instant does
not represent the true position of the working member at that
instant but a position at some future or past time related to
its rate of movement at that particular instant.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 35+ for expansible chamber motors including an
independently operated timing or delay means the operation of
which is not initiated by the motor.
435 for expansible chamber motor control valves controlled
by the rate of movement of the working member and not
involving a position feedback.
Subclass:
365
This subclass is indented under subclass 358. Apparatus in
which the valve means is actuated by a fluid pressure
operated motor and a secondary or pilot valve is operable to
control the flow of pressure fluid to the valve actuating
motor, the input signal being applied to the secondary or
pilot valve and additional position feedback means being
provided from the valve actuating motor to the pilot valve.
Subclass:
366
This subclass is indented under subclass 358. Apparatus in
which the input signal for the valve means is produced by a
means which is driven from a rotating shaft and the signal
varies in accordance with the speed at which the rotating
shaft is driven.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
435 and the subclasses there noted for other expansible
chamber motors controlled by speed governors.
Subclass:
367
This subclass is indented under subclass 358. Apparatus in
which there are a plurality of separate means for generating
an input signal operatively associated with a single valve
means such that the separate signal generating means may
actuate the valve means either separately or simultaneously.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
453 for expansible chamber motors having plural actuators
for a single valve and not including position responsive
feedback means.
Subclass:
368
This subclass is indented under subclass 358. Apparatus in
which the valve means comprises relatively movable parts
whose range of movement to cause actuation of the working
member is limited to a fractional portion of the total input
signal which may be applied and to the total range of
movement of the working member and in which the signal input
means and the working member are so related to the valve
means that working member movement will result only when the
input signal means moves and will continue only as long as
the signal input means continues to move; movement of the
working member ceasing when movement of the input signal
means ceases.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
363 for working member position feedback controls of the
follower type in which both the input and feedback signal
means are electrical.
Subclass:
369.1
With relatively movable working and output members reacting
on input member:
This subclass is indented under subclass 368. Apparatus in
which there is an output member for transmitting movement of
the working member to a load, the working member being
movable relative to the output member, and in which means are
provided to cause the relative movement between the working
members and the output member to affect the input signal
means.
(1) Note. A device having a flexible wall working member
must have a means other than the wall itself to permit
relative movement of the working member and the output
member.
Subclass:
369.2
Rubber block reaction means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 369.1. Apparatus in
which the means causing relative movement between the working
member and the output member comprises an elastomeric element
positioned in a chamber to transmit movement from the output
member to the valve means.
Subclass:
369.3
And transverse valve key:
This subclass is indented under subclass 369.2. Apparatus in
which the valve means moves in one direction from rest
position to cause movement of the working member, there being
provided an element (e.g., key-like element) which engages
the valve means or a member connected to the valve means for
limiting movement of the valve means in the opposite
direction beyond the rest position.
Subclass:
369.4
Lever reaction means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 369.1. Apparatus in
which the means causing relative movement between the working
member and the output member comprises at least one lever to
transmit movement from the output member or the working
member to the valve means.
Subclass:
370
This subclass is indented under subclass 368. Apparatus in
which the valve means is provided with a means responsive to
fluid pressure, which means is so related to the valve means
and a working chamber of the motor that it exerts a force on
the valve means due to pressure existing in the motor
chamber.
(1) Note. The means responsive to fluid pressure may be a
surface on one of the valve parts but for classification
under this definition the part must be specifically described
as having the function of a fluid pressure responsive means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
369 for motors in which the motor chamber pressure reaction
is transmitted to the input member by relative movement
between the working member and the load output member.
Subclass:
371
This subclass is indented under subclass 370. Apparatus in
which an additional valve means is provided for controlling
the application of fluid to the means responsive to fluid
pressure, said additional valve means also being responsive
to fluid pressure of a predetermined magnitude (1) to limit
the pressure of the fluid applied to the means responsive to
fluid pressure or (2) to change the proportion of the fluid
pressure in the working chamber applied to the means
responsive to fluid pressure when the working chamber
pressure rises above the predetermined magnitude.
Subclass:
372
This subclass is indented under subclass 370. Apparatus in
which the valve means has a mechanical spring acting on a
movable valve part in such a manner that a given minimum
force must be exerted on the valve part to cause its
movement.
Subclass:
373
This subclass is indented under subclass 372. Apparatus in
which movable parts of the input signal means and the means
responsive to fluid pressure are operatively connected to
transmit forces to each other during a portion of their
operation and to move relative to each other without
transmitting force during another portion of their
operation.
(1) Note. Devices in which the signal and reaction parts
move relative to each other because the reaction force is
transmitted through relatively movable sequentially operable
inlet and exhaust valves are excluded from this subclass
unless there is additional means to permit lost motion
between the parts.
Subclass:
374
This subclass is indented under subclass 368. Apparatus in
which the valve means has a plurality of (movable) parts
movable to perform a valving function, which are moved
relative to one another to control the flow of motive fluid,
one of said valve parts being moved by the input signal means
to cause movement of the working member and another of said
movable parts being operated in response to movement of the
working member to stop the working member.
Subclass:
375
This subclass is indented under subclass 374. Apparatus in
which at least one of the movable valve parts oscillates or
rotates about an axis relative to another valve part to
perform a valving function.
Subclass:
376
This subclass is indented under subclass 374. Apparatus in
which one of the movable valve parts is rigid with the
working member so as to move as a unit therewith without any
relative motion.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
375 for a plural movable valve parts type feedback control
in which one of the valve parts is unitary with a working
member which rotates or oscillates about an axis.
Subclass:
377
This subclass is indented under subclass 376. Apparatus in
which the movable valve part, the working member and a load
receiving member are connected by a linkage to provide a lost
motion connection so that there is a limited amount of motion
between the parts to cause operation of the valve before the
working member actuates the load.
Subclass:
378
This subclass is indented under subclass 376. Apparatus in
which the movable valve parts comprise a ported sleeve and a
spool mounted within the sleeve, said sleeve and spool being
both movable along the axis thereof to control the flow of
motive fluid.
Subclass:
379
This subclass is indented under subclass 368. Apparatus in
which the motor moves different increments in different parts
of its range of movement for the same increment of signal
input.
Subclass:
380
This subclass is indented under subclass 368. Apparatus
including relatively rotatable screw and follower (e.g., nut)
elements, the follower engaging the thread of the screw, and
the elements being also bodily displaceable as a unit (either
axially or rotatably); the input signal means, the valve
means and the working member being operatively connected to
the elements such that the signal input means will cause
operation of the valve means to initiate movement of the
working member by moving a first one of the elements either
by bodily displacement or rotation relative to the second
element while the working member remains stationary; the
operation of the valve means causing movement of the working
member which will cause the second element to move by the
other type of movement than that caused by the input signal
means to cause operation of the valve means to stop movement
of the working member while the input signal means remains
stationary.
(1) Note. The screw element of the above definition is
intended to be limited to an element having a helical track
of more than 360 deg. and is by this characteristic
distinguished from a cam device as provided for in subclass
382.
Subclass:
381
This subclass is indented under subclass 368. Apparatus
including a train of at least three intermeshing toothed
gears, one connected to the signal input means, another
connected to the valve means and a third connected to the
working member to provide the feedback signal, operation of
the signal input connected gear causing operation of the
valve means connected gear while the working member connected
gear is stationary, and operation of the working member
causing operation of the valve connected gear while the
signal input connected gear is stationary.
Subclass:
382
This subclass is indented under subclass 368. Apparatus
including cam and cam follower elements which are movable
relative to each other to cause a camming action and also to
cause relative movement without a camming action (i.e., a
noncamming movement), the input signal means, the valve means
and the working member being operatively connected to the
elements such that the input signal means will cause
operation of the valve means to initiate movement of the
working member by moving a first one of the elements relative
to the second by either a camming movement or a noncamming
movement while the working member remains stationary; the
operation of the valve means causing movement of the working
member which will cause the second element to move relative
to the first element by a movement of the other type than
that caused by the input signal means to cause operation of
the valve means to stop movement of the working member while
the input signal means remains stationary.
(1) Note. Devices in which a straight lever is operatively
connected to the input signal means, the valve means and the
working member and one or more of such connections is of the
pin and slot type to permit lost motion to accommodate for
the difference in motion of parts, e.g., rectilinear motion
of a valve stem and pivotal motion of the lever are not
considered to be a cam and follower follow-up for this
subclass and will generally be found in subclass 384.
(2) Note. See (1) Note under subclass 380 for an explanation
of the distinction between this subclass and subclass 380.
Subclass:
383
This subclass is indented under subclass 368. Apparatus
including a flexible means such as cable rope, chain, etc.,
connected to the signal input means, the valve means and the
working member such that the signal input means will cause
movement of the flexible means to operate the valve means to
cause movement of the working member; the flexible means
being moved by the working member to operate the valve means
to stop movement of the working member.
Subclass:
384
This subclass is indented under subclass 368. Apparatus
including a control link having three axially spaced
connecting points, one of said connecting points being
connected to the valve means, the second to the input signal
means and the third to the working member so that movement of
said input signal means will move said valve means through
said link and movement of the working member will reposition
the valve through said link.
Subclass:
385
This subclass is indented under subclass 358. Apparatus in
which the signal provided by the input signal means is a
variable force acting on the valve means and the working
member position signal is generated by means which provides a
variable force acting on the valve means in opposition to the
input signal force and which force is greater the greater the
deviation of the working member from a given position.
Subclass:
386
This subclass is indented under subclass 385. Apparatus in
which the means for generating the working member position
signal is adjustable to change the amount of force exerted
against the valve means for a given position of the working
member.
Subclass:
387
This subclass is indented under subclass 385. Apparatus in
which the working member position signal is generated by a
resilient material which is variably stressed by the position
of the working member.
Subclass:
388
This subclass is indented under subclass 358. Apparatus in
which means responsive to fluid pressure is connected to
operate or modify the operation of the valve means by fluid
pressure variations created in response to the position of
the working member.
(1) Note. The fluid pressure for operating the valve means
in response to the position of the working member may be
motive fluid from the motor or fluid from a separate supply.
(2) Note. A valve means which is operated by fluid pressure
variations which are created in the motive fluid merely by
the working member engaging the end of the chamber in which
it is working or by a mere variation in the load are
excluded, see subclass 433 and the search there noted for
such devices.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
403 for expansible chamber motors having a fluid actuated
valve in which the valve actuating fluid is controlled in
response to the working member position and which does not
involve a feedback means.
460 and 461, for expansible chamber motors having a pulsator
operated valve or a pilot valve, respectively.
Subclass:
389
This subclass is indented under subclass 358. Apparatus in
which the signal is provided in response to the working
member reaching a given position, the position of the working
member at which the signal is provided being selectively
changeable.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
277 for cyclic operable motors in which the working member
reversal position is adjustable.
386 for a working member position feedback control having a
bias type input signal and an adjustable feedback bias
means.
Subclass:
390
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus comprising means responsive to the movement or the
tendency to move of the working member to control the motive
fluid so as to restore the working member to its original
position or to provide a force counteracting the force
tending to move the working member.
(1) Note. This definition does not include means responsive
to motor chamber pressure build up or fall off even if such
pressure change is a result of a tendency of the working
member to move from a given position, see subclass 433 and
the search there noted for such devices.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 358+ for working member position feedback
controls having a valve means which is actuated by an input
signal to initiate operation of the motor and the working
member creates a signal which acts on the same valve means to
modify the operation of the motor. Practically all of these
devices will also operate to maintain the working member in
position when there is no input signal.
Subclass:
391
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus having means for moving the load normally driven by
the working member by a human operator in the absence of
operation of the motor.
(1) Note. When the load is moved manually the motor working
member may also move due to the application of the manual
force.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 368+ for follower type working member position
feedback controls which generally provide for movement of the
load when motive fluid is not available to operate the motor
by engagement of the valve parts on extreme travel of such
parts and without other means to facilitate manual actuation.
Patents in which such means is provided have been cross
referenced to this subclass 391.
Subclass:
392
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus in which the flow of motive fluid to or from a
working chamber or within a working chamber is modified so as
to alter the motor operation in response to the working
member of the motor attaining a given position in the working
chamber.
(1) Note. Motors in which a control is effected by a motive
fluid pressure change due merely to the working member
reaching the end of the stroke or engaging a stop or the like
are not considered to be position responsive under this
definition.
(2) Note. This definition includes those motors in which the
motive fluid is controlled in response to means which senses
or measures the quantity or volume of fluid (as opposed to
rate of flow or pressure) which flows to or from a chamber
which expands or contracts proportionally to the motor
movement. The chamber may be a working or nonworking
chamber.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 20+ for expansible chamber motors in which
motive fluid is supplied to a single working chamber through
different supply paths at different times, at least one of
said supply paths being controlled in response to the
position of the motor working member.
subclasses 58+ for rotary expansible chamber motors in
which the motive fluid is controlled in response to the
position of the rotary working member of the motor.
168 for expansible chamber motors in which the motor has
separately controlled working chambers, the extension of the
unit equalling the sum of the individual chamber extensions
and in which the position of one working member controls the
motive fluid for another working member.
subclasses 170+ and especially subclasses 189+ for
expansible chamber motors having plural relatively movable
working members in which the motive fluid for one working
member is controlled in response to the position of another
working member.
subclasses 218+ for expansible chamber motors having a
reciprocating cycle of operation and means operating in
response to the position of the working member to control the
motive fluid to cause the motor to operate continuously
repeating the cycle.
357 for expansible chamber motors having selectively usable
or positionable working member controlled vent in the working
chamber wall.
subclasses 358+ for expansible chamber motors having valve
means which is operated by an input signal to cause operation
of the motor and in which said valve means is further
controlled in response to the working member of the motor
attaining a given position.
419 for expansible chamber motors in which a motive fluid
valve is controlled in response to the position or
orientation of the entire motor.
425 for expansible chamber motors in which in response to
position of the working member means are actuated to hold a
valve in a given position.
Subclass:
393
This subclass is indented under subclass 392. Apparatus in
which in response to the position of the working member means
are actuated which cause a predetermined delay or time to
elapse prior to control of the motive fluid.
(1) Note. The operation of the timing or delay means is
initiated in response to the position of the motor working
member, but thereafter the amount of time delay which occurs
before the motive fluid is controlled is not dependent upon
the operation of the motor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 35+ for expansible chamber motors having timing,
delay, pattern or cyclic control means which are operated
independently of the motor, i.e., not initiated by the
motor.
subclasses 218+ and especially subclasses 219, 282+, 284+,
and 289, for cyclically operable expansible chamber motors
including means to delay the shift of a distributor after
initiation of the shift by the working member.
364 for expansible chamber motors having feedback control
and means to delay operation of the valve means in response
to the feedback signal from the motor working member.
Subclass:
394
This subclass is indented under subclass 392. Apparatus in
which the working member of the motor has attached thereto or
formed as a part thereof a part which directly cooperates
with an inlet or exhaust opening in the working chamber end
wall to control motive fluid flow through said opening in
response to position of said working member, said part being
disposed within the working chamber in at least one position
of the motor.
Subclass:
395
This subclass is indented under subclass 394. Apparatus in
which the part attached to the working member moves relative
to the working member incident to the control of said end
wall opening.
Subclass:
396
This subclass is indented under subclass 394. Apparatus in
which the part carried by the working member is smaller than
said opening so as not to completely close the opening or is
of tapering or irregular shape so as to progressively or
irregularly close or open said opening on continued movement
of said part.
Subclass:
397
This subclass is indented under subclass 392. Apparatus in
which the working member has reciprocating motion and wherein
at substantially the limit of the stroke in one direction the
motive fluid being admitted to a working chamber is
controlled in response to working member position and at
substantially the limit of the stroke in the opposite
direction the motive fluid being exhausted from the same
working chamber is controlled in response to working member
position.
Subclass:
398
This subclass is indented under subclass 392. Apparatus in
which both a flow path for motive fluid entering and a flow
path for motive fluid exhausting from a single working
chamber are substantially concurrently controlled in response
to working member position.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
397 for expansible chamber motors in which the inlet and
exhaust of motive fluid for a single working chamber are
alternately controlled in response to working member position
at opposite ends of the stroke thereof.
Subclass:
399
This subclass is indented under subclass 392. Apparatus
wherein the motor is provided with opposed expansible
chambers, i.e., one of which contracts as the other expands
and vice versa, and in which in response to motor position a
passage interconnecting the two chambers is opened and at
that time the contracting chamber is otherwise closed or the
outlet therefrom is otherwise restricted.
(1) Note. The purpose of the by-pass is ordinarily for
cushioning by the passage of motive fluid from the expanding
chamber to the closed contracting chamber to act on the
opposed working member face.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
23 for expansible chamber motors in which motive fluid is
supplied to a contracting working chamber by by-passing from
an opposed expanding working chamber in response to working
member position and additional motive fluid is supplied from
a different source. NOTE "PLACEMENT OF PATENTS" IN THE CLASS
DEFINITION AND THE PARAGRAPH FOLLOWING THE TITLE IN THE
SCHEDULE OF THIS CLASS.
235 for cyclically operable, expansible chamber motors in
which motive fluid is constantly applied to one working
chamber and is by-passed therefrom to an opposed working
chamber in response to position of the working member.
416 for differential, expansible chamber motors in which
motive fluid is supplied to one working chamber by by-passing
from an opposed working chamber.
Subclass:
400
This subclass is indented under subclass 392. Apparatus in
which in response to motor position a working chamber of the
motor which is increasing in size is opened to exhaust so as
to vent motive fluid therefrom.
(1) Note. The motive fluid need not be vented directly from
the working chamber, but may be vented from the inlet line
upstream from the chamber if the fluid in the chamber is
capable of escaping from the vent.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 47+ for expansible chamber motors in which
motive fluid is constantly applied to a working chamber
thereof, motor movement being controlled by operating a vent
valve for said working chamber.
399 for expansible chamber motors in which a by-pass between
an expanding chamber and an opposed contracting chamber is
opened in response to position, the contracting chamber being
otherwise closed or the outlet thereof being restricted.
Subclass:
401
This subclass is indented under subclass 400. Apparatus in
which the motive fluid is vented through a passage in the
working member.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
49 for expansible chamber motors in which motive fluid is
constantly applied to a working chamber thereof, motor
movement being controlled by operating a vent valve for said
working chamber, the vented fluid passing through a passage
in the working member of the motor.
Subclass:
402
This subclass is indented under subclass 400. Apparatus in
which the working member travels past an exhaust port to
permit the motive fluid in the expanding chamber to exhaust
therethrough.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
325 for cyclically operable expansible chamber motors in
which the working member overruns a port to allow the
expanding working chamber to exhaust.
357 for expansible chamber motors in which the working
member overruns an exhaust port to vent the expanding
chamber, the exhaust port being selectively positionable in
the direction of working member travel or having means to
selectively open and close same. NOTE "PLACEMENT OF PATENTS"
IN THE CLASS DEFINITION AND THE PARAGRAPH FOLLOWING THE TITLE
IN THE SCHEDULE OF THIS CLASS.
Subclass:
403
This subclass is indented under subclass 392. Apparatus
comprising a control valve which is actuated by fluid, said
fluid being controlled by the position of the motor working
member.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 281+ for cyclically operable expansible chamber
motors in which the distributing valve is actuated by a fluid
motor the motive fluid supply of which is controlled in
response to position of the expansible chamber motor working
member.
388 for expansible chamber motors having valve means which
is controlled by an input signal and is also operated by
fluid pressure which is controlled in response to position of
the motor working member.
Subclass:
404
This subclass is indented under subclass 392. Apparatus
comprising control of the motive fluid as it leaves the
working chamber of the motor in response to working member
position.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 394+ for expansible chamber motors in which the
working member carries a part within the working chamber
which, in response to working member position, cooperates
with a port in the working chamber end wall to control
exhaust flow therethrough.
397 for expansible chamber motors in which the inlet and
exhaust of motive fluid to a single working chamber are
alternately controlled in response to the working member
reaching the end of its stroke in opposite directions.
398 for expansible chamber motors in which both the inlet
and exhaust of motive fluid for a single working chamber are
controlled simultaneously in response to working member
position.
Subclass:
405
This subclass is indented under subclass 404. Apparatus in
which the exhaust is only partially closed in response to
working member position or is progressively closed or
throttled due to movement of the working member.
(1) Note. Many valves have an incidental throttling action
when activated. A patent will not be classified under this
definition on the basis of such incidental throttle action.
However, a valve or porting which is specifically designed or
modified to provide a throttling action is included under
this definition.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
396 for expansible chamber motors in which the working
member carries a part which cooperates with an exhaust port
formed in the working chamber end wall and acts to throttle
said port in response to working member movement.
Subclass:
406
This subclass is indented under subclass 405. Apparatus in
which the exhaust is controlled by a separate valve, the
movable part of said valve having a relatively small passage
therein to permit limited exhaust from the working chamber
after said movable part has been moved to closed position in
response to working member position.
Subclass:
407
This subclass is indented under subclass 405. Apparatus in
which there is provided a plurality of exhaust flow paths
from the working chamber and (1) said flow paths being closed
in series in response to movement of the motor working
member, or (2) at least one of said exhaust flow paths is not
controlled in response to working member position.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 24+ for expansible chamber motors in which inlet
motive fluid is supplied to an expanding chamber through one
supply path and in response to working member position an
additional supply path is opened. Ordinarily in this type
motor the supply paths are also exhaust paths when the
chamber is contracting and one exhaust path is cut off in
response to working member position while another remains
open.
subclasses 236+ for cyclically operable expansible chamber
motors having multiple exhaust passages, one of which
exhausts or continues to exhaust after another has been cut
off.
Subclass:
408
This subclass is indented under subclass 407. Apparatus in
which the working member covers an exhaust port located in a
wall of the working chamber.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
409 for other motors in which the working member covers an
exhaust port in the contracting chamber.
Subclass:
409
This subclass is indented under subclass 404. Apparatus in
which the expansible chamber exhausts through a port which is
so located as to be covered by the working member during
contraction of the expansible chamber to prevent further
exhaust therethrough.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
408 for expansible chamber motors in which the working
member covers an exhaust port in a contracting working
chamber, there being additional exhaust means which remain
open after the working member covers said port. NOTE
"PLACEMENT OF PATENTS" IN THE CLASS DEFINITION AND THE
PARAGRAPH FOLLOWING THE TITLE IN THE SCHEDULE OF THIS CLASS.
Subclass:
410
This subclass is indented under subclass 392. Apparatus
wherein a valve which has a controlling part movable with
respect to the working member is controlled in response to
working member position to control the inlet of motive fluid
to an expanding working chamber.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
398 for expansible chamber motors in which both the inlet
and exhaust of motive fluid to a working chamber are
simultaneously controlled in response to working member
position.
Subclass:
415
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus in which the motor is provided with opposed working
member faces, motive fluid being applied to or evacuated from
one of said faces to cause the working member to move in one
direction and being applied simultaneously to or evacuated
simultaneously from both of said faces to cause the working
member to move in the opposite direction or to slow the
movement in said one direction.
(1) Note. The opposed working member faces are usually of
different areas. However, they may be of the same area with
or without an additional impelling force such as a spring
applied in one direction.
(2) Note. Opposed working member faces are defined as faces
which when motive fluid is applied thereto tend to move the
working member or load in opposite directions.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 22+ for expansible chamber motors with
preliminary admission of motive fluid to a contracting
working chamber to cushion movement of the working member and
further admission of motive fluid through a different supply
path to said working chamber to cause the working member to
move in the opposite direction to expand the chamber.
51 for double acting expansible chamber motors having motive
fluid constantly applied to opposed working member faces and
selectively vented therefrom to cause the motor to move in
either direction.
152 for expansible chamber motors of the multiple expansion
type.
165 for expansible chamber motors in which motive fluid at
different pressures may be simultaneously applied to opposed
working member faces.
172 for expansible chamber motors having opposed, relatively
movable working members with motive fluid being
simultaneously applied thereto.
464 for double acting expansible chamber motors in which
motive fluid is supplied to opposed working member faces when
the motor is in idle or stationary condition.
Subclass:
416
This subclass is indented under subclass 415. Apparatus in
which the motive fluid which acts in one of the expansible
chambers is supplied directly thereto from the other
expansible chamber.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
23 for double acting expansible chamber motors in which
motive fluid is supplied to the contracting chamber from the
expanding chamber to cushion movement of the working member
and additional motive fluid is supplied to said contracting
chamber through a different path.
224 for cyclically operable expansible chamber motors of the
differential type in which opposed working chambers are
placed in communication through a valved piston.
235 for cyclically operable motors in which one working
chamber receives controlled motive fluid supply from an
opposed chamber having constant supply.
399 for expansible chamber motors in which in response to
position of the working member motive fluid is by-passed from
an expanding working chamber to a closed contracting
chamber.
Subclass:
417
This subclass is indented under subclass 415. Apparatus in
which motive fluid is applied to one working face of the
motor under all conditions of operation of the motor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
235 and 321, for cyclically operable motors of the
differential type in which motive fluid is constantly applied
to one working member face. NOTE "PLACEMENT OF PATENTS" IN
THE CLASS DEFINITION AND THE PARAGRAPH FOLLOWING THE TITLE IN
THE SCHEDULE OF THIS CLASS.
Subclass:
418
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus including valve means to control the flow of motive
fluid to or from the motor or while in the motor so as to
provide a control of the motor.
(1) Note. The valve means may be, for example, a
distributing valve, throttle valve, pressure relief or check
valve or a pressure reducing valve. A mere fixed orifice
which provides a throttling action is not considered to be a
valve, but a controllable throttle is considered to be a
valve even though it may not be capable of being completely
cut off.
(2) Note. Patents disclosing a cyclically operable motor in
which the claims are directed to any of the motor operated
valve actuating means are classified in subclasses 218+.
(3) Note. The following definitions of terms are applicable
to this and indented subclasses.
(a) Inlet and Exhaust Valve - A valve for connecting three
lines; a pressure line, a motor line and an exhaust line; the
valve being settable in any of three positions, namely, with
the pressure line connected to the motor line, with the motor
line connected to the exhaust line and with the motor line
cut off. The valve may comprise a single unitary member or
relatively movable separate valving elements.
(b) Stop Valve - A valve in any line which is capable of
being closed to stop the flow in both directions in that
line. A stop valve may also be a throttling valve so long as
it is capable of being completely closed.
(c) Check Valve - A direction responsive valve which when
placed in line is designed to prevent any flow in one
direction and allow substantially free, unimpeded flow in the
opposite direction.
Subclass:
419
This subclass is indented under subclass 418. Apparatus in
which the valve means is controlled in response to (1)
changes in the temperature or the physical state of the
motive fluid supplied to or exhausted from the motor or (2)
changes in the position of the motor relative to a support or
relative to a predetermined spatial reference, such as a
line, plane or direction.
Subclass:
420
This subclass is indented under subclass 418. Apparatus in
which the motor has a first chamber which is expanded by
pressure motive fluid acting therein and a second chamber
which is contracted and from which motive fluid is exhausted
due to the expansion of the first chamber, the exhaust from
the contracting chamber being controlled by valve means which
is operated by the pressure of motive fluid in or the flow of
motive fluid to said expanding chamber.
(1) Note. This subclass includes patents which disclose
rotary expansible chamber motors but are not claimed as
such.
(2) Note. This subclass does not include patents in which
the expanding and contracting chambers are disclosed as
associated with plural relatively movable working members
since such patents are provided for above in subclasses 170+
and 411+.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
268 for cyclically operable expansible chamber motors in
which the exhaust valve for one chamber is closed or held
closed by inlet pressure in an opposing chamber.
Subclass:
421
This subclass is indented under subclass 418. Apparatus in
which the motor is provided with a first chamber which is
expanded by pressure motive fluid acting therein and a second
chamber which is contracted and from which motive fluid is
exhausted due to the expansion of said first chamber, the
flow of motive fluid into the expanding chamber being
controlled by valve means which is responsive to the motive
fluid pressure in or flow from said contracting chamber.
(1) Note. See Notes (1) and (2) under subclass 420 which
also apply to this subclass.
Subclass:
422
This subclass is indented under subclass 418. Apparatus in
which the movable valve means is in or carried by a piston or
piston rod of the motor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
49 for expansible chamber motors in which motive fluid
constantly applied to the working chamber is vented through
the piston or rod.
163 for multiple expansion expansible chamber motors in
which the motive fluid is expanded through the piston from
the high pressure chamber into the low pressure chamber.
subclasses 222+ for cyclically operable expansible chamber
motors in which the motive fluid is supplied or exhausted
through a valved piston or rod. NOTE "PLACEMENT OF PATENTS"
IN THE CLASS DEFINITION AND THE PARAGRAPH FOLLOWING THE TITLE
IN THE SCHEDULE OF THIS CLASS.
234 for cyclically operable valveless expansible chamber
motors in which the piston has a passage for the flow of
motive fluid formed therein.
subclasses 376+ for expansible chamber motors having
follower type feed back control valve means positioned in the
piston or rod.
401 for expansible chamber motors having a valved passage in
the piston or piston rod which is controlled in response to
working member position.
Subclass:
423
This subclass is indented under subclass 418. Apparatus in
which a part of the working chamber wall which is traversed
by the working member is movable and forms or carries a part
forming a portion of the motive fluid valve means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
276 for cyclically operable expansible chamber motors in
which the valve means is formed by a movable portion of the
working chamber wall traversed by the working member. NOTE
"PLACEMENT OF PATENTS" IN THE CLASS DEFINITION AND THE
PARAGRAPH FOLLOWING THE TITLE IN THE SCHEDULE OF THIS CLASS.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
417, Pumps, subclass 509 for expansible chamber pumps in
which the pump fluid is controlled by a valve means which is
formed by a movable portion of the pump chamber wall
traversed by the pumping member.
Subclass:
424
This subclass is indented under subclass 418. Apparatus in
which operation of the valve means requires the use of both
hands of a human operator.
Subclass:
425
This subclass is indented under subclass 424. Apparatus
including means responsive to an operating condition of the
motor for permitting the motor to continue to operate upon
release of either or both hands of the operator.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
301 and 337, for cyclically operable expansible chamber
motors in which fluid is supplied to a chamber subsequent to
movement of the distributor to reversed position to hold the
distributor in such position.
subclasses 392+ for expansible chamber motor valve means
which responds to working member position.
426 for expansible chamber motor valves having subsequently
applied fluid means to hold the valve in the position to
which it had previously been shifted.
Subclass:
426
This subclass is indented under subclass 418. Apparatus
including means to actuate the valve means to a given
position and separate means to hold the valve means in said
position by the application of fluid pressure to the separate
means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
301 and 337, for cyclically operable expansible chamber
motors in which fluid is supplied to a chamber subsequent to
movement of the distributor to reversed position to hold the
distributor in such position.
subclasses 392+ for expansible chamber motor valve means
which responds to working member position.
425 for expansible chamber motors having two hand control
valve means with motor controlled fluid holding means for
said valve means.
Subclass:
427
This subclass is indented under subclass 418. Apparatus
comprising a plurality of spaced control stations from which
the motor may be alternatively controlled by a human
operator.
(1) Note. The spaced control stations may comprise separate
control valves for the motor or may comprise separate
operators for a single control valve.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 6+ for motors in which motive fluid is supplied
to an expansible chamber through different supply paths and
which may involve separate control stations.
Subclass:
428
This subclass is indented under subclass 418. Apparatus in
which the valve means is manually operable by means carried
on and movable with the working member or load or which is
positioned to be operable by a human operator carried on and
movable with the working member or load.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 376+ for working member position feedback
controls having a valve part which is unitary with the
working member.
Subclass:
429
This subclass is indented under subclass 418. Apparatus in
which the valve means is so actuated as to provide motive
fluid to the motor in a series of pressure impulses rather
than in a steady continuous flow.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 39+ for expansible chamber motors having
independent means to actuate a distributor to cause cyclic,
reciprocating operation of the motor. Mere pulsing of fluid
alternately to opposed working chambers of a motor to
maintain the working member in a "ready" or static
friction-free state is not considered to be cyclic operation
for subclasses 39+.
430 for expansible chamber motors with valve means which has
parts which are continuously relatively moved for a
nonvalving function, usually to prevent sticking of the valve
means.
Subclass:
430
This subclass is indented under subclass 418. Apparatus in
which the valve means has parts which are relatively movable
for a nonvalving function and means are provided to cause the
parts to be moved continuously.
(1) Note. The valve parts are usually moved for the purpose
of reducing static friction in the valve so that the parts
may be easily moved by other means to perform a valving
function.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 429+ for expansible chamber motors with a dither
valve which controls the motive fluid to supply a series of
impulses rather than a steady flow to the motor.
Subclass:
431
This subclass is indented under subclass 418. Apparatus in
which the valve means is so constructed as to provide for a
circulating flow of motive fluid into and out of the motor
working chamber while the motor working member is
stationary.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 47+ for expansible chamber motors having
constantly applied motive fluid with controlled venting.
52 for expansible chamber motors having a constantly open
throttled exhaust with controlled motive fluid supply.
Subclass:
432
This subclass is indented under subclass 418. Apparatus in
which the valve means comprises a check valve which is
operable to permit motive fluid to flow into the working
chamber, the check valve having connecting means combined
therewith to provide for the reception of a readily
disconnectable or removable motive fluid supply line to the
motor through said check valve.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
468 and see the subclasses there noted for other motors with
self acting valves.
Subclass:
433
This subclass is indented under subclass 418. Apparatus in
which the valve means controls both the inlet and the exhaust
to initiate flow of motive fluid to and from a single working
chamber of the motor and the valve means is operated in
response to variations in the pressure in either the pressure
line supplying motive fluid to the motor or the working
chamber or the motor itself to control both the inlet and
exhaust of motive fluid.
(1) Note. The valve means controlling the inlet and the
exhaust in response to variations in the pressure is an inlet
and exhaust valve.
(2) Note. The motive fluid which operates the valve means
must also be subject to the control of the valve means.
(3) Note. The variations in pressure in the supply line or
working chamber may be caused by any condition including a
manually operable means such as a throttle valve in the
pressure line or by changes in the load on the motor so long
as the inlet and exhaust are both valved by a means which
itself operates by variations in pressure applied thereto.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
166 for double acting motor having valve means for reversing
the direction of operation of the motor in response to motive
fluid pressure variations.
356 for reciprocating motors which operate through a
complete cycle and then stop, the reversal of the motor being
controlled in response to motive fluid pressure change.
420 for a double acting motor in which the contracting
chamber exhaust valve is controlled by the pressure in or
flow to the expanding chamber.
421 for a double acting motor in which the expanding chamber
inlet is controlled by the pressure in or flow from the
contracting chamber.
461 for pilot valves which are operated by motive fluid
which is controlled separately from that supplied directly to
the motor.
Subclass:
434
This subclass is indented under subclass 433. Apparatus in
which the valve means is provided with manual actuating
means, the variations in pressure being applied to said
manual actuating means to provide a reaction or "feel" to the
operator.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 370+ for expansible chamber motors having
follower type valve means with motor chamber pressure
reaction on the valve.
Subclass:
435
This subclass is indented under subclass 418. Apparatus in
which the valve means is controlled in response to the speed
of movement of the working member.
(1) Note. Rate of motive fluid flow to or from a working
chamber has not been considered to be indicative of the speed
of movement of the working member. Thus, this definition does
not include valve means which are controlled in response to
the rate of flow to or from a working chamber.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
17 for cyclically operable expansible chamber motors having
means to supply low pressure fluid to the motor when the main
supply is cut off and the motor is coasting or drifting and
speed responsive means for cutting off the low pressure fluid
when the motor speed decreases to a given value or the motor
stops.
76 for rotary expansible chamber motors which are controlled
in response to the speed of rotation of the working member.
221 for cyclically operable expansible chamber motors with
stop means responsive to speed.
333 for cyclically operable expansible chamber motors having
independently operable means to control the distributor in
response to the speed of the motor.
336 for cyclically operable motors having speed controlled
throttle valve means.
364 for expansible chamber motors of the feedback type
having means to vary the feedback signal in response to rate
of working member movement.
366 for expansible chamber motors of the feedback type
having a speed governor controlled input signal.
458 for expansible chamber motors having speed governor
operated valve means.
468 and see the search there noted for expansible chamber
motors having self acting valves and see (1) Note above.
Subclass:
436
This subclass is indented under subclass 418. Apparatus in
which the motor is provided with opposed chambers such that
the introduction of pressure motive fluid into one chamber
will cause expansion thereof, movement of the working member,
and contraction of the opposed chamber to exert a pressure on
fluid contained therein, the valve means being operable to
permit fluid which has been put under pressure in the
contracting chamber to be admitted to the expanding chamber
during at least a portion of the period pressure motive fluid
is also being admitted to the expanding chamber.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 6+ for expansible chamber motors having inlet
motive fluid supplied through diverse flow passages to a
single working chamber at different times.
Subclass:
437
This subclass is indented under subclass 418. Apparatus in
which the motor comprises a pair of working chambers for
driving a single working member in opposite directions by the
application of controlled pressure motive fluid to expand one
chamber and to contract and expel exhaust motive fluid from
the other chamber and in which the valve means controls a
fluid line connecting the chambers to permit motive fluid to
pass from one chamber to the other, said valve means
operating separately from the control of the pressure motive
fluid.
(1) Note. The operation of the by-pass valve means, to be
separate from the pressure motive fluid control, must operate
in a manner inconsistent with the normal motor operation such
that a double acting motor with a unitary spool valve having
short lands which may interconnect opposed motor chambers at
one valve position is excluded and will be found in subclass
464.
(2) Note. A double acting motor in which a valve controlled
by-pass line is also constantly open to exhaust is considered
to be a common exhaust and is excluded from this definition.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 16+ for expansible chamber motors with motive
fluid supplied through diverse flow paths to a single
expansible chamber in which the motor drifts or coasts on a
lower motive fluid pressure.
Subclass:
438
This subclass is indented under subclass 437. Apparatus in
which the valve means controlling the by-pass is held in
position to close the by-pass by the pressure of motive fluid
applied to the motor.
Subclass:
439
This subclass is indented under subclass 438. Apparatus in
which the pressure motive fluid applied to the motor is
controlled by a valve means having an inlet line common to
the opposed chambers for the pressure motive fluid and in
which the by-pass line is formed in part by said inlet line
so that fluid may flow from one chamber to the other through
the inlet line independently of the position of the pressure
motive fluid control valve means.
Subclass:
440
This subclass is indented under subclass 418. Apparatus in
which the motor includes a nonworking chamber and the valve
means acts to exhaust motive fluid from the contracting
working chamber to the nonworking chamber which is expanded
due to the movement of the working member contracting the
working chamber.
Subclass:
441
This subclass is indented under subclass 418. Apparatus in
which the motor is provided with an additional valve means
which opens to admit ambient fluid into an expanding chamber
when the pressure in the chamber falls below the pressure of
the ambient fluid source.
(1) Note. Ambient fluid is fluid which is not under pressure
and does not cause the working member to move when it is
being admitted to the expanding chamber; however, pressure
motive fluid may be applied to the chamber when the ambient
fluid source is cut off from the expanding chamber so that
the ambient fluid trapped in the expanding chamber becomes
pressurized and assists in moving the working member.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 16+ for expansible chamber motors with motive
fluid supplied through diverse flow paths to a single
expansible chamber in which the motor drifts or coasts on a
lower motive fluid pressure.
Subclass:
442
This subclass is indented under subclass 418. Apparatus in
which an expansible chamber is provided with a valve to
discharge motive fluid therefrom, said valve being held
closed by the pressure of inlet motive fluid applied to said
chamber and said valve opening automatically to permit
discharge when the inlet pressure is removed.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
268 for cyclically operable expansible chamber motors having
relatively movable inlet and exhaust valves in which the
exhaust valve is held closed by inlet pressure. NOTE
"PLACEMENT OF PATENTS" IN THE CLASS DEFINITION AND THE
PARAGRAPH FOLLOWING THE TITLE IN THE SCHEDULE OF THIS CLASS.
Subclass:
443
This subclass is indented under subclass 418. Apparatus in
which the valve means controls the inlet and exhaust flow of
motive fluid to and from the same working chamber to cause
the magnitude of the inlet flow and exhaust flow to be
unequal.
(1) Note. The valve means must be more than a mere manually
operable throttle in a common inlet and exhaust line and
includes, for example, additional passages in the valve means
or plural motive fluid lines.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 6+ for expansible chamber motors having a single
working chamber having fluid supplied thereto by diverse flow
paths.
Subclass:
444
This subclass is indented under subclass 418. Apparatus in
which the valve means comprises at least two valves through
which the fluid must pass serially in the course of flowing
either to the working chamber or exhausting from the working
chamber, each valve having a movable fluid flow controlling
element so arranged that the control of the motive fluid by
the valves is effected by the movement of the movable element
of one valve relative to the movable element of another
valve.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
12 and 15, for cyclically operable expansible chamber motors
with serially arranged reversing valves arranged between the
supply and exhaust and opposed expansible chambers of the
motor.
30 for expansible chamber motors with serially arranged
reversing valves arranged between the supply and exhaust and
opposed expansible chambers of the motor.
subclasses 246+ for cyclically operable expansible chamber
motors having a throttle valve correlated with the
distributor.
subclasses 247+ for cyclically operable expansible chamber
motors having additional valve means for adjusting the timing
of the fluid control events.
264 for cyclically operable expansible chamber motors having
serially arranged distributors which are relatively movable.
274 for cyclically operable expansible chamber motors having
additional valve means to controllably vary the fluid
handling capacity of the inlet or exhaust passage.
subclasses 335+ for cyclically operable expansible chamber
motors which include a throttle valve in the flow path to the
distributor.
Subclass:
445
This subclass is indented under subclass 444. Apparatus in
which one of the serial valves is an inlet and exhaust valve
and another is a stop valve, the stop valve being disposed in
the motor line between the inlet and exhaust valve and the
working chamber.
Subclass:
446
This subclass is indented under subclass 444. Apparatus in
which one of the serial valves acts in response to pressure
or flow in the line in which said one valve is placed.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
468 and see the subclasses there noted for other motors with
self acting valves.
Subclass:
447
This subclass is indented under subclass 446. Apparatus in
which another of the serial valves is an inlet and exhaust
valve and the pressure or flow responsive valve is disposed
in the motor line between the inlet and exhaust valve and the
working chamber.
Subclass:
448
This subclass is indented under subclass 444. Apparatus in
which the serially arranged valves are located in the fluid
line supplying motive fluid to the motor.
Subclass:
449
This subclass is indented under subclass 418. Apparatus in
which the same working chamber of the motor is provided with
at least two waste passages through which motive fluid may be
diverted or exhausted from the chamber and the valve means is
operable to control these passages separately of one
another.
(1) Note. A waste passage under this definition includes an
exhaust line or a line branching from an inlet line which is
controlled merely to prevent motive fluid from reaching the
chamber by being opened, while the inlet line is open to the
chamber. A passage for motive fluid which is directed from
the chamber to some motor control means, (e.g., valve
actuator, feel or holding means) or for some function
ancillary to the motor operation (e.g., sealing) is
excluded.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
48 for expansible chamber motors in which motive fluid is
constantly applied to a working chamber thereof and having a
plurality of separately controlled vent or waste passages to
control the operation of the motor.
subclasses 236+ for cyclically operable expansible chamber
motors having multiple exhaust passages.
subclasses 407+ for expansible chamber motors having a
plurality of exhaust passages which are successively
controlled in response to working member position.
Subclass:
450
This subclass is indented under subclass 449. Apparatus in
which the valve means controlling one of the passages is an
inlet and exhaust valve.
Subclass:
451
This subclass is indented under subclass 450. Apparatus in
which the valve means controlling a second passage is a self
acting valve operated in response to the motive fluid
pressure or rate of flow in the chamber or motive fluid
lines.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 240+ and 242, for cyclically operable expansible
chamber motors having multiple exhaust passages with one
passage controlled by a fluid pressure actuated valve.
452 for other motors having plural separately controlled
waste passages for a single chamber, at least one of which is
controlled by a motive fluid pressure or flow responsive
valve.
468 and see the subclasses there noted for other motors with
self acting valves.
Subclass:
452
This subclass is indented under subclass 449. Apparatus in
which the valve means controlling one of the passages is a
self acting valve operated in response to the motive fluid
pressure or rate of flow in the chamber or motive fluid
lines.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 240+ for cyclically operable motors having a
fluid actuated valve controlling one of a plurality of
exhaust passages.
451 for plural separately controlled waste passages for the
same chamber where one passage is controlled by a motive
fluid pressure or flow responsive valve and another passage
is controlled by an inlet and exhaust valve.
468 and see the subclasses there noted for other motors with
self acting valves.
Subclass:
453
This subclass is indented under subclass 418. Apparatus in
which a single valve means is provided with two or more
separate means to cause operation of the valve means.
(1) Note. When the valving comprises separate relatively
movable inlet and exhaust valves for one working chamber,
each valve is considered a single valve means within this
definition so that a single actuator only on each valve is
not included.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
367 for motors having position responsive feedback control
and plural input signal means for a single valve. NOTE
"PLACEMENT OF PATENTS" IN THE CLASS DEFINITION AND THE
PARAGRAPH FOLLOWING THE TITLE IN THE SCHEDULE OF THIS CLASS.
425 and the subclasses noted thereunder for expansible
chamber motors having valve means having plural actuating
means, one of which is responsive to the position of the
working member controlled by the valve means.
Subclass:
454
This subclass is indented under subclass 418. Apparatus in
which the valve means comprises two valves, each having a
movable flow controlling part, one of the valves controlling
the pressure line to a working chamber and the other
controlling the exhaust line from the same chamber, at least
one of the valves controlling its respective line by movement
of its movable valve part relative to the movable valve part
of the other valve.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 265+ and the subclasses there noted for
cyclically operable expansible chamber motors having
relatively movable inlet and exhaust valves.
Subclass:
455
This subclass is indented under subclass 454. Apparatus in
which said two valves control the inlet and exhaust of one
working chamber of a double acting motor and the movable flow
controlling part of one of the valves moves as a unit with
another movable flow controlling part of a valve which
controls the flow of motive fluid to or from the other
working chamber of the double acting motor.
Subclass:
456
This subclass is indented under subclass 454. Apparatus in
which the movable flow controlling part of at least one of
said two valves oscillates or rotates about a fixed axis to
perform its valving function.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
270 for cyclically operable expansible chamber motors having
relatively movable inlet and exhaust valves movable about an
axis.
Subclass:
457
This subclass is indented under subclass 454. Apparatus in
which a single movable actuating member or element is
operatively associated with said two valves so that the
movable flow controlling parts of both valves are capable of
being moved by the member or element.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
376 for working member position feedback controls of the
follower type having plural movable valve parts one of which
is unitary with the working member and which are generally of
the type having relatively movable inlet and exhaust valves
operated by a single actuator.
Subclass:
458
This subclass is indented under subclass 418. Apparatus in
which the valve means is actuated by a means which is driven
from a rotating shaft and the actuation of the valve means
varies in accordance with the speed at which the rotating
shaft is driven.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
366 for expansible chamber motors having working member
position feedback to the motive fluid control valve means in
which the input control signal is derived from a speed
governor. NOTE "PLACEMENT OF PATENTS" IN OF THE CLASS
DEFINITION AND THE PARAGRAPH FOLLOWING THE TITLE IN THE
SCHEDULE OF THIS CLASS.
435 for expansible chamber motor valve means controlled by
the rate of movement of the working member and see the
subclasses noted thereunder for other speed controlled valve
means.
Subclass:
459
This subclass is indented under subclass 418. Apparatus in
which the valve means includes a movable part which is caused
to move by a means operated by an electrical current to
effect control of the motive fluid.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
42 for expansible chamber motors with locking means having
correlated control of the motive fluid in which the
correlated control is accomplished by electrical means.
248 for cyclically operable expansible chamber motors with
electrically operated means for adjustably controlling the
timing of a fluid control event.
275 for cyclically operable expansible chamber motors having
electrically operated valve means. NOTE "PLACEMENT OF
PATENTS" IN THE CLASS DEFINITION AND THE PARAGRAPH FOLLOWING
THE TITLE IN THE SCHEDULE OF THIS CLASS.
subclasses 361+ for expansible chamber motors with working
member feedback control in which the valve means is actuated
electrically. NOTE "PLACEMENT OF PATENTS" IN THE CLASS
DEFINITION AND THE PARAGRAPH FOLLOWING THE TITLE IN THE
SCHEDULE OF THIS CLASS.
Subclass:
460
This subclass is indented under subclass 418. Apparatus in
which the valve means is operated by a substantially constant
mass of fluid forming a fluid link between a valve actuating
surface and an actuated surface.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
280 for cyclically operable expansible chamber motors having
a pulsator actuated distributor. NOTE "PLACEMENT OF PATENTS"
IN THE CLASS DEFINITION AND THE PARAGRAPH FOLLOWING THE TITLE
IN THE SCHEDULE OF THIS CLASS.
Subclass:
461
This subclass is indented under subclass 418. Apparatus in
which the valve means comprises a main or primary valve which
is movable by fluid under pressure to control the flow of
motive fluid to or from the motor and a secondary or pilot
valve operable to control the application of pressure fluid
to the main valve, or a fluid actuator therefor, so as to
control movement of said main valve, said fluid under
pressure being separate or separated from the motive fluid
controlled by the main or primary valve and not entering the
working chamber.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 304+ for cyclically operable expansible chamber
motors having a pilot valve controlled distributor. NOTE
"PLACEMENT OF PATENTS" IN THE CLASS DEFINITION AND THE
PARAGRAPH FOLLOWING THE TITLE IN THE SCHEDULE OF THIS CLASS.
Subclass:
462
This subclass is indented under subclass 418. Apparatus in
which the motor has a working member positioned to move in
opposite directions in opposed working chambers by alternate
supply of motive fluid to one side of the piston and the
alternate exhaust from the other.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
166 for double acting expansible chamber motors with valve
means to reverse the direction of movement in response to
variations in the motive fluid supply line pressure or flow.
420 for double acting expansible chamber motors with an
exhaust valve for the contracting chamber which is controlled
by the motive fluid pressure applied to the expanding
chamber.
421 for double acting expansible chamber motors with valve
means controlling the expanding chamber inlet in response to
the contracting chamber motive fluid pressure or flow.
subclasses 437+ for double acting expansible chamber motors
with an independently controlled by-pass between opposed
working chambers.
455 for double acting expansible chamber motors having
relatively movable inlet and exhaust valves for one chamber
in which one of the valves also forms a unitary valve part
for the opposed chamber.
Subclass:
463
This subclass is indented under subclass 462. Apparatus in
which the flow capacity of the motive fluid flow line to one
working chamber is different from the flow capacity of the
motive fluid flow line to an opposed working chamber, or the
flow capacity of the motive fluid flow line from one working
chamber is different from the flow capacity of the motive
fluid flow line from an opposed working chambers.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
274 for cyclically operable double acting expansible chamber
motors having a throttle adjustment for one side of the
motor.
443 for expansible chamber motors with valve means for
providing unequal inlet and exhaust flow rates to a single
working chamber.
Subclass:
464
This subclass is indented under subclass 462. Apparatus in
which valve means are provided for concurrently opening the
opposed working chambers of the double acting motor to either
inlet or exhaust.
(1) Note. Mere independently operated valves for opposed
working chambers without some operating means to assure that
the opposed chambers are simultaneously opened when desired
are not included under this definition.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
3 for double acting expansible chamber motors with receiving
orifices for the opposed working chamber to receive all or a
portion of a jet stream to cause movement of the working
member.
439 for double acting expansible chamber motors with an
independently controlled by-pass between opposed working
chambers which by-passes through the common pressure inlet
line to the motor.
Subclass:
465
This subclass is indented under subclass 462. Apparatus in
which the valve means comprises two unitary inlet and exhaust
valves, each controlling the flow of motive fluid to and from
its respective opposed working chamber, the control of motive
fluid for each working chamber being effected by the relative
movement of the unitary movable elements of the valves.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
323 for cyclically operable expansible chamber motors having
relatively movable unitary inlet and exhaust valves for
opposed working chambers.
Subclass:
466
This subclass is indented under subclass 462. Apparatus in
which the inlet and exhaust for the opposed chambers is
controlled by a single unitary movable valve means having no
relatively movable parts for the valving function.
(1) Note. Two spaced unitary inlet and exhaust valves in
which the unitary movable elements are connected together by
a rigid means to make them move as a unit are included under
this definition.
Subclass:
467
This subclass is indented under subclass 466. Apparatus in
which the valve means oscillates or rotates about a fixed
axis to perform the valving function.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
315 327, 345, 349, and 352+, for cyclically operable
expansible chamber motors having a distributor which moves
about an axis.
Subclass:
468
This subclass is indented under subclass 418. Apparatus in
which the valve means comprises a valve in a line which
operates in response to motive fluid pressure, rate of flow,
or direction of flow in the line.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
155 for expansible chamber motors of the multiple expansion
type with fluid actuated valve means.
166 for double acting expansible chamber motors having valve
means to reverse the direction of movement in response to
variations in the motive fluid inlet line pressure or flow.
subclasses 281+ for cyclically operable expansible chamber
motors having motive fluid pressure or flow responsive valve
means.
420 for expansible chamber motors in which a contacting
chamber exhaust valve is controlled by expanding chamber
pressure or flow.
421 for expansible chamber motors in which an expanding
chamber inlet valve is controlled by contacting chamber
pressure or flow.
432 for expansible chamber motors having a check valve in
the inlet the check valve having means providing a
disconnectable motive fluid supply line.
subclasses 433+ for expansible chamber motors with valve
means controlling both the inlet and exhaust to a single
chamber in response to the motive fluid pressure in the
supply line or chamber.
subclasses 438+ for expansible chamber motors having a
by-pass between opposed working chambers held closed by
motive fluid pressure.
441 for expansible chamber motors having valve means which
opens to ambient when the pressure in the expanding chamber
falls below the pressure of the ambient fluid source.
442 for expansive chamber motors with a self opening exhaust
valve held closed by inlet pressure.
subclasses 446+ for expansible chamber motors with
relatively movable serial valves one of which is a motive
fluid pressure or flow responsive valve. NOTE "PLACEMENT OF
PATENTS" IN THE CLASS DEFINITION AND THE PARAGRAPH FOLLOWING
THE TITLE IN THE SCHEDULE OF THIS CLASS.
452 for expansible chamber motors with plural separately
controlled waste passages for a single chamber in which one
of the passages is controlled by a motive fluid pressure or
flow responsive valve and subclass 451 for similar motors in
which another of the passages is controlled by an inlet and
exhaust valve.
Subclass:
469
This subclass is indented under subclass 418. Apparatus in
which the valve means comprises a unitary inlet and exhaust
valve for controlling the motive fluid flow for a single
working chamber having no relatively movable parts for the
valving function.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
323 for cyclically operable expansible chamber motors having
relatively movable unitary inlet and exhaust valves for
opposed working chambers.
465 for double acting expansible chamber motors having
relatively movable unitary inlet and exhaust valves for
controlling the opposed chambers thereof.
Subclass:
470
This subclass is indented under subclass 469. Apparatus in
which the inlet and exhaust valve oscillates or rotates about
a fixed axis to perform the valving function.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
467 for double acting expansible chamber motors having
unitary inlet and exhaust valve means movable about an axis
and see the subclasses there noted for cyclically operable
motors with distributors which move about an axis.
Subclass:
471
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject
matter otherwise provided for.
(1) Note. For example, in this subclass are classified
patents containing method claims under the class definition.
If a patent contains only method claims it is classified in
this subclass as an original. If it contains apparatus claims
as well as method claims the original is classified in the
appropriate apparatus subclass of this class and
cross-referenced to this subclass.
Subclass:
472
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus comprising three or more cylinders each cylinder
being provided with a relatively reciprocating piston
(includes diaphragm) to thereby form a plurality of working
chambers, the cylinders or a transmission element in common
operative engagement with said cylinders or pistons being
adapted to rotate about a fixed axis; said cylinders being
physically arranged in a manner such that their longitudinal
axes either (1) intersect at a common point or (2) extend
parallel to said axis of rotation.
(1) Note. See note in class 417, Pumps, subclass 269 for a
statement of the line between this class and Class 417
regarding plural cylinder devices of the above stated type.
(2) Note. Since all devices having three or more cylinders
arranged in the above defined relationship are intended to be
included under this definition regardless of whether the
disclosure or claims are directed to a pump or a motor,
provided the device is in fact capable of operation as a
motor, such terminology as "motive fluid", "working member"
and "working chamber", as used in this definition or those
indented hereunder, should be construed as equally applicable
to pumping apparatus and synonymous with the terms, "pumped
fluid", "pumping member" and "pumping chamber",
respectively.
(3) Note. The recital in the claims of a plurality of
cylinders is sufficient to cause classification under this
definition if the claimed device has a disclosure of three or
more cylinders arranged in the above defined relationship.
However, the specific designation in the claims of only one
or a pair of three or more disclosed cylinders precludes
classification under this definition and would be classified
elsewhere in the class (e.g., subclasses 243+, if of the
moving cylinder type).
(4) Note. To fall within the scope of this definition the
motor must be of the type which includes at least three
cylinders and none of said three may be formed integral with
the relatively reciprocating piston of another.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
6.5 for motors having three or more cylinders arranged in
parallel, radial, or conical relationship with a rotary
transmission axis and in which motive fluid is supplied to at
least one of said cylinders through diverse flow paths.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, appropriate subclasses, for
mechanical motion converting devices having no motive fluid
valving or porting claimed and see especially subclass 22
for apparatus for converting rotary motion to reciprocating
and rotary motion and subclass 55 for apparatus employing a
cam and slide for converting rotary motion to or from
reciprocating or oscillating motion.
92, Expansible Chamber Devices, appropriate subclasses, for
expansible chamber devices having plural parallel, radial, or
conically arranged cylinders in which there is no valving of
motive fluid claimed. The mere recital of a ported element or
housing which cooperates with or surrounds the cylinders is
sufficient to exclude classification in Class 92 if, by
disclosure, the element or housing cooperates with the
cylinders to perform a valving function. See especially the
following subclasses: 12.1+, for displacement control of
plural cylinders arranged in parallel, radial, or conical
relationship with a rotary transmission axis; 56+, for plural
rotating cylinders; 68+, for relatively movable working
members interconnected with a common rotatable shaft; and
146+, for plural unitarily mounted cylinders.
417, Pumps, subclasses 269+, for pumps having three or more
cylinders arranged in parallel, radial, or conical
relationship with a rotary transmission axis.
Subclass:
473
This subclass is indented under subclass 472. Apparatus in
which there is provided (1) drive means for converting the
relative reciprocatory motion between said plural cylinders
and pistons into rotary motion of a driven member, (2)
control means for controlling the drive means in some manner
and (3) a separate sensing means which is responsive to the
occurrence of a condition of either the motor or motive fluid
to effect operation of the control means for altering the
operation of the drive means.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
417, Pumps, subclasses 218+, for pumps having a drive
transmission including an adjustable cam or linkage which is
controlled responsive to a condition.
Subclass:
474
This subclass is indented under subclass 472. Apparatus in
which at least one of said plural working chambers either (1)
discharges motive fluid to an external destination separate
from that to which another of said expansible chambers
discharges fluid or (2) receives motive fluid from an
external source separate from that from which another of said
expansible chambers receives fluid.
Subclass:
475
This subclass is indented under subclass 472. Apparatus in
which there is provided a reaction member in common operative
engagement with said plural piston or cylinders for
converting the relative reciprocatory motion between the
pistons and cylinders to or from continuous rotary motion of
a drive element, there being provided resilient means for
biasing said reaction member to a position causing said
motion conversion, said reaction member being directly
responsive to fluid pressure within the plural expansible
chambers for movement in opposition to the resilient bias
thereon for varying the extent of relative reciprocation
between said piston and cylinders.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
473 for control of the drive means by means which includes a
separate sensing means (i.e., not directly responsive to
pressure in the working chamber) which responds to a
condition (e.g., input or output pressure) of the device.
Subclass:
476
This subclass is indented under subclass 472. Apparatus in
which there is provided individual valve means for each for
said working chambers to cyclically control the flow of
motive fluid to or from the chamber, each of said valve means
being movable relative to another and each controlling the
motive fluid for a single chamber without effecting motive
fluid control for any other chamber.
(1) Note. The valve means may comprise a separate valve
movable with respect to both the piston and cylinder (i.e.,
distributor) or may comprise, for example, a part in the
cylinder wall controlled by the piston (e.g., "valveless" or
"semi-valveless").
Subclass:
477
This subclass is indented under subclass 476. Apparatus in
which the cylinders contain pistons which reciprocate
relative thereto to form the working chambers, each piston
acting as a valve to control the flow of motive fluid to or
from a working chamber other than the working chamber of
which that piston forms a part.
(1) Note. The piston may act as a pilot to control actuating
fluid for a valve of another chamber.
Subclass:
478
This subclass is indented under subclass 476. Apparatus in
which there is provided means for enabling the selective
adjustment of the time of occurrence of admission or
discharge of motive fluid to or from at least one of said
plural working chambers relative to the reciprocatory
movement cycle of the relatively reciprocating piston and
cylinder forming said chamber.
Subclass:
479
This subclass is indented under subclass 476. Apparatus in
which, incident to the operation of the device, the cylinders
also have absolute individual movement (e.g., rocking), the
individual movement of the cylinders controlling porting to
control the flow of motive fluid to or from the working
chambers.
(1) Note. Under this definition the term cylinder includes
merely a liner which has individual motion to control the
motive fluid without movement of the cylinder head.
Subclass:
480
This subclass is indented under subclass 476. Apparatus in
which the individual valve means comprises a valve movable
with respect to both the cylinder and relatively
reciprocating piston therein, said valve being cyclically
shifted by mechanical means incident to the operation of the
device.
Subclass:
481
This subclass is indented under subclass 480. Apparatus in
which the longitudinal axes of said plural cylinders
intersect at a common point from which they radiate and are
contained within a common plane perpendicular to said axis of
rotation.
Subclass:
482
This subclass is indented under subclass 472. Apparatus
having valve means for controlling the admission or discharge
of motive fluid to or from said plural working chambers,
there being provided means for enabling the selective
adjustment of the time of occurrence of admission or
discharge of fluid to or from at least one of said plural
working chambers relative to the reciprocating movement cycle
of the relatively recipro- cating piston and cylinder forming
said chamber.
(1) Note. The mere varying of the length of stroke or
displacement of the device in the absence of a disclosure of
valve timing control is excluded under this definition.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
6.5 for three or more radial or parallel cylinders having
means for supplying motive fluid thereto vial diverse flow
paths.
478 for means for adjusting the time of occurrence of
admission and discharge of motive fluid in devices having a
separate valve for each expansible chamber.
Subclass:
483
This subclass is indented under subclass 482. Apparatus
having a transmission or reaction element (e.g., swash-plate,
crankshaft, etc.), which is mechanically connected (includes
abutment type connection) to the cylinders or relatively
reciprocating pistons and which is adapted to be selectively
moved and held in different positions for the purpose of
changing the time of occurrence of admission or discharge of
fluid to or from at least one of said working chambers.
Subclass:
484
This subclass is indented under subclass 472. Apparatus in
which there is provided a valve having a pair of relatively
slidable abutting face portions, relative sliding movement of
said face portions serving to control admission or discharge
of fluid to or from said working chambers, and valve face
portions being biased into relative seating engagement by
fluid actuated means which is either (1) located externally
of said plural working chambers or (2) if located within a
working chamber being mounted for movement relative to both
the piston and cylinder forming said working chamber.
Subclass:
485
This subclass is indented under subclass 484. Apparatus in
which said pair of relatively slidable valve face portions
are substantially flat and abut in a common plane, one of
said face portions being mounted for movement relative to the
other.
Subclass:
486
This subclass is indented under subclass 472. Apparatus
including means to conduct a portion of the motive fluid to
or from a part of the motor assembly to assist said part in
performing its intended function (e.g., lubricating, sealing,
thrust balancing).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
484 for means for exerting a fluid pressure bias on the
motor distributing valve, in many cases the fluid pressure so
utilized being motive fluid.
Subclass:
487
This subclass is indented under subclass 486. Apparatus in
which there is provided valve means comprising plural
relatively movable elements having interengaging face
portions for controlling admission or discharge of motive
fluid to or from said plural working chambers, at least one
of said valve elements being provided with passage means for
conducting motive fluid to or from the interface formed by
said interengaging face portions, said passage means at no
time serving to effect control of admission or discharge of
motive fluid to or from said working chambers.
Subclass:
488
This subclass is indented under subclass 486. Apparatus in
which motive fluid is conducted to or from the motor assembly
by means of a fluid conducting passage which is physically
located within one of said plural pistons.
Subclass:
489
This subclass is indented under subclass 486. Apparatus in
which there is provided valve means in addition to that
controlling motive fluid admission or discharge to or from
said plural working chambers for controlling the flow of
motive fluid to or from said motor assembly.
Subclass:
490
This subclass is indented under subclass 472. Apparatus in
which there is provided passage means formed within at least
one of said plural pistons and extending therethrough for the
purpose of providing communication between the expansible
chamber associated with said piston and a source of motive
fluid supply or discharge.
Subclass:
491
This subclass is indented under subclass 472. Apparatus in
which the longitudinal axes of said plural cylinders
intersect at a common point from which they radiate and are
contained within a common plane perpendicular to said axis of
rotation.
(1) Note. In some instances, the longitudinal axes of the
cylinders move relative to the axis of rotation and devices
of this type are intended to be included hereunder if the
individual cylinder axes pass through the common point in at
least one position of their movement.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
73, Measuring and Testing, subclass 247, for meters having
two or more radially arranged cylinders.
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, appropriate subclasses, for
mechanical motion fluid valving or porting claimed and see
especially subclass 22 for apparatus for converting rotary
motion to reciprocating and rotary motion, subclass 51, for
apparatus employing a crank and multiple pitmans for
converting rotary motion to or from reciprocating or
oscillating motion and subclass 55, for apparatus employing a
cam slide for converting rotary motion to or from
reciprocating or oscillating motion.
92, Expansible Chamber Devices, appropriate subclasses, for
expansible chamber devices having plural radial cylinders in
which there is no valving of motive fluid claimed and see
especially subclass 58, for plural rotating cylinders in
which the axes at a common point, subclasses 72+, for
relatively movable working members interconnected with a
common rotatable shaft and in which the shaft axis is
intersected by the axis of the working members and subclass
148, for three or more unitarily mounted, radially arranged
cylinders.
417, Pumps, subclass 273, for pumps having three or more
cylinders arranged in radial relationship with a rotary
transmission axis.
Subclass:
492
This subclass is indented under subclass 491. Apparatus
comprising more than one group of plural radiating cylinders
and in which either (1) the longitudinal cylinder axes of one
group of plural cylinders are contained longitudinal axes of
another group or (2) the rotation axis of one group is spaced
from the rotation axis of another.
Subclass:
493
This subclass is indented under subclass 491. Apparatus
having plural rigidly interconnected cylinders, the piston
associated with one of said rigid cylinders being
interconnected for unitary movement with the piston
associated with nother of said rigid cylinders.
Subclass:
494
This subclass is indented under subclass 491. Apparatus in
which said plural cylinders form or are connected to or coact
with a first common element and said plural pistons form or
are connected to or coact with a second common element in a
manner such that relative rotary motion between said first
and second common elements is positively constrained to less
than 360 deg..
(1) Note. To come within the scope of this definition, a
plurality of cylinders or pistons must be connected to their
respective common members in a manner which would positively
prevent full relative rotary motion (e.g., 360 deg. or more)
between the common members. Therefore, a simple abutment
connection between a plurality of pistons and a common
eccentrically mounted ring is excluded under this definition,
even though the ring itself may be journaled for rotation and
intended to rotate with the pistons due to frictional
engagement therewith during the normal mode of operation.
Subclass:
495
This subclass is indented under subclass 494. Apparatus in
which either the plural cylinders or pistons are connected to
their respective common element by means including a pivoted
connection, and move about said pivoted connection incident
to the limited relative rotation of said elements.
Subclass:
496
This subclass is indented under subclass 491. Apparatus in
which the plural cylinders or pistons coact with drive
transmission means (e.g., crank shaft, gear, grooved cam
track, etc.), for converting relative reciprocatory movement
of said cylinders and pistons to or from rotary motion of
said cylinders or transmission means, said cylinders or
pistons co-acting with said drive transmission means in a
manner such that positive mechanical force transmission is
provided therebetween during both directions (i.e.,
to-and-fro) of reciprocatory movement of said cylinders or
pistons.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
493 for radially disposed bidirectionally driven
reciprocating members in which plural rigidly connected
pistons reciprocate in plural rigidly connected cylinders.
subclasses 494+ for radially disposed bidirectionally
driven reciprocating members in which the cylinders or
pistons form or coact with respective common elements having
limited relative rotary movement.
Subclass:
497
This subclass is indented under subclass 491. Apparatus in
which there is provided means to selectively vary the length
of the reciprocating stroke between said cylinders and their
respective relatively reciprocating pistons.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
92, Expansible Chamber Devices, subclass 12.1, for
displacement control of plural cylinders arranged in radial
relationship with a rotary transmission axis in which there
is no valving of motive fluid claimed.
417, Pumps, subclasses 221+, for condition responsive
adjustments of a radial pump operating cam.
Subclass:
498
This subclass is indented under subclass 491. Apparatus in
which there is provided a centrally located substantially
cylindrically or conically shaped member having an axis from
which the plural longitudinal cylinder axes radiate, said
central member being provided with at least one motive fluid
conveying passage terminating on the peripheral surface
thereof, the central member and said plural cylinders being
mounted for relative rotary movement and individual port
means in continuous communication with each of said plural
cylinders and cyclically communicable with the terminal
portion of said motive fluid conveying passage as a result of
said relative rotary movement.
Subclass:
499
This subclass is indented under subclass 472. Apparatus in
which the longitudinal axes of said plural cylinders are
parallel to and spaced from said axis of rotation.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
73, Measuring and Testing, subclass 244, for meters having
plural parallel cylinders and a wobble plate or cam
associated therewith.
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, appropriate subclasses, for
mechanical motion converting apparatus having no motive fluid
valving or porting claimed and see especially subclass 22,
for apparatus for converting rotary motion to reciprocating
and rotary motion and subclass 55, for apparatus employing a
cam and slide for converting rotary motion to or from
reciprocating or oscillating motion.
92, Expansible Chamber Devices, appropriate subclasses, for
expansible chamber devices having plural radial cylinders in
which there is no valving of motive fluid claimed and see
especially subclass 57, for plural rotating cylinders in
which the axes of the cylinders are parallel to the axes of
rotation, subclass 70, for relatively movable working members
forming opposite walls of a common chamber and interconnected
with and parallel to a common rotatable shaft, subclass 71,
for relatively movable working members interconnected with
and parallel to a common rotatable shaft.
417, Pumps, subclass 269, for pumps having three or more
cylinders arranged in parallel relationship with a rotary
transmission axis.
Subclass:
500
This subclass is indented under subclass 499. Apparatus in
which said plural parallel cylinders are angularly disposed
relative to a second set of plural cylinders having parallel
longitudinal axes.
Subclass:
501
Apparatus in which each of said plural cylinders define a
single working chamber containing plural piston forming
opposite walls thereof, said pistons being movable toward and
away from each other during contraction and expansion of the
working chamber.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
92, Expansible Chamber Devices, subclass 70, for expansible
chamber devices having relatively movable working members
forming opposite walls of a common chamber and interconnected
with and parallel to a common rotatable shaft.
Subclass:
502
This subclass is indented under subclass 499. Apparatus in
which at least one of said plural parallel cylinders is
either (1) axially longitudinally spaced relative to another
or (2) provided with a piston which divides same into a pair
of spaced opposed expansible working chambers.
Subclass:
503
This subclass is indented under subclass 499. Apparatus in
which there is provided a valve comprising a pair of
cylindrical parts one rotating with respect to and operating
within the other, the axis of rotation of the valve part
coinciding with said fixed axis, the relative rotary movement
between the valve parts serving to cyclically control
admission or discharge of motive fluid to or from the plural
expansible chambers.
Subclass:
504
This subclass is indented under subclass 499. Apparatus in
which there is provided means to selectively vary the length
of the reciprocating stroke between said cylinders and their
respective relatively reciprocating pistons.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
92, Expansible Chamber Devices, subclass 12.2 for
displacement control of plural cylinders arranged in parallel
relationship with a rotary transmission axis in which there
is no valving of motive fluid claimed.
417, Pumps, subclass 222.1, for condition responsive
adjustment of an axial pump operating cam.
Subclass:
505
This subclass is indented under subclass 504. Apparatus in
which the plural cylinders or pistons coact with a common
drive transmission element (e.g., swashplate) for converting
relative reciprocatory movement of said cylinders and pistons
to or from rotary motion of said cylinders or said
transmission element, said transmission element, being
selectively angularly adjustable relative to said parallel
cylinder axes for varying the reciprocatory stroke length
between said cylinders and pistons.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
417, Pumps, subclass 222.1, for condition responsive
adjustment of an axial pump operating cam wherein a cam may
be tilted relative to the drive shaft axis.
Subclass:
506
This subclass is indented under subclass 505. Apparatus in
which the transmission element is angularly adjusted by means
of a motor.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
417, Pumps, subclass 222.1, for condition responsive motor
operated adjustment of an axial pump operating cam wherein a
cam may be tilted relative to the drive shaft axis.
Subclass:
507
This subclass is indented under subclass 499. Apparatus in
which the plural cylinders or pistons coact with drive
transmission means (e.g., swashplate, interconnecting
linkage, etc.), for converting relative reciprocatory
movement of said cylinders and pistons to or from rotary
motion of said cylinders or transmission means, said
cylinders or pistons co-acting with said drive transmission
means in a manner such that positive mechanical force
transmission is provided therebetween during both directions
(i.e., to-and-fro) of reciprocatory movement of said
cylinders or pistons.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
502 for plural, parallel, double acting working members
which of necessity require positive bidirectional force
transmission.
Subclass:
508
PLURAL RELATIVELY MOVABLE OR RIGIDLY INTERCONNECTED WORKING
MEMBERS:
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus having plural working members which are either (a)
relatively movable, or (b) connected to move together as a
unit under all conditions of operation and which have
different faces forming moving walls of different working
chambers which regardless of the positions of the different
faces are not in fluid communication during at least some
part of the operation of said apparatus, said faces being
urged in the same direction either simultaneously or
sequentially by working fluid in said chambers.
(1) Note. Under this definition, a means o actuate a valve
may be part of the motive fluid control means for the plural
working members, but a means to merely prevent or permit
actuation of the valve by some other agency has not been
considered motive fluid control.
(2) Note. Under this definition, plural expansible chamber
type motors disclosed as being of the rotary type are
specifically excluded unless otherwise not meeting the
valving requirements of Class 418 (see (5) Note on page 91 -
4 of class definitions for relationship to Class 418).
(3) Note. Under this definition, patents disclosing a
working member having different single-acting working faces
forming moving walls of different working chambers for the
sole purpose of causing reciprocation of the working member
in opposite directions are not considered to be drawn to
plural working members.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 6+ for an expansible chamber motor having
different faces forming moving walls of different working
chambers which are not in fluid communication during at least
some part of the operation of said apparatus, communication
between the working chambers being responsive to the position
of the different faces.
subclasses 170+ for expansible chamber motors having a
plurality of relatively movable working members in which one
is controlled by, movably interconnected with, or moved by
another.
subclasses 206+ for expansible chamber motors wherein the
cylinder forms a working member and has two separate integral
fluid actuated surfaces, one being formed exteriorly of the
other.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
92, Expansible Chamber Devices, subclasses 61+ for
expansible chamber devices having relatively movable working
members; and subclasses 146+ for plural unitarily mounted
cylinders or a frame therefor.
Subclass:
509
Having (1) stand-by or (2) redundant means enabling load to
be driven upon failure of primarily load moving means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 508. Apparatus
including a (1) stand-by means becoming operative, or (2) one
member of a redundant means remaining operative upon the
inability of at least one working member to drive the load,
(1) the stand-by means enabling the one working member to
once again drive its load, or (2) the stand-by means
comprising an auxiliary working member for taking over the
function of the one working member.
(1) Note. A working member may become unable to drive the
load as the result of a malfunction of its control valve or
other associated parts or adjuncts which are necessary to the
operation of the said working member.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
517 for means controlling the operation of one motor, in
response to the pressure in another motor.
519 for apparatus including a controllable first working
member and a second working member connected to move with the
first working member, and manual means or working member
position responsive means for controlling motive fluid to the
second working member so that it will aid in the movement of
the load of the first working member in the same direction of
movement thereof.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
60, Power Plants, subclasses 420+ for a system having
distinct or separately operable outputs and condition
responsive means controlling the systems such as selecting
from plural pressure sources. See in the definition of Class
60, subclass 325 under "Motive Fluid Source" for a definition
of a motive fluid source in terms of Class 60.
Subclass:
510
Stand-by means utilizes an auxiliary motive fluid source for
another working member to same load:
This subclass is indented under subclass 509. Apparatus
wherein the stand-by means comprises means to activate or
utilize an auxiliary source of motive fluid for causing a
working member, other than the disabled one, to drive the
load which was previously driven by the disabled working
member (i.e., redundant system).
(1) Note. See section B(1) and B(2) under (4) Note in Class
91 definitions for a statement of what constitutes a properly
claimed motive fluid source for classification in this
class.
(2) Note. Included in this subclass are those devices having
plural motors driving the same load and each motor having its
own source of motive fluid, whereby upon failure of one of
the motors, the other motor drives the load using either (a)
its source of motive fluid, or (b) its source of motive fluid
in addition to that motive fluid previously supplied to the
failed motor.
Subclass:
511
Condition responsive means for modifying working member
operation:
This subclass is indented under subclass 508. Apparatus
having a means for controlling the operation of at least one
of the working members in response to a sensed condition
external of the motor in which the one working member
operates.
(1) Note. Under this subclass the means could include a
condition responsive valve in the inlet line from the source
to the motor or in the exhaust line downstream from the
motor, the condition responsive valve being more than a
relief valve connected between the source and the reservoir.
(2) Note. Under this subclass the means could include a
means for sensing insufficiency of inlet pressure to at least
one working member which means enables compensation for this
insufficiency.
(3) Note. Excluded from this subclass are patents having a
standby auxiliary pressure source for a working member, which
source is activated upon sensing complete failure of its
primary source. See subclasses 509+ for such devices.
(4) Note. For the purposes of this and indented subclasses,
at least, "motor" is defined as an expansible chamber
comprising a space defined by stationary wall member(s) and a
movable wall member or the working member which outputs to
move a load. Although a motive fluid control valve must be
claimed in a patent to be classified herein, as required by
the class definition, said valve is not an element in the
definition of "motor" for the purpose of this and indented
subclasses.
(5) Note. Means "controlling" or "modifying" as used herein
includes means by which a working member is caused to start
to move, to stop from moving, or to change speed, force or
direction of motion.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 170+ for means controlling one working member in
response to the sensed position of another relatively movable
working member. However, control of one working member in
response to the sensed angular displacements between rotating
plural shafts driven by separate working members are placed
in this subclass.
519 for nonrelatively movable intercon- nected working
members controlled in response to the position thereof.
Subclass:
512
Condition is that of a load driven by a working member other
than working member having its operation modified:
This subclass is indented under subclass 511. Apparatus
wherein the external condition is the condition of the load
driven by one of the working members.
(1) Note. If a force transmitting means driven by the
working member is rigidly attached thereto the means is then
considered to be a part of the working member. However, if
the force transmitting means is movable relative to the
working member, said means is then considered to be part of
the load.
(2) Note. Placed in this subclass are apparatus having
plural working members wherein the position of the load of
one working member results in the control of the motive fluid
for another working member when the working members are not
relatively movable.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 170+ for relatively movable working members
wherein the motive fluid for one working member is controlled
as the result of an attained position of another working
member.
Subclass:
513
Condition is position of fluid control member of motor other
than motor whose operation is modified:
This subclass is indented under subclass 511. Apparatus
wherein the external condition sensed is the position of the
motive fluid control member of a motor other than the one
having its operation modified.
Subclass:
514
Pressure responsive valve divides motive fluid between
motors:
This subclass is indented under subclass 511. Apparatus
including a single fluid pressure or flow responsive valve
for dividing or controlling the inlet fluid between and
controlling a plurality of motors.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
517 for a valve which controls the motive fluid to one motor
only and is actuated in response to the motive fluid to or
exhaust from another motor.
Subclass:
515
For synchronization of motors:
This subclass is indented under subclass 514. Apparatus
wherein the fluid pressure or flow responsive valve comprises
(a) means for equalizing fluid pressure or flow to the
plurality of motors, or (b) means for synchronizing the
operation of the plurality of motors.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
171 for means controlling plural working members for
synchronization thereof by sensing the difference in the
distance the members have traveled.
532 for noncondition responsive means for insuring equal
motive fluid supply to plural motors.
Subclass:
516
To give one motor priority to motive fluid over another:
This subclass is indented under subclass 514. Apparatus
wherein the fluid pressure or flow responsive valve comprises
means for giving supply priority to one of the motors, such
that in the absence of sufficient pressure or flow, supply to
the one motor will be take precedence over supply to the
other motor.
Subclass:
517
Condition sensed is working member speed or working fluid
pressure of another motor (i.e., fluid pressure or flow to or
from expansible chamber of the other motor):
This subclass is indented under subclass 511. Apparatus
wherein the external condition is the condition of a motor
other than the one having its operation modified (e.g.,
speed, fluid pressure, amount of flow or lack thereof to or
from the other motor).
(1) Note. Specifically excluded from this subclass are
patents wherein the condition of the other motor is the
position of its working member. Patents to plural relatively
movable working member wherein the position of one working
member is responsible for the control of another, are found
in subclasses 170+. But see subclass 519 for nonrelatively
movable interconnected working members controlled in response
to the position thereof.
(2) Note. The condition of a motor may be sensed at any
point between the motor and its control valve.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
509 for standby working member means which is activated when
another working member means becomes inoperative.
512 for working members whose operation is modified in
response to its load; and for working members whose operation
is modified in response to the load of another motor. See
also subclass 512 for a statement as to what is considered to
be a load.
513 for a motor which is controlled in response to the
sensed position of a motive fluid control valve for another
motor.
Subclass:
518
Motive fluid control valve responsive to pressure in supply
line to or exhaust line from motor which it modifies:
This subclass is indented under subclass 511. Apparatus
wherein the means comprises a motive fluid control valve
responsive to a change in the sensed condition in the motive
fluid inlet line to the motor or in the motive fluid exhaust
line from the motor to change the operation of said motor.
Subclass:
519
With means for selectively changing the speed or force
exerted on load by the selective application of motive fluid
in a single direction to one or more working members:
This subclass is indented under subclass 508. Apparatus
having means for selectively changing the load output speed
or force by selectively applying motive fluid to different
working members interconnected to actuate the load or by
selectively applying different working fluid pressures in a
single direction to one working member of a plurality of
working members driving the load.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 415+ for a working member having its movement
controlled as a function of motive fluid pressure acting on
its opposed pressure surfaces.
533 for plural rigidly connected working members controlled
by a single motive fluid control valve.
Subclass:
520
Motors connected in series:
This subclass is indented under subclass 508. Apparatus
including a conduit means for connecting the contracting
chamber of one motor with the expanding chamber of another
motor (serial connection).
(1) Note. A mere connection through the reservoir is not
considered a conduit means for this subclass.
(2) Note. Both the one motor and the other motor must have a
fluid pressure input and a mechanical output (e.g., motor) or
a mechanical input and a fluid pressure output (e.g., pump).
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
60, Power Plants, subclasses 533+ for an expansible chamber
device which has a fluid pressure input and a fluid pressure
output (e.g., pulsator) with no mechanical output but which
pressurizes the motive fluid for an expansible chamber
motor.
Subclass:
521
Separate valve means actuatable by a common nonmanual
actuator or separately actuatable valve means with common
manual actuator:
This subclass is indented under subclass 508. Apparatus
having (a) separate valve means for plural working members
and a single nonmanual means for actuating each of the valve
means separately, or (b) separately actuatable valve means
for plural working members with a common manual actuator.
(1) Note. The single means which actuates the separate
valves may have several different means to move it (e.g.,
plural handles, plural solenoids). Conversely, the single
element which actuates separate valves may be a single handle
or switch which controls individual operations for each
valve.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
508 for plural valves with manual means to simultaneously
operate them in identical fashion without means to adjust the
movement of one valve relative to another.
530 for separately controlled valves for each working
member.
533 for plural rigidly connected working members controlled
by a single valve.
536 for relatively movable working members controlled by a
single motive fluid control valve. A single motive fluid
control valve is one having a single movable member, such as
a rotatable or slidable valve core or sleeve, which may have
a plurality of variously arranged fluid passages which may be
caused to be aligned with passages in an associated
stationary member to control one or more motor means upon
various movements of said movable member.
Subclass:
522
With means to independently actuate valve means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 521. Apparatus
wherein, in addition to the single actuating means, included
is a means permitting independent operation of the separate
valve means.
Subclass:
523
Simultaneously actuated separate valve means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 521. Apparatus
wherein the separate valve means may be activated
simultaneously.
(1) Note. See subclass 536 for device having relatively
movable working members controlled by a single valve means.
Subclass:
524
Successive actuation of separate valve means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 521. Apparatus
wherein the separate valve means are activated successively.
Subclass:
525
With means to control the working fluid to one working member
for movement relative to another without controlling the
working fluid to the other working member by said means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 508. Apparatus
having means to individually control one working member to
cause relative motion between said one working member and
another without altering the operation of the other working
member.
(1) Note. Each working member may have its own control valve
or there may be valve means controlling more than one working
member simultaneously and an additional valve controlling
either inlet or exhaust for only one working member.
(2) Note. The means is more than a mere check valve in the
inlet line to one of the motors.
(3) Note. Plural motors controlled by valves of the single
selector type are included here if the valve, when actuated,
controls one motor to the exclusion of another motor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
536 for plural relatively movable working members controlled
by a single selector type valve wherein the working members
are controlled simultaneously upon actuation of said valve.
Subclass:
526
With multiway valve in series with control means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 525. Apparatus and
having a multiway valve disposed in series with the means to
individually control one working member whereby the relative
motion between working members may be produced.
Subclass:
527
Valve controlled by remote means (e.g., radio,
electromagnetic, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 525. Apparatus
wherein the control means is controlled by a remotely
controlled device.
(1) Note. "Remote control" as used in this subclass includes
means in addition to a pilot valve such as a radio controlled
means controlling the fluid for operating the fluid pressure
operated valve.
(2) Note. Other remote control devices include
electromagnetic means, light sensitive means, sound or
temperature sensitive means dedicated pump-motor systems
(pulsator), etc.
Subclass:
528
Control means is fluid pressure operated valve:
This subclass is indented under subclass 525. Apparatus
wherein the means comprises a valve which is actuated by a
means responsive to the application of a pressurized fluid.
Subclass:
529
Fluid pressure operated valve controlled by a pilot valve:
This subclass is indented under subclass 528. Apparatus
having a pilot valve for controlling the fluid operated
valve.
Subclass:
530
Control means includes separate control valves for each
working member:
This subclass is indented under subclass 525. Apparatus
wherein the means to individually control one working member
relative to another comprises a separate control valve for
each working member.
Subclass:
531
With additional control valve in series with at least one
separate control valve in supply line to one of motors:
This subclass is indented under subclass 530. Apparatus and
further including a second valve between the source and one
of the motors, the second valve being disposed in serial
relationship with respect to at least one of the control
valves.
Subclass:
532
With means for proportioning motive fluid supply to plural
motors:
This subclass is indented under subclass 508. Apparatus
having means (e.g., a flow divider valve) for insuring
predetermined proportional motive fluid supply to plural
motors.
(1) Note. The means has to be more than a mere conduit
interconnecting the chambers of two motors at all times;
however, conduits particularly designed and claimed to
proportion the motive fluid among plural motors is included
in this subclass.
(2) Note. A plurality of valves each dedicated to control
the motive fluid to a fluid motor is not considered to be
means to proportion motive fluid under this definition.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
515 for a condition responsive means for equalizing supply
to plural motors.
Subclass:
533
Single valve for plural rigidly connected working members:
This subclass is indented under subclass 508. Apparatus
having a single valve controlling motive fluid to plural
motors, the motor working members being rigidly connected.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
519 for plural working members which may be rigidly
connected and having means to selectively apply motive fluid
to one or more of said working members to change the output
speed or force acting on the load.
Subclass:
534
Single valve for relatively movable working members driving
common load:
This subclass is indented under subclass 508. Apparatus
having a single valve controlling motive fluid to plural
motors, the motor working members being relatively movable
and connected to a common output.
Subclass:
535
Relatively movable working members of unequal cross-sectional
areas:
This subclass is indented under subclass 508. Apparatus
wherein at least two of the working members are relatively
movable and have cross-sectional areas which are unequal.
Subclass:
536
Single valve for relatively movable working members:
This subclass is indented under subclass 508. Apparatus
wherein at least two of the working members are relatively
movable and have their movements controlled by a common valve
arrangement.
Information Products Division -- Contacts
Questions regarding this report should be directed to:
U.S. Patent and Trademark Office
Information Products Division
PK3- Suite 441
Washington, DC 20231
tel: (703) 306-2600
FAX: (703) 306-2737
email: oeip@uspto.gov
Last Modified: 6 October 2000